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According to strategic Human Resource Management Foundation (2008), a human resource strategy means a system of human resource practices for a specific job or a collection of jobs aimed at the best employee performance to meet the firms’ ultimate goals. It is the broad array of HR practices that matter in terms of employee performance. The concept that the strategic capability of a firm depends on its resource capability in the shape of people (the resource-based view) provide the foundation for resourcing strategy. Employee resourcing strategy is concerned with ensuring that the organization obtains and retains the right personnel it needs and employs them resourcefully. It is a key part of the strategic human resource management process, …show more content…
The selection and recruitment of workers best suited to meeting the needs of the organization ought to form a core activity upon which other human resource management policies focused towards development and motivation could be build. The endeavor of this strategy is, therefore, to ensure that a firm achieves competitive advantage by employing more capable people than its competitors in the market. These people will have a wider and deeper range of skills and will perform in ways that will maximize their involvement (Armstrong, 2010).The organization attracts such people by being ‘the employer of choice’. It retains them by providing better rewards and opportunities in work environment than others and by developing a positive psychological contract that increases commitment and creates mutual trust. Furthermore, the organization deploys its people in ways that maximize the added value they supply. Resourcing Strategies exist to provide people and skills required to support the business …show more content…
Armstrong, M(2009), found that a good resourcing strategy must determine: the number of people required to meet the business needs, the skills and behavior required to support the execution of business strategies, the impact of organizational restructuring as a consequence of decentralization, delayering, mergers, product or market development, or the introduction of new technology, the plans for changing the culture of the organization in such areas as ability to deliver, performance standards, customer services, team working and flexibility that indicate the needs for people with different attitudes, beliefs and personal characteristics. These factors will be strongly influenced by the kind of activity and the nature of business strategy adopted by the institution. Resourcing strategies thus go beyond recruitment and selection and even include rewarding people for the acquisition of extra skills. Resourcing strategies exist to support the business strategy but they should also contribute to the formulation of the
Noe, Raymond A., et al. Human Resource Management: Gaining a Competitive Advantage. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2010. Print.
Lengnick-Hall M.L.; Lengnick-Hall, C.A.; Andrade, L.S.; Drake, B. 2009. “Strategic human resource management: The evolution of the field.” Human Resource Management Review, 19, pp. 64-85.
Organizations’ other resources can be hired, retained and discarded at any time but human resources needs special treatment. It needs to be carefully hired, deserve an extra effort to retain it and requires training & development to upgrade and improve its capabilities. Other resources depreciate with the passage of time but when the human resource gains more and more experience, it becomes more beneficial for the organizations. These characteristics have brought human resources to be the central element for the success of an organization. (Mohammed, Bhatti, Jariko, and Zehri, 2013, pg. 129, para. 2)
In the 1980’s, the birth of a new concept called ‘Human Resource Management’ was born. This trend comes after an intense period of Taylorisation, Fordism and now, McDonaldisation. HRM came to counter balance these trends and to consider the concept of the Man as a Man and not as a machine. For the last several decades, the interests of companies in "strategic management" have increased in a noteworthy way. This interest in strategic management has resulted in various organizational functions becoming more concerned with their role in the strategic management process. The Human Resource Management (HRM) field has sought to become integrated into the strategic management process through the development of a new discipline referred to as Strategic Resource Management (SHRM). In current literature, the difference between SHRM and HRM is often unclear because of the interconnections linking SHRM to HRM. However, the concepts are slightly different. Thus, we can ask, what is strategic human resource management? What are the main theories and how do they work? What do they take into account and how are they integrated? What are the links between SHRM and organization strategy? In order to answer to these questions, we will precisely define strategic human resource management, followed by a look at the different approaches built by theorists, and finally, we will see the limits between the models and their applications depending on the company’s environment. Discussion Strategic Human Resource Management: definition Strategic human resource management involves the military word ‘strategy’ which is defined by Child in 1972 as "a set of fundamental or critical choices about the ends and means of a business". To be simpler, a strategy is "a statement of what the organization wants to become, where it wants to go and, broadly, how it means to get there." Strategy involves three major key factors: competitive advantages (Porter, 1985; Barney, 1991), distinctive capabilities (Kay, 1999) and the strategic fit (Hofer & Schendel 1986). Strategies must be developed with a relevant purpose to sustain the organizational goals and aims. SHRM is one of the components of the organizational strategies used to sustain the business long-term. SHRM defined as: “all those activities affecting the behaviour of individuals in their efforts to formulate and implement the strategic needs of the business. (Schuler, 1992)” or as “the pattern of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to enable the firm to achieve its goals.
In the globalized world, in which we now live economies are rapidly growing, in turn pushing firms to compete in products and service delivery. The best services and products have been produced due to the increase in the bettering of the human resources. A firm needs to implement unique survival techniques within its environment for competitive advantage. Sources have ultimately evolved from being financial resources to technological resources and now its human capital. These propose that the success of a firm is dependent on the attitudes of the employees, skills and competencies. These are the ability to build trust and assurance, communicate effectively and work within a diverse group (Armstrong, 2010). This essay will examine closely how the Resource Based View (RBV) helps organisations build resources that are essential in sustaining a competitive advantage. First, the key concepts used in the essay will be defined. Secondly, models in human resources will be identified, and then thoroughly discussed on how they contribute to generating sustained competitive advantage. Lastly, a conclusion will be presented.
This paper will attempt to give a broad overview from the available literature within three areas. First, the paper will explore the historical relationships of HR and organizational strategy. Second, the paper will give an overview of current practices and trends. Lastly,...
