Roles of the European Court of Justice

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Roles of the European Court of Justice ‘The European Court of Justice played a decisive role in the

transformation of the European legal system by declaring the direct

effect and supremacy of European Law. But the linchpins of the

European legal system are the national courts of the member states.

National court references provide the ECJ with opportunities to expand

the reach and scope of EC law, opportunities that would not exist if

the ECJ had to rely on member states or the Commission to raise

infringement suits. In applying European law supremacy, national

judges have made European law enforceable in the national realm’

In order to overview this statement it is important that the

development of the supremacy of Community law and the direct effect of

this should be identified. It is also complementary to this area that

the preliminary rulings procedure and general principles should also

be made reference to.

The preliminary rulings procedure is known as the cornerstone of

European Community Law and is invoked under Article 234 E.C (appendix

1). Under this procedure the Court of Justice has the task of

ensuring the uniform interpretation and correct application of

European Community law by the courts in the member states. This task

is the most important and influential task that the Court of Justice

has to undertake, hearing cases which it does not decide upon, which

arise in legal systems under which it has no jurisdiction; concerning

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...endix 1)

[3] (case 26/62) [1963] ECR 1

[4] (case 60/64) [1964] ECR 585

[5] (Case26/62) [1963] ECR 1

[6] (case 106/77) [1978[ ECR 629

[7] (case 213/89) [1990] ECR I-2433

[8] [8] E.g. cases 26/62 Van Gend en Loos [1963] ECR 1, 6/64 Costa v

ENEL [1964] ECR 585, 36/76 Simmenthal [1976] ECR 1871, 213/89

Factortame I [1990] ECR 2433, 221/89 Factortame II [1991] ECR 3905

[9] see judgement of Costa v ENEL (case 60/64) [1964] ECR 585

[10] Steiner, J, and Woods, L, Textbook on EC Law, Oxford University

Press, 8th Ed, 2003

[11](Case 29/69) [1969] E.C.R 419

[12] (Case 11/70) [1970] E.C.R 1125

[13] (case 4/73) [1974] E.C.R 491

[14] Internationale Handlesgellschafe (Case 11/70) [1970] E.C.R 1125

[15] (Case 63/83) [1984] E.C.R 2689

[16] (case 43/75) (Defrenne II) [1976] E.C.R 455

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