The article from the mainstream scientific American magazine called “Life's Rocky Start” by Robert M. Hazen is about the formation of Earth that took place four and a half billion years ago. It focuses on one of science's oldest question, how did air, rock, water and minerals helped life to emerge on Earth ? One of the famous experiment done by Stanley L. Miller discovered a way to build life's blocks out of early earth's supply of water and gas, but coudn't locate where these units will link into the complex molecular structure. This leads scientists to think that rock could have assisted life emergence through chemistry and later new experiment reavealed that “The critical transformations might not have been possible without the help of minerals …show more content…
acting as containers, scaffolds, templates, catalysts and reactants.” Half of a century ago, some origins scientists acknowledge that there's a possibility of minerals providing attractive different surfaces to key molecules to accumulate and assume that clay minerals has exceptional potential to attract organic molecules. In the late 1970s, an Israeli reasearcher indicate that amino acids can concentrate on the surface of the clay and connenting them into a small chain will give almost the same appearance as biological protein. But, recently a researcher by Gustaf Arrhenius of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography reveal that not only clay, but other layered minerals can attract and gather together a variety of organic molecules. Later, Rebsselaer's team point out that “Clays can act as scaffolds for the building blocks of RNA, the molecule in living organisms that translates genetic instructions into protein.” Furthermore, some scientists believed that the world probably begin with 50 percent mixture of L (left-handed) amino acid or 50 percent mixture of D (right-handed) amino acid and then the selection of one version over the other probably have been based on the features of the physical environment. On the other hand, Hazen concludes that the obvious applicants for physical environment are crytals faces because their're mirrior image of each other. After knowing that calcite's chemical structure in mollusk shells has bonded very strongly with amino acid, Hazen saw the possibility that calcite's surface can be the site that can feature chemical bonding of one amino acid over the other. Another research by Thomas McCollom clearly shows that the F-T reaction is the process that “Manufactures large organic molecules from simple inorganic chemical throughout earth's hydrothermal zones today, then it very likely did so in the planet's prebiological past.” This relates to what we have covered in Historical Geology class because we did discuss how uniformitarianism (actualism) is the principle asserting that processes operating in the present world can be used to interrupt events of the past and it's known as the dominent approach of most geologists today.
Finally, it's very clear that the emergence of life is way more complicated than it seems and that's the reason why it's hard to visualize as a single event. Therefore, scientists are way far away from establishing a life in the laboratory because they were unable to find and provide evidence of exactly what caused life to emerge on earth 4.5 billion years ago. But, one thing that they can say confidently is that minerals, certainly played very complex and fundamental role in the origin of life. Another way this article relates to the material we have covered in class is by minerals because we did analyzed in chapter one that minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solid elements or compounds with a particular chemical composition or range of composition and a characteristic internal structure. Properties of minerals include silicate, halide, carbonate and
oxide.
“What do you do with your mom when she can’t do anything – anything at all- for herself?” (Wolff 219). The question I’m sure we all fear, but we all must answer. In Michael Wolff’s “A life Worth Ending” he brilliantly writes about prolonging the life of his dying mother, and the issues that come as a consequence. He writes, “By promoting longevity and technologically inhibiting death, we have created a new biological status held by an ever-growing part of the nation, a no-exit state that persists longer and longer, one that is nearly as remote for life as death, but which, unlike death requires vast service, indentured servitude really, and resources.” (Wolff 207). As a human I know we all must die one day, so what is the real purpose in trying
...nning millennia. At some point, a single force may have been responsible for the chain reaction that resulted in the existence of eroded rock. However, this still fails to point towards a god or conscious creator.
“Here I am, saying [HIV] can happen to everybody… Even me, Magic Johnson” (Johnson 292). Tragedies happen to everybody, even superstars. However, it is how people deal with these tragedies that develops true character. In My Life, by Earvin Johnson, his story demonstrates perseverance, hard-work, and leadership. With these values, Johnson overcame adversity and rose to the heroic status that he now holds.