The individual versus collective approach to human capital is the first key issue discussed. There is a problem in combining the individual behavior, skills or experiences on a unit level. The process fails to give an explanation of the mechanisms driving the performance. “Approach such that each incremental addition of human capital will increase performance and fails to explain where the human capital resource originates, how it is created and how it is transformed” (Wright, P., and McMahan, G., 2011). The specific versus general approach aligns the human capital characteristics, along various dimensions, from more general to pure specific. The approach suggests that competitive advantages of the organization can be achieved by development of firm-specific human capital. The general human capitol characteristics are wildly used by many firms, for a market level compensation. Therefore, general human capital skills can be easily found and obtained. On the other hand, the specific characteristics approach only has value within the organization itself. Therefore, the strategic HRM should reimburse the specific human capital in order to encourage and retain employees. However, the general human capital can also be a source of a sustainable competitive advantage. The sustainability of the human capital emphasizes “better recruitment and retention of employees, cost savings, and improved corporate reputation and relations with stakeholders and financial returns” (Zohreh, M; Napsiah, I; Zulkiflle, L; Norzima, Z., 2013). Skills versus motivation versus behavior theory concentrates on building motivational bridges between human capital and behavior. Supporters of such a theory argue that the characteristics of an employee (skills, knowledge, education, etc.) only provides a base but,
Introduction A comprehensive Human Resource Management Strategy plays a vital role in the achievement of an organisation’s overall strategic objectives and visibly illustrates that the human resources function fully understands and supports the direction in which the organisation is moving. A comprehensive HRM Strategy will also support other specific strategic objectives undertaken by the marketing, financial, operational and technology departments. In essence, an HRM strategy’s aim should be to capture the ‘people’ part of an organisation and its medium to long-term projection of what it wants to achieve, ensuring that. It employs the right people, those have the right mix of skills, employees show the correct behaviours and attitudes, and employees have the opportunity to be developed the right way.
An organizational human resources department utilizes the hiring and firing process to meet the organization’s personnel needs. Organizational human resource departments are charged with the oversight of an organizations administration department. The practice of hiring and firing people is a process employer’s conducts on a daily basis. This process has to be done in a proper manner and not in haste. The implication that can occur from the improper hiring and firing process could and can have a positive or negative impact on an organization. Therefore, employers must carefully evaluate their decision to hire/fire individuals and its impact on the organizations’ workplace environment and others employees. Human Resource Management is important for an effective organization. In today’s organization, HRM is valuable to the organization because of increase legal complexities and its known for improvement in productivity. However, management should realize that poor human resource management could result in an outburst of hiring process followed by firing or layoffs. According to (Satterlee 2013, p. 194), “Hiring the best candidate who is also a good fit for the organization is crucial for the success of an organization, because a poor hiring decision will have repercussions across the entire organization”. Satterlee made a valid point because poor hiring could have an impact on the bottom line performance of the firm. In other words, HRM is the contributing factor to the success of the organization including motivating and maintain the staffs. The purpose to the motivation is to ensure that all employees grow to a full potential. According to (Sims 2006, p. 5), “HRM efforts are planned, systematic approaches to increasing organizati...
According to our textbook Human Resource Management (HRM) is the policies, practices, and systems that influence employees’ behavior, attitudes, and performance. “The human resources management process involves planning for, attracting, developing, and retaining employees as the HRM planning provides the rights kinds of people, in the right quantity, with the right skills, at the right time (Lussier, 2012, p. 240).” According to our textbook the typical responsibilities of the Human Resources department fall into three categories, and they are administrative services and transaction, which handle hiring employees. The second involves business partner services that focus on attracting, evolving, retaining employees by having a clear understanding
Human Resource management (HRM) can be defined and simplified in various ways. One definition is that HRM is to “get the right people on the bus, the wrong people off the bus, and the right people in the right seats” (Collins, 2001). The People theory is a theory in HRM that includes Recruitement and selection- two major subjects in the HRM function which concerns people and their way to a job for them.This essay will treat and discuss these two topics, recruitment and selection and their importance to the HRM function.
There are various schools of strategy that have been vigorously debated on and after a consolidated effort; three schools of strategy were produced. They are the planning school, the positional school, and the resource based school of strategy (Ritson, 2013). All these strategies will be described with examples to buttress each.
Strategic Human Resource Management can be regarded as a general approach to the strategic management of human resources in accordance with the intentions of the organization on the future direction it wants to take. It is concerned with longer-term people issues and macro-concerns about structure, quality, culture, values, commitment and matching resources to future needs. It is considered as all those activities affecting the behaviour of individuals in their efforts to formulate and implement the strategic needs of business. It is also viewed as the pattern of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to enable the forms to achieve its goals.
One of the causes that influences an organization’s human resource is its strategy. A strategy refers to a plan that in place to guide business operations and activities. The business strategy then provides schedules and activities for the employee, and as a result affects the human resource. The scope is to build on qualifications and capabilities, therefore influences human resource to higher capacity while the unsuitable distribution of tasks may dampen human resource to poor results. Managers in the organization play a significant role in influencing human resource. The type of leadership structure and leadership style implemented by the organization establishes the level of encouragement that a leader and their leadership have on human resource. An ineffective leadership will fail to mobilize human resource into performing required tasks due to poor control of employees. Effective leadership influences human resource management responses to the management’s needs towards competitiveness. Ammi, F. T., & Mushatt, S.
Whether an organization consists of five or 25,000 employees, human resources management is vital to the success of the organization. HR is important to all managers because it provides managers with the resources – the employees – necessary to produce the work for the managers and the organization. Beyond this role, HR is capable of becoming a strong strategic partner when it comes to “establishing the overall direction and objectives of key areas of human resource management in order to ensure that they not only are consistent with but also support the achievement of business goals.” (Massey, 1994, p. 27)