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Ethical behaviour in management
Ethical dilemmas facing managers and employees at workplace
Ethical behaviour in management
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a. Describe the ethical conflict that Robert Manning is facing.
Robert Manning is facing an ethical conflict common to many managers. However, to appreciate the subject, it is appropriate to understand what an ethical conflict is. Ethical conflicts arise when individuals are confronted with a collision between general belief systems about morality, ethics or justice and their own personal situations (Rush, n.d.). In other words, ethical conflict indicates a situation where one has to choose between wrong and right which might lead to a personal gain or injury.
In the case of Robert Manning, the conflict is whether to prepare and submit an estimate of low sales revenue (The amount realized from selling goods or services in the normal operations
...hould be clearly outlined. Goals and Objective must be discussed, and the implementation process. If I were to side on this budget, it would be Janet Dobbs’s. I believe she had clear financial plans as to how much money should be allocated and where on behalf of the organization. Her only downfall, I would say is not keeping the mission in mind. She only had one goal in mind and that was to eliminate the debt, once the debt was eliminated, what other goals would the company strive to obtain. I understand the board members are not worried about the debt at the moment, but to only focus on touching the public through art, and not the finance of the organization as well, will result in the company eventually closing.
Ethical decision-making is the responsibility of everyone, regardless of position or level within an organization. Interestingly, the importance of stressing employee awareness, improving decisions, and coming to an ethical resolution are the greatest benefits to most companies in today’s world (Weber, 2015).
An ethical dilemma is defined as a moral issue, where a situation has two equivalent undesirable alternatives and neither choice will resolve the ethical predicament.
The 3 percent decline in sales causing a 21 percent decline in profits can be attributed to the identification of the accounting concept of operating leverage. Operating leverage is what business managers apply to boost small changes in revenue into sizable changes in profitability. Fixed cost is the force managers use to attain disproportionate changes between revenue and profitability. Therefore, when all costs are fixed every sales dollar contributes one dollar toward the potential profitability of a project. Once sales dollars cover fixed costs, each additional sales dollar represents pure profit. A small change in sales volume can significantly affect profitability (Edmonds, Tsay, & Olds, 2011). So, therefore, if sales volume increases,
Joseph L. Badaracco, Jr.’s book, “Defining Moments”, focuses on the ethical decision making process of “right versus right” from a management standing point. In reality, ethical decision making has two types of conflicts:”right versus wrong” and “right versus right”. “Right versus right” decisions are considered as the “grey” areas of ethical decision making. Badaracco saw the need to focus on it as “right versus right” decisions play a large role in ethical decision making for managers in real –life. To do so, he written “Defining Moments” as a way of showing the significance of “right versus right” decisions, their effect on decision making, and methods on resolve the dilemma posed by “right versus right”. Badaracco mention that “right versus right problems typically involve choices between two or more courses of action, each of which is a complicated bundle of ethical responsibilities, personal commitments, moral hazards, and practical pressures and constraints” (Badaracco, 6). It is considered a distressful and difficult moment for managers as they have to juggle between their personal values and the expectations of others. It is also what Badaracco interprets as “defining moments”.
To apply this system of moral values effectively, one must understand the structural levels at which ethical dilemmas occur, who is involved in the dilemmas, and how a particular decision will affect them. In addition, one must consider how to formulate possible courses of action. Failing in any of these three areas may lead to an ineffective decision, resulting in more pain than cure.” Ken Blanchard states, “Many leaders don’t operate ethically because they don’t understand leadership; these executives may have MBA’s from Ivey League schools or have attended leadership training; they may routinely read the best-selling management books, however, they don’t understand what it means to be a leader.” They don’t model a way of ethical behaviors.
