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Cost, leadership, and differentiation
Cost leadership strategy pros and cons
Cost, leadership, and differentiation
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Nowadays, competition between shopping malls and other types of shopping destination or shopping format has influence spending money behaviours at the mall. Therefore, mall managements should face lessening shoppers’ patronage and mall’s profitability. In order to cope with increasing competition and meet competitive advantage, they can utilize differentiation, cost leadership or focus strategy (Porter 1980 and 198, cited in Hill 1988, p. 81). In terms of differentiation, entertainment has been a pivotal part of shopping mall marketing mix (Sit, Merrilees & Birch 2003, p. 80). However, the role of entertainment towards shopping mall behaviour included money spent has not conclusive (Tsai 2010, p.323). Therefore, this essay will review some …show more content…
The first step is finding some literatures related to the topic by identifying key words. These literatures were founded through goggle scholar or ‘FindIt@Flinders’ facility in the University website. The second step is extracting relevant information included bibliography and references. While reading a particular resource, it is common to expand our literature by evaluating the content and considering any relevant information and related references. The next step is outlining by grouping information before commencing to write a literature …show more content…
Haynes and Talpade’s finding (1996, p.41) shows that shoppers who visiting the mall mainly for shopping spend more money at department stores than the ones who attracted to the mall primarily because of entertainment centre. They conclude that entertainment centre itself is not a main factor to attract additional shoppers visiting the mall, and even it may divert a shopping intention (Haynes and Talpade 1996, pp. 47-48). However, Haynes and Talpade’s study has a limitation due to they only focus on family entertainment centre to define entertainment value. This limitation encouraged Christiansen et al. (1999, p. 11-12) to conduct further research for the similar topic. Their finding also confirms the inconsistency relationship between entertainment and mall productivity, and the negative relationship between entertainment and numbers of amount purchased (Christiansen et al. 1999, p. 19-20). They also find that to some extent entertainment could be a distracter rather than a facilitator towards shopping behaviour (Christiansen et al. 1999, p. 19). This distracter effect could also be seen in Kaltcheva and Weitz’s study (2006, p. 115), which suggest that entertainment experience could lessen a purchase intention of shoppers at the
Over the years, the American department store has developed and evolved as not only a commercial business but also a cultural institution. While it has weathered many storms and changes since its inception and throughout history, its most predominant enemy has been a change in the lifestyle of the American people (Whitaker, 2013). As the customer’s needs and wants have shifted, department stores have struggled to keep up with demands. It has been argued that the decline of the department store has been ongoing for the last 50 years (Whitaker, 2013). This dissertation aims to understand how the department store has historically played a role in consumer culture and spending, and additionally, how this has evolved and changed in today’s retail market. Although department stores may not be able to take all the credit for inventing modern shopping, they certainly made its conventions and conveniences commonplace. They set a new standard for the way the consumer should expect to be treated, the type of services that should be provided, and the convenience that should attend the process of acquiring the necessities and niceties of life all in one place. They made shopping into a leisure pastime. This environment meant shopping was a means of freedom to look around, pick up objects with no obligations to buy. As one historian remarked, department stores: “encouraged a perception of the building as a public place, where consumption itself was almost incidental to the delights of a sheltered promenade in a densely crowded, middle-class urban space” (Whitaker, 2006). Although this perception and view of the department store has changed over the years, this paper aims to follow the trail of how and why that happened.
How exciting malls are in terms of architectural and interior design! Just by going around the heart of any major city and seeing new steel and glass structures stretching towards the sky, many people may feel that shopping malls are a perfect destination for a combination of shopping and entertainment.
