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Freud vs Rogers theory
15 differences between intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation
15 differences between intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation
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Recommended: Freud vs Rogers theory
Roger’s specialized in a humanistic approach to client-centered therapy. He believed that he was more of a ‘spirit guide’ in the therapeutic process than a director. Unlike Freud, he did not put much stock into what goes on in an individual’s unconscious, but rather believed that we are ruled by our mind’s perception of ourselves and what is going on around us. He was convinced that we are governed by our feelings and emotions in the present. He was one of six siblings; roughly in the middle, born in Oak Park, Illinois in 1902 just outside Chicago. He was born into a heavily religious upbringing with strict demands for behavioral morality, a diligent work ethic, and controlled suppression of emotion. He felt that his older brother was more …show more content…
It correlated that the behavior of delinquent children was not as much influenced and could not be as accurately predicted by a child’s environment as it could be by their level of self-insight. “Rogers believed people are motivated by an innate tendency to actualize, maintain, and enhance the self. This drive toward self-actualization is part of a larger actualization tendency, which encompasses all physiological and psychological needs. This is a process that begins before birth, and is accountable for maturity encoded in our genes.” For example, it would be less painful and difficult for a child to continue to crawl rather than attempt walking, but rather than regression, they choose progression because the desire to self-actualize fuels their need to grow and …show more content…
First, these individuals are aware of what is happening in their environment at all times, and without disorientation, denial, or distortion. They are open to all feelings, whether positive or negative, and accept these without question. Second, they live in the moment, and third, they trust their own judgment rather than relying on the opinions of others. Next, they realize that their path is dependent on themselves and their actions, and are able to make choices without reservations. They are creative and able to adapt, and they encounter difficulties that allow them to grow and prosper, continuing their self-actualization in an endless direction of progress. Rogers wholeheartedly embraced the idea of free will in that one has the ability to create themselves, and regarding the nature vs. nurture issue he erred more on the side of the environment and outside forces. Having to do with the topic of universality, he definitely thought that fully actualized individuals shared certain undeniable characteristics. Overall he viewed humanity in a positive
The self-control theory suggested that people engaged in criminal behaviors as they believed that crime was an advisable way of fulfilling their self-interest, which provided them a sense of pleasure immediately. Everyone has different ability to control their impulses for instant satisfaction, the ability mainly developed before puberty and relatively stable over the life span. The probability for engaging in criminal behaviors was greater in people with low self-control than those with high self-control. Moreover, the self-control theory suggested that the relationship between self-control and the involvement in criminal behaviors was less affected by factors like peer influences or cultural influences (Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990). Therefore, self-control theory is totally different from differential association theory. According to Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990), the major cause of children with low self-control may be inefficient parenting. Parents should monitor their children, keep the children under surveillance, and actively react to improper behaviors. They should be able to recognize when deviance occurs, then punished and disapproved that misbehaviors. If the parents failed to do so, children with low self-control may be produced and thus the children may have a greater likelihood to commit in
This theory offers an explanation for how personality flaws developed in youth lead to delinquent behavior later on in life. In this theory, Freud posits that that the personality is comprised of three elements known as the id, ego, and superego (Siegel & Welsh, 2017). The id is indulgent and desires instant gratification. This aspect is present from birth while the ego forms gradually over time. The ego acts as a filter for the id and aids in controlling compulsive tendencies that the id creates. Finally, the superego is fostered through connections with close relatives and instills virtue and ethics. While the superego is the conscientious aspect and the id is the indulgent aspect, the ego acts as a buffer for the two, creating moral behavior. While all three aspects function concurrently, a balance between the three allows individuals to exhibit healthy behavior and responses. When one element is expressed more outwardly than the other two, the balance is disrupted and the personality
Introversion – Prefer to reflect before acting. Have a tendency to consider their own perspective the referee of reality and characterize facades as far as it. May protect themselves against the desires and consideration of others. Are saved, unpredictable and private. Are normally mindful however may not understand their impact on others.
