The South get its name as “The New South” after dramatic changes in the southern states during the post-civil war. It was just before the popularity of the “New South” there was always issues between Whites and Negros. North and South has vast economic instability, and only after the civil war, Southerners starts to push for the economic development, and that was the time when South was changing momentarily. Henry Grady, a famous newspaper editor has his say on the New South. In his speech, He addresses that the South during post-civil war was changing for the good. Negros (slaves) were freed, schools were built for both Whites and Blacks, economy in the South started increasing, commercial interests rates were reducing, almost everything …show more content…
was on people’s favor and these things were leading to peace and harmony. Henry Grady believed that all these things were much well deserved, especially for the Negros. “No section shows a more prosperous laboring population than the Negros of the south,” (The New South) He said. Old south was heavily relied on agriculture and slavery, meanwhile the new south possess the perfect democracy. Henry also describes that, the new south was proud of her work, she experience equality among the people for the first time, and she hold her head high. Booker T.
Washington, a dominant black leader back then, suggested his fellow black peoples to concentrate on self-improvement and to stay grounded rather than celebrate their freedom to the fullest. He did non feel strange about the Negro’s freedom because he always believed that it would happen sooner than later. “It is not strange that in the first years of our new life we began at the top instesad of at the bottom,” He said (Atlanta Exposition Address). There was humanity building in on the south regardless of races. No race has anything to do to contribute for the society. He called for people to cast their problems, and help will certainly come from the neighborhood. “Cast down your bucket where you are”—cast it down in making friends in every manly way of the people of all races by whom we are surrounded, ( Atlanta Exposition Address), He said. And by doing all these people will be followed by peace, patience and faithful world. All different southern societies can separate as fingers but should work as a hand, so that it would leads to the mutual progress of the New South as a …show more content…
whole. W. E .B Du Bois, meanwhile criticize Washington’s philosophy saying that “His programme of education, conciliation of the South, and submission and silence as to civil and political rights, was not wholly original.” (Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others). Nine millions Negros living in the south back then could make huge impact on economic development, he said. Du Bois stated that Negros should be arouse and encourage by the initiative of the richer and wiser group deprived of the political rights. Du Bois also opposes Washington’s preaches of Negros being thrift and patience, by saying “ Negro must strive and strive mightily to help himself” (Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others). Although the New South has lots of positives, there were negatives too, and one of that was Lyinching.
Lynching was considered a proper punishment for an African- American men convicted of raping white women. Ida B. wells-Barnett, an African-American journalist, raise the issue against lynching. Ida stated in her speech “what the white man means when he charges black man with rape, Does he mean the crime which the statutes of the states describe as such, not by any means,”(A red Record) as lynching was not a state or Government law, rather a punishement for Negros by the mob . Mobs would not give the black victims to make a lawfull defense. Even though there were no complain by the white women of being raped, mobs would decide to punish African- American men. Negros have already suffered more than hundred years of slavery, they are no more guilty of this type of horrible charges., they do not deserve this at all, Ida B. Wells described.Negros were condidered a vile monster by the mob. Ida provides a statistical data of how many men were lynched during late nineteenth century in her article. She protest anit-lynching campaign and was
succesfull. The formation of the “New South” has so much positive impacts on the United States both economically and socially. South pushed for the economic development, industrialization, racial harmony and equality after the civil war. That was the time when south starts changing rapidly.
John Shelton Reed says that the South embodies three different regions. Do all of these regions still exist? Or have they become incorporated into what is considered the South today? “The Three Souths,” by Reed, divides the South into three categories: Dixie, Southeast, and Cultural South. Southern agriculture and the growth of cotton established Dixie. The Southeast region is a metropolitan region that relies on commerce and communication to grow. The valued qualities, such as religion, sports, and manners are characteristic ways that set apart the Cultural South. According to Reed, Atlanta is the only place one can be in all three “Souths” at once. The daily life of a person in the South is very similar to the daily life of a person in another part of the country. Each work a normal workday but their use of free time sets them apart (Reed 17-27). The South of the past still exists today through traditional Southern values passed down in families and carried throughout the nation, yet the division of the South no longer exists as a three part entity, but as a growing, changing region.