The text defines ethical dilemma as situations that have two or more values in conflict (Woodside & McClam, 2015). As a human service professional, there may be times when situations may emerge and an individual might be uncertain of the proper action to take. A human service professional must look at all points of view. In addition, they must establish a list of problems and examine the multiple viewpoints. Furthermore, they must develop potential outcomes and analyze the impact each decision may have. This will assist the profession to have the ability to have an understanding of critical thinking, professional code of ethics, and to form rapport (p. 270). Ethical behavior has six principles that is shared among members of the human
Evaluation and review should be an ongoing process of learning, embedding a process of continual improvement and development. The key to evaluating is knowing what we are measuring. We cannot monitor and evaluate the team’s progress towards agreed objectives without clear advance planning of what we want to do and how it will be achieve. Effective strategic and operational planning, incorporating clear measurable objectives, is therefore an important
CEO compensation has been a heated debate for many years recently, and it can be argued that they are either overpaid or that there payment is justified by the amount of work they do and their performance. To answer the question about whether CEO compensation is justified it must be looked at by the utilitarian viewpoint where the good of many outweighs the good of one. It is true that many CEO’s are paid an exorbitant amount of money; however, their payment is justified by the amount of money that they bring back to the company and the shareholders. There are many factors that impact the pay that the CEO receives according to Shah et.al CEO compensation relies on more than just the performance of the CEO, there are a number of factors that play a rule in the compensation of the CEO including the fellow people who help govern the corporation (Board of Directors, Audit Committee), the size of the company, and the performance that the CEO accomplishes (2009). In this paper the focus will be on the performace aspect of the CEO.
At times in a person’s life, they might come across a few situations that leave them with a major decision between two or more options that challenge what they believe or what they might think is wrong or right. These are known as ethical dilemmas. Be it seeing a friend steal something and choosing between being honest and speaking up or letting it go. It can also be getting paid more than you earned and deciding if you’re going to be greedy and keep the money or return it. We run into these situations in our lives, some bigger and more influential on our destiny’s while others are small with no real consequences.
For this paper Washington Mutual has been selected to show how the ethical decision making process can be achieve. When it comes to business ethics in the workplace Washington Mutual has designed what can be considered a well balanced workplace with behaviors that are aligned with their moral values and business ethics. Business ethics are sometimes depicted as resolving conflicts where one option can appear to be the correct choice. There are many different ethical dilemmas that are faced by managers and leaders everyday that are highly complex and have no clear choice or guidelines to assist in making the choices for resolution. There are times when an employee has to decide whether or not to cheat, lie, steal, or break their contract. These ethical decisions are real-life situations where they are forced to make on a daily basis. This is why it is ultimately important that all employee know the six steps to ethical decision making that the company uses.
An ethical dilemma is a form of problem facing an individual, which includes complex and often conflicting principles of ethical behaviour. A typical example of an ethical dilemma is a salesman; when selling a certain type of product he may face the dilemma of telling the truth about a product and end up losing a sale and his commission. However, he may feel that being truthful reveals he wants the best for the customers and is being more considerate about them. It all depends on how you deal and understand a situation.
Everyone in this world has experienced an ethical dilemma in different situations and this may arise between one or more individuals. Ethical dilemma is a situation where people have to make complex decisions and are influenced based on personal interests, social environment or norms, and religious beliefs (“Strategic Leadership”, n.d.). Leaders and managers in the company should set guidelines to ensure employees are aware and have a better chance to solve and make ethical decisions. Employees are also responsible for understanding their ethical obligations in order to maintain a positive work environment. The purpose of this case study is to identify the dilemma and analyze different decisions to find ways on how a person should act ethically when left with an ethical dilemma.
"Ethics are personal and, at the same time, a very public display of your attitudes and beliefs. It is because of ethical beliefs that we humans may act differently in different in situations" (University of Phoenix, 2007). Poor ethical choices in the workplace can truly hurt people. Poor ethics can damage their career, happiness, and quality of living. Not only can these actions hurt the individual who has made the bad choices, but also most often it hurts the innocent. This essay will provide two actual case studies; one of positive ethical principles and the other of poor ethical principles.
[2] An Ethical dilemma is defined as “a situation that arises when all alternative choices or behaviours have been deemed undesirable because of potentially negative ethical consequences, making it difficult to distinguish right from wrong” (Samson and Daft, 2005, p.158)