This paper looks at the different theories of criminal behavior that explain why people commit crimes. It goes deeper to analyze the specific theories in a bid to determine why a person may commit a certain crime and another person under the same circumstances may not. The paper focuses on key factors that motivate unruly behavior among people and why such factors are present in some people and not in others. In doing so, the paper leans more on children in order to determine how delinquency behavior is progressively imparted on them as they undergo developmental trajectory.
Self-Control Theory is a Criminological theory in which Hirschi & Gottfredson created and determined that heavily influential parenting stabilizes a child by the age of eight. Hirschi & Gottfredson indicate that early positive stages of parenting determined whether or not children would potentially turn out to be adult offenders. According to Hirschi & Gottfredson, self control begins to deve...
As children grow and develop, their actions become more self-directed and less subject to outside regulation by others (Poulsen, et al., 2006, p....
The presentation of negative stimuli has been found to be one of the forerunning causes of delinquency amongst juveniles. Some examples of undesirable stimuli that an adolescent could be facing are child abuse, neglect, and exploitation, hostile relationships with parents teachers and peers, negative academic experiences, neighborhood difficulties, and poverty. If a juvenile is surrounded by individuals who sell drugs in order to finance a way of life that is easier and more financial than their current way of life, the adolescent id more likely to imitate that behavior by association.
Within the past decade there has been a wide range of research and evidence available based on both sides of the nature or nurture debate. Along with further research that identifies a number of determinants that have some form of influence towards criminal behavior and activity. This researc...
His contributions to human behavior have changed many of the theories that preceded him, and his theory contributed to many theories that followed. I want to explore Client/Person Centered Therapy. This is a type of therapy that was pioneered by Carl Rogers. This therapy is different because as the name suggests it solely focuses on the client. ' In focusing on the client, the client’s feelings are deeply explored.
Developmental theories are broken up into two perspectives; Life-course, and Latent Trait. These perspectives may answer questions on why juveniles have grown to lead a destructive life-style and why others grow out of their delinquency. Latent trait explains that some tendencies we are may be born with and how important it is to be there for our children. Our parenting skills do have a profound effect on how our children may lack self control or have an impulsive behavior.
Sigmund Freud and Albert Ellis are widely recognized as two of the most influential psychotherapists of the twentieth century. “It is argued that the striking differences in their therapeutic systems, Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) and psychoanalysis, respectively, are rooted in more fundamental theoretical differences concerning the essential nature of client personality” (Ziegler 75). This paper will discuss in detail, both Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytical Therapy and Albert Ellis’ Rational Emotive Therapy, as well as compare and contrast both theories.
Latorre, M. (2000). A Holistic View of Psychotherapy: Connecting Mind, Body, and Spirit. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 36:2, 67-68.
The developmental theory is a conglomeration or a collective vision of integrated theories about how desirable change in society is best achieved in an individual development of stages and characteristics over a life course. The developmental theories began with the onset entry into crime and delinquency, an individual’s pathway through life, the individual’s changes in life, and desistance in which an offender stops offending throughout the life-changing course. (Bohm & Vogel, 2011) The developmental theory draws on a variety of social science disciplines and approaches that affect people’s propensity for crime at different times in their lives. (Bohm & Vogel, 2011)
• Self-actualisation. One must be the best they possibly can. • Autonomy and independence. One must show independent behaviours and not rely upon others. • Accurate perception of reality.
The distinction between nature versus nurture or even environment versus heredity leads to the question of: does the direct environment or the nature surrounding an adolescent directly influence acts of delinquency, later progressing further into more radical crimes such as murder or psychotic manifestation, or is it directly linked to the hereditary traits and genes passed down from that individual adolescent’s biological parents? To answer this question one must first understand the difference between nature, nurture, environment, and heredity. Nurture, broken down further into environment, is defined as various external or environmental factors one is exposed to which can be more specifically broken down into social and physical aspects. Nature, itself broken down into heredity, is defined as the genetics and the individual characteristics in one’s personality or even human nature.