After the Civil War, it became evident that changes in the South had to be made. The old way had certainly not worked, and it was time for variation. Therefore, there was much political, economic, and social reforms introduced in the South between 1864 and 1877. After 1877, many of the changes stayed with the exception of Civil Rights.
means of depriving blacks of their rights. During Ida B. Wells-Barnett time, lynching was a
Southern Horror s: Lynch Law in All Its Phases by Ida B. Wells took me on a journey through our nations violent past. This book voices how strong the practice of lynching is sewn into the fabric of America and expresses the elevated severity of this issue; she also includes pages of graphic stories detailing lynching in the South. Wells examined the many cases of lynching based on “rape of white women” and concluded that rape was just an excuse to shadow white’s real reasons for this type of execution. It was black’s economic progress that threatened white’s ideas about black inferiority. In the South Reconstruction laws often conflicted with real Southern racism. Before I give it to you straight, let me take you on a journey through Ida’s
After the Civil War, African Americans encountered great discrimination and suffering. During this era, two influential leaders emerged from different philosophical camps. Brooker T. Washington of Virginia and William Edward Burghardt Dubois of Massachusetts proposed, different means to improve African Americans’ conditions. These men had a common goal: to enrich the black community. However, the methods they advocated to reach these goals significantly differed.
Ida B. Wells was born into slavery, and lived in Holly Springs Mississippi. She was later freed, and learned from her parents what it meant to be a political activist. By 1891, Wells was the owner of the newspaper, Free Speech, and was reporting on the horrors that were occurring in the south. Wells, along with other people of the African American activist community were particularly horrified about the lynching’s that were occurring in the south. As a response to the lynching that was occurring, and other violent acts that the African American community was dealing with Wells wrote three pamphlets: Southern Horrors, The Red Record, and Mob Brutality. Muckraking and investigative journalism can be seen throughout these pamphlets, as well as Wells intent to persuade the African American community, and certain members of the white community to take a stand against the crime of lynching. Wells’ writings are an effective historical text, because she serves as a voice to an underrepresented African American community.
Ida B. Wells-Barnett is an investigative journalist who wrote in honesty and bluntness about the tragedies and continued struggles of the Negro man. She was still very much involved with the issue even after being granted freedom and the right to vote. Statistics have shown that death and disparity continued to befall the Negro people in the South where the white man was “educated so long in that school of practice” (Pg. 677 Par. 2). Yet in all the countless murders of Negroes by the white man only three had been convicted. The white man of the South, although opposed to the freedom of Negroes would eventually have to face the fact of the changing times. However, they took every opportunity and excuse to justify their continued horrors. There were three main excuses that the white man of the South came up w...
Booker T. Washington was an African American leader who established an African-American college in 1181. Then in 1895 delivered the Atlanta Compromise Speech to an audience of mainly Southerners, but some Northerners were present. In his speech he made a few points. He said, “No race can prosper till it learns that there is as much dignity in tilling a field as in writing a poem.” Washington believed that the African American race needed to learn first that manual labor was just as important as the work of intellects. He thought that until they learned this they were not worthy of becoming intellects themselves. The color line is thus important in teaching them this lesson. He also said, “It is important and right that all privileges of the law be ours, but it is vastly more important that we be prepared for the exercise of these privileges.” His opinion was that one day blacks would deserve to have equal rights with the whites, but right now in 1895 the blacks needed to be...
He seemed to have “supported segregation and the disenfranchisement of Blacks,” despite being “involved in politics” while speaking on the “prevention of disenfranchisement” (Seaton 55). Washington did what he believed was best for the helpless Americans, but in doing so, the perception he gave to them and DuBois was that “the white stereotype holds over Blacks and how they are positioned to be aware of it” (Seaton 55). In “The Souls of Black Folk,” DuBois even states about the “distinct status of civil inferiority for the Negro” under Washington’s policy (DuBois 1331). In Washington’s Atlanta speech, his motive was “to show whites that Blacks were making incremental progress and to ease the tension that was building all throughout the country” (Seaton 55). It can be said that Washington was publicly working under the ideology of white-supremacists, compensating them instead of the Black community. On the other hand, DuBois wanted to “integrate the African-American people into the modern affairs of America and allow for them to forge lives and gain inclusion into American society” (Seaton 56). He wanted to include minorities in the “American social body,” whereas Washington didn’t strongly oppose segregation, but only wanted to ease tensions with white-supremacists (Seaton
Both Washington and DuBois wanted the same thing for blacks—first-class citizenship—but their methods for obtaining it differed. Because of the interest in immediate goals contained in Washington’s economic approach, Whites did not realize that he anticipated the complete acceptance and integration of Negroes into American life. He believed blacks, starting with so little, would have to begin at the bottom and work up gradually to achieve positions of power and responsibility before they could demand equal citizenship—even if it meant temporarily assuming a position of inferiority. DuBois understood Washington’s program, but believed that it was not the solution to the “race problem.” Blacks should study the liberal arts, and have the same rights as white citizens.
