The play ‘Sakharam Binder’ by the noted Marathi dramatist Vijay Tendulkar is a study of complex human relationships and the factors controlling those relationships.Set in a naturalistic background of lower middle class Indian society,the protagonist Sakharam binder who is a brahmin by birth,declares himself a mahar,a foulmouthed,heartless man.The play becomes a journey from the conscious mind of the protagonist,a self declared unconventional man to his inner self where he is a helpless human self craving for love,care,stability and symmetry.the dramatist presents his themes of triangular love relationships,power politics in man woman relationships,life style of economically backward people,and the myriad shades in womam-woman relationships.But above all,it is Sakharam’sjourney and the contribution of two women,one Laxmi and another Champa in unfolding his true self.
Vijay Tendulkar,one of the most famous among Indian English dramatists,mainly highlights different burning social issues and the predicament of middle class Indian society in his plays.A realist,he also shows the condition of women irrespective of class,caste ,creed and social status in our social scenario.His seminal play ‘Sakharam Binder’ which was published in 1972 and was banned in 1974 in our country not only highlights the role of sex and violence in maintaining relationship in Indian society but pinpoints the complex psyche of the characters specically Sakharam,the protagonist of the play.
The play is in three acts and the setting is totally naturalistic.
The locale is a mofussil town and the action takes place in a lower- middle class household. Sakharam in the very first act enters into in his house with a woman na...
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...s.It is as if ‘two different strands in his character come into direct confrontation,creating deep psychological turmoil in him and resulting in his temporary impotence.’
The play ends in complete reversal because in this game of power-politics,Laxmi ,the seemingly innocent character becomes victorious by capturing bewildered,helpless Sakharam.After Champa’s murder.Sakharam also surrenders to her.Sakharam’s surrenderto Laxmi signifies his surrender to female tenderness,surrender of his male ego to female self,and his return to conventionality.
Works Cited
Banerjee,Arundhati.Introduction.Five Plays of Vijay Tendulkar.By Vijay Tendulkar.Bombay:OUP,1992,Print
Tendulkar Vijay.Collected plays in Translation with an introduction by Samik Bandopadhyay,Oxford India Paper backs.
...is interactions with his wife are filled with tension and he is saddened when he reflects upon the men lost during war and the death of his brother.
He wanted to swim through her blood and climb up and down her spine and drink from her ovaries and press his gums against the firm red muscle of her heart. He wanted to suture their lives together.? This quote can portray Johns disturbed mind set, we see that he is consumed with rage ...
Emotional discomfort can sometimes be perceived as mental instability. A person may look, act, or feel insane, when in truth they are just very uncomfortable in their own skin. The narrator has a genuinely difficult decision to make which far outside his comfort zone. He is choosing between a woman who has been like a mother to him and much needed job that he feels he may enjoy. This choice is tearing him apart from the inside out. From the ringing noises that interrupt his every thought to the skin he is scraping off. The author uses diction, syntax, and extended metaphors to express the complete and utter discomfort of the narrator, both physically and emotionally.
In the novel, action speaks louder than characters. Each character in the novel represents the dark reality of the society. Locution and the composition of provocative verses leave gaps, which should be filled up by the readers. The character of Lakshmi is the epitome for many unknown and unnoticed Lakshmies, who are the victims of Trafficking and Sexual Slavery world-wide. Through Lakshmi’s stream of Consciousness the readers get conscious about the atrocities done to poor children and women for the sake of money.
Gurinder Chadha’s Bride and Prejudice, a Bollywood adaptation of Pride and Prejudice, places Jane Austen’s emphasis of equality in marriage within an intercultural context, where the difference in culture is the source of social tension. As West meets East, American tycoon William Darcy sparks cultural conflict with his presumption of Indian girls’ “simple” and traditional characteristics and of their ready subordination to American men. Parallel to Elizabeth’s assertion of her father and Darcy’s equal class standing, Lalita’s fierce rebuttal of Darcy’s assumption highlights his ignorance of the Indian culture, especially his inability to understa...
readers, or the way any other ‘normal’ man will look at this experience, and how he sees it, or wants it to be seen ( although he does not show his father as completely innocent). It can also be looked upon as the Petty Herst syndrome – meaning having a ‘reality’ so intense
Gairola, Rahul. “Burning with Shame: Desire and South Asian Patriarchy, from Gayatri Spivak’s ‘Can the Subaltern Speak?’ to Deepa Mehta’s Fire.” Comparative Literature 54:4 (Fall 2002). 307-324. EBSCOhost.