The suggestion regarding the shopping mall becoming its own liturgy is understandable. People are often fascinated by the mall’s environments. In addition, the mall may become a place of worship to an extent. Spending unhealthy amounts of time at mall may have attachment effect. Nevertheless, attending the mall,
The retail store that I chose to do observational research in is Target. Target is an upscale discount store with ranging variety of products from groceries, to clothes, electronics, makeup, home décor, and much more. The location of the Target I did the research in is the Okemos Michigan Target. Target has 1,816 stores all over the United States (Target, corporate). The research methods used in the study are direct observation, interviews, and surveys. Direct observation was used to observe how people acted in the store, the order they went through the store, the things people are buying, and how long they are spending around the store. Interviews with six individuals were used to question the reasoning they were in Target, what they planned
“The Sign’s of Shopping” by Anne Norton is an essay that depicts the many ways in which malls, and shopping catalogues sell products to the society by selling to them who they could be with those products. Norton’s central argument is that malls engage people in advertisements that are promoting them to desire the product and integrate to certain identities. She explains how malls are misleading and tend to appear to be a location of diversity and freedom, but the mall actually causes individuals to strive for a certain identity. People are exposed to ideas like the ones in the mall window displays, or shopping catalogs, which shape who they could be through having certain things. She provides a great example, “neither freedom of speech nor
Boredom is usually felt when there is nothing to do. But can this situation be inside of a mall? Well some people may say that they are never bored, or they are always bored at the mall. But one’s perspective on boredom in a mall can change if one is stuck in the mall for over seven days. “No Safety in Numbers” written by Dayna Lorentz shows that being stuck in the mall can be not only boring but dangerous at the same time. The four protagonists, Shay, Marco, Ryan, and Lexi all have their own story to tell inside of the mall. On Saturday morning, a bomb was found attached to the air vents which caused chaos to occur in the mall. The senator at the time requested that the mall was quarantined to make sure that the bomb did not affect anyone
When talking about competitiveness, we don’t have to look only at sporting events. We can look at all the retailers at your local malls striding to gain your attention and money. These stores are trying to lure you in with several marketing tactics involving promotions and different offers. The mall is full of boutiques and departments stores indulging into these tactics. This includes the JC Penney, the department store that will be the focus. JC Penney has been going through a lot in recent years. New leadership within JC Penney has been challenged in how to reinvigorate its merchandising, supply, and pricing strategies in the competitive department store wars. This paper will concentrate on the pricing aspects of JC Penny new directions. First, a brief description of Johnson’s pricing strategy, also providing background on the company and department store industry. Secondly, an explanation of why Ron Johnson’s pricing strategy did not work. The environmental factors such as economy, the competition, and changing consumer behavior will be the focus. Next, what could have Johnson done better? While explaining this, take into account JC Penney's segmentation,
Hoboken, N.J. Chichester: Frommer's John Wiley distributor. Moss, M. (2007). Shopping as an Entertainment Experience.
Most retailers know that the appearance of their stores plays a big part in determining consumer behavior. As such, they seek to use it to their advantage. Sport Chek sells various types of sports merchandise mainly to middle and upper class citizens of Canada. The company has many stores and online portals. The design of the stores communicates to customers that goods in the store are of high quality. Therefore, customers come with the expectation to pay a premium. The main elements that the store uses to influence consumer behavior include the choice of construction materials, careful choice of colors and shapes, and creative use of lighting. These elements have an impact on the affective, cognitive, and behavioral responses of potential customers. The channel strategy used by the company is effective because of Sport Chek’s strong brand name. The company can benefit more from a better channel strategy for its online shopping portal that can help it to take advantage of the global high-end sports market.
Mall appreciators argue that the malls are centers of entertainment and pleasure for mall visitors. George Lewis in “The mall as Refuge”, asserts that “kids come to look around, meet and make friends, stay away from home and hang out- because there is nowhere else to go” (1990, P. 309). He believes that teenagers go to malls to socialize and to escape from the troubles in their lives and at home. Therefore, malls serve as a second home for kids. Similarly, Lewis says that with the controlled environment of malls, with the security and the central location of malls as a good reason why many retired, and old people visit malls. Here they get to meet up with old friends, exercise, eat out, and share experiences with their old friends. These two groups as Lewis claims are misfits in society because; the world considers them as unproductive. Jon Pahl also ...
This article’s main argument is that developers manufacture an illusion of doing more than just shopping when designing malls and shopping centers. The developers and designers disguise the building’s identity while mediating the materialist relations of mass consumption. Goss focuses on five areas in his article. This first area is looking at the mall in a cultural context and the connection between ...
Las Vegas Shopping Malls - A Satisfaction and Enjoyable Las Vegas is popular not just for its fantastic gambling establishments, hotels and resorts however for its shopping center also. Among the most well-known shopping malls and Las Vegas Attractions in the city is the Fashion Show Mall. It lies on the Las Vegas Strip and it is among the world's biggest confined shopping centers. Every Friday, Saturday and Sunday there are complimentary for the buyers fashion reveals in the shopping mall.
When looking at the general attitude of shoppers toward each of the three shopping areas, several important facts are needed to prepare the results. The average response or mean, the size of the sample of our population and clarification on the level of confidence acceptable to the end user of the survey all cont...
middle of paper ... ... “Enjoyment”, which means consumers’ perceptions regarding the potential entertainment of internet shopping, reflects the hedonic motivation of online shopping (Monsuwe et al., 2004). Rather than the completion of a shopping task, online shopping itself is fun and playful. With this advantage, consumers find “enjoyment” in online shopping.
Finally, the mall is a wonderful entertainment center. Not only do people go there to shop, but they also got there for relaxation. There are movies sometimes as many as fifteen or sixteen. In addition, arcades are available for children, teens and adults. Some parents drop their children off at the arcade, give them a roll of quarters and pick them up after they have completed their shopping. For the hungry shopper there is a food court, which provides fast food for those shoppers who want to relax and possibly have a cocktail with their meal, other restaurants are available.