In the novel Feed by M.T Anderson, the reader is introduced to several characters, who are living in a world that is advanced beyond anything we could imagine in the world we live in today. It becomes evident from the first chapter that the author is giving the reader a look into a futuristic lifestyle that is completely controlled and governed due to technology. The novel brings many ideas and themes to the surface, however, the main theme that appeared universal throughout the entire book was invisibility. The idea of being invisible is seen in several instances and it essentially gives the main characters, hope that they could one day have this freedom. The reader sees their desperate desire to be human, and to disassociate themselves from
Gould saw this as an opening-a mystery even, which later inspired his book ‘Wonderful Life: Why Us?’ (Adler 2013). Finally, the realization has come: due to such things in the Burgess Shale, for whatever reason, we (humans) are here-living and thriving- and we are more than lucky to be here, because without the unique conditions, reconstruction, and years of evolution, we would most definitely not be here.
(bethinking.org) Life demands a certain chemistry. The information that makes up any living being is stored on a long molecule called DNA. (answeringenesis.org) If the laws of chemistry were different life as we know it would not be possible. The question of how the universe came to be as it is and how we as humans came about often resonates deeply, particularly with scientists. Many conversations between scientist Christians and other scientists about God and Christ end up considering biological evolution or the Big Bang. Chemistry’s contribution to the story of our origins the transformation of inanimate matter into the first living organisms is much less well understood than other areas of our origins. However, many parts of the process are increasingly understood and we may eventually know the molecular details of the origin of life. As Christians, we need to think through how we would respond to a developed theory in this area.
?If you remain imprisoned in self denial then days, weeks, months, and years, will continue to be wasted.? In the play, 7 stories, Morris Panych exhibits this denial through each character differently. Man, is the only character who understands how meaningless life really is. All of the characters have lives devoid of real meaning or purpose, although they each have developed an absurd point or notion or focus to validate their own existence. In this play, the characters of Charlotte and Rodney, are avoiding the meaninglessness of their lives by having affairs, drinking, and pretending to kill each other to enhance excitement into their life.
Primordial Soup Theory claims that life began in a pond or a ocean because of a combination of chemicals from the atmosphere and some form of energy to make amino acids, the monomers of proteins, which would then evolve into all the species. In this theory, the basic building blocks of life came from simple molecules which form the atmosphere.This was then energized by lightning and rain.According to this theory the first organism’s would have to be simple heterotrophs.They would become autotrophs through mutation.However,evidence now suggests that the first organisms were autotrophs..The scientists involved in the hypothesis were A.I Oparin,J.B.S.Haldane, Stanley Miller,Harold Urey, Sidney Fox.Oparin and Haldane both
There are several theories about how the Cambrian Explosion started. There were major changes in marine environments and chemistry from the late Precambrian into the Cambrian, and these also may have impacted the rise of mineralized skeletons among previously soft-bodied organisms. One theory as to what happened is that oxygen in the atmosphere, with the contribution of photosy...
Over the past century, the Burgess Shale has revealed important information about the development of earth’s history. The excavation of the Burgess Shale formation provided evidence for what was once just a theory in evolution. The taphonomic findings of the Burgess Shale have played a significant role in understanding the large diversity that resulted from the Cambrian explosion, advancing the study of evolutionary assemblages for Paleontologists worldwide.
This hypothesis emerged when scientists found organic molecules in meteorites from the universe. Some investigators wondered if the abiotic production of organic materials in the soil was absolutely basic to the origin of life. Maybe some organic materials from elsewhere in the universe had arrived in the early earth.
The field of geology has many different branches. Some of these areas have hardly anything in common. The one thing that they all include, though, is that each one concentrates on some part of the Earth, its makeup, or that of other planets. Mineralogy, the study of minerals above the Earth and in its crust, is different from Petrology, the st...
Francis Crick, co-discoverer of DNA, has said that “the origin of life appears to be almost a miracle, so many are the conditions which would have to be satisfied to get it going” (Horgan 27).2 Noted evolutionary astronomer Frederick Hoyle has described the chances of life having evolved from nonlife to be about as likely as the chances that “a tornado sweeping through a junkyard might assemble a Boeing 747 from the materials therein” (Johnson 106). Why do respected scientists doubt what textbooks teach as fact? It would appear that these scientists know something that current theories describing the origin of life fail to explain. While current theories describe scenarios in which genetic material such as RNA becomes entrapped in a protective cell membrane as a likely recipe for the formation of life, they generally do not focus on the difficulties of forming and concentrating all of these components in the first place.3 To clarify, current theories suffer from what I call the “cookbook mentality.
• Geologists have discovered meteorites on the earth that have existed for many thousands of millions of years, way before the earth came into existence.