Recent years have witnessed a large number of Indian English fiction writers who have stunned the literary world with their works. The topics dealt with are contemporary and populist and the English is functional, communicative and unpretentious. Novels have always served as a guide, a beacon in a conflicting, chaotic world and continue to do so. A careful study of Indian English fiction writers show that there are two kinds of writers who contribute to the genre of novels: The first group of writers include those who are global Indians, the diasporic writers, who are Indians by birth but have lived abroad, so they see Indian problems and reality objectively. The second group of writers are those born and brought up in India, exposed to the attitudes, morale and values of the society. Hence their works focus on the various social problems of India like the plight of women, unemployment, poverty, class discrimination, social dogmas, rigid religious norms, inter caste marriages, breakdown of relationships etc.
Mahesh Dattani writes on the burning issues that beset the post-independence Indian society, whether it is communal discord, politics and crime, growing homosexuality or the gender bias. He uses stage to condemn many of the drawbacks prevailing in society. His plays depict marginalized groups of society, people who are considered misfits in a society where stereotyped attitudes and notions reign supreme. His plays have varied content and varied appeal.
Although the author presents the English prejudice in the novel in many situations, he also presents the Indian reaction and behavior. The author demonstration of British behavior vs. Indian behavior gives the readers the field of free thinking and association to decide for themselves which side they would favor. It also questions the validity of criticisms that think of this book as a bias novel that offends British people. However, the author does indicate his favoritism towards Indians throughout the novel by presenting them as the weak and helpless characters that do not have any authority in their own country, but they poses scientific and spiritual knowledge that earns them respect among their society.
Right from the ancient epics and legends to modern fiction, the most characteristic and powerful form of literary expression in modern time, literary endeavour has been to portray this relationship along with its concomitants. Twentieth century novelists treat this subject in a different manner from those of earlier writers. They portray the relationship between man and woman as it is, whereas earlier writers concentrated on as it should be. Now-a-days this theme is developing more important due to rapid industrialization and growing awareness among women of their rights to individuality, empowerment, employment and marriage by choice etc. The contemporary Indian novelists in English like Anita Desai, Sashi Deshpande, Sashi Tharoor, Salman Rusdie, Shobha De, Manju Kapoor, Amitav Ghosh etc. deal with this theme minutely in Indian social milieu.
The novel Delhi penned by Khushwant Singh is a story that compasses both the loftiness and messiness of the city that it tries to reveal through an irrational sentiment. A city that has seen no less than seven rounds of complete decimation and amusement, Delhi, the capital of India, is a city of society and disaster, of pomposity and ability, of journalists and aggravations, of legislators and examples of piety. To catch the show and unmanifest appearances of Delhi obliges a canvas that delights and disgusts in equivalent measure. Maybe Khushwant Singh knew of this part of his dearest city, when he made a ribald, old, delinquent hero, in veneration with a hijra (enunch) prostitute, as the individual attempting to depict his friendship detest association with that whore and this city. While the important storyteller busies himself with curious sexual acts with his half-man, half-lady accomplice
Das, Veena Noble. “Search for Tradition in Karnad Drama: The Plays of Girish Karnad.” Modern Indian Drama in English. Hyderabad: Taurus Printers, 1988. Print.
Indian Writing in English has a special status in English Literature owing to its treatment of women characters. Short stories help the writers to project select characters in an impressive way to the readers. In Indian context the status of woman in a society and her treatment is very different from those of her European or American counterparts. Women are depicted both as a good and evil in literature by various writers. However, in no literature is a women stereotyped as was done in Indian literature. Away from the mythical stereotyping of women, Ruskin Bond portrayed his women in a different way. The female characters of his short stories range from a small child to a grandmother. These characters are as powerful as men and have left a strong impression on the readers. I have chosen following eight short stories for the critical analysis of Ruskin Bond’s Women in this paper.
The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy tells the story of the communist state of Kerala and the forbidden love between two castes, which changes the lives of everyone. In the novel an ‘Untouchable’, Velutha is a carpenter and works at Paradise Pickles and Preserves for much less than he deserves because of his status as an Untouchable in the caste system. Velutha falls into a forbidden love with a divorced woman, Ammu who is associated with an upper caste Syrian Christian Ipe family. Marriage was the only way that Ammu could have escaped this life, but she lost the chance when marrying the wrong man, as he was an alcoholic and this resulted in them getting a divorce. Ammu breaks the laws that state ‘who should be loved, and how and how much’, as their affair threatens the ‘caste system’ in India, which is a hierarchal structure and social practice in India in which your position in society is determined and can’t be changed. Arhundati Roy portrays the theme of forbidden love within the caste systems and shows how they are t...