Washington 's programme naturally takes an economic cast” (Du Bois). Du Bois believed that Washington’s theory was a gospel of Work and Money that ultimately overshadowed the higher aims of life” Later he makes another statement so powerful that should have made all African Americans want to stand up and fight for a better social status and rights for both the South and North. He goes on stating “The growing spirit of kindliness and reconciliation between the North and South after the frightful differences of a generation ago ought to be a source of deep congratulation to all, and especially to those whose mistreatment caused the war; but if that reconciliation is to be marked by the industrial slavery and civic death of those same black men, with permanent legislation into a position of inferiority, then those black men, if they are really men, are called upon by every consideration of patriotism and loyalty to oppose such a course by all civilized methods, even though such opposition involves disagreement with Mr. Booker T. Washington.” (Du
Lewis’s viewpoint is not without it’s truths. The Harlem renaissance was overseen by a number of intellectuals such as Booker T. Washington, Marcus Garvey, and W.E.B. Dubois. Booker T. Washington‘s, a highly influential speaker of the age, words appealed to both Caucasians and African-Americans. Washington forged an interracial bridge of communication through his unique tactics in the quest for equality. He believed in more subtle ways of gaining equality through hard work, cunning, and humility. He stated, “The wisest among my race understands that the agitation of questions of social equality is the extremist folly, and that progress in the enjoyment of all the privileges that will come to us must be the result of severe and constant struggle rather than of artificial forcing.”(Salley, 15) With this statement, Washington himself denies that this new awakening in equality and arts could be forced,...
The North and South were forming completely different economies, and therefore completely different geographies, from one another during the period of the Industrial Revolution and right before the Civil War. The North’s economy was based mainly upon industrialization from the formation of the American System, which was producing large quantities of goods in factories. The North was becoming much more urbanized due to factories being located in cities, near the major railroad systems for transportation of the goods, along with the movement of large groups of factory workers to the cities to be closer to their jobs. With the North’s increased rate of job opportunities, many different people of different ethnic groups and classes ended up working together. This ignited the demise of the North’s social order. The South was not as rapidly urbanizing as the North, and therefore social order was still in existence; the South’s economy was based upon the production of cotton after Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin. Large cotton plantations’ production made up the bulk of America’s...
This approach to gaining equality would not work during that time. Actions like Du Bois insisted upon would have caused uprisings and potential violence. However, Washington’s ideas appealed to both African Americans and white people. Washington told the African American population to set aside their desire for political and social acceptance and build up their economic security. He believed that a man of any race could find as much dignity and respect in tilling a field, or learning skill, as there was in writing a poem.
Booker T. Washington was a young black male born into the shackles of Southern slavery. With the Union victory in the Civil War and the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863, Washington’s family and blacks in the United States found hope in a new opportunity, freedom. Washington saw this freedom as an opportunity to pursue a practical education. Through perseverance and good fortunes, Washington was able to attain that education at Hampton National Institute. At Hampton, his experiences and beliefs in industrial education contributed to his successful foundation at the Tuskegee Institute. The institute went on to become the beacon of light for African American education in the South. Booker T. Washington was an influential voice in the African American community following the Civil War. In his autobiography, Up from Slavery, Washington outlines his personal accounts of his life, achievements, and struggles. In the autobiography, Washington fails to address the struggle of blacks during Reconstruction to escape the southern stigma of African Americans only being useful for labor. However, Washington argues that blacks should attain an industrial education that enables them to find employment through meeting the economic needs of the South, obtaining moral character and intelligence, and embracing practical labor. His arguments are supported through his personal accounts as a student at Hampton Institute and as an administrator at the Tuskegee Institute. Washington’s autobiography is a great source of insight into the black education debate following Reconstruction.