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John B Watson Little Albert experiments
The effects of classical conditioning
The effects of classical conditioning
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Little Albert was a subject of John Watson, in the study of conditioned responses. In class we received three articles to read and analyze. The first article is the study of Little Albert. While, the other two articles are possible ideas of what happened to Albert after he was conditioned to fear white objects. The first article that I read was Conditioned Emotional Reactions; this article was the actual report of the Watson and Rayner experiment on Little Albert. My first reaction to the article was that I felt sorry for Albert B.. He did not choose this for himself. Although, because he was unemotional was the reason he was chosen. Would the experiment have been different if another infant was chosen? I’m sure depending on the infant, yes …show more content…
I say this because Albert was never unconditioned of his fear of white rats, dogs, rabbits, masks and etc. For some people, their fears are very detrimental and will keep them from doing things that they love. So, Albert was trained to fear everyday things, like dogs. Now, if you were walking down the street and see a dog, it can cause some high anxiety, which is not always good. In addition, Albert was conditioned to fear a Santa Claus mask. Many children already are scared of Santa, probably only because he is different looking. Yet, Santa is a fun person for about everyone’s childhood. Therefore, this could be traumatic to Albert’s …show more content…
This question was investigated in the remaining two articles. I think that it is interesting that no one ever really knew what happened to Albert. Watson and Rayner conducted their study on “Albert” about 90 some years ago. In the article Finding Little Albert the authors tried to identify potential Alberts. At first when I was reading the article I thought it would be easy to find Albert, based on the dates that Watson and Rayner provided in the documentation of their study. Then with the birth date of Albert, go the hospital and find the records of babies born on that date. Although, as I continued to read in the first investigation article it was not that simple. Therefore, I agree with the intense investigation of finding the exact date to in which the Albert studies were conducted. Even though the exact age of Albert was given, there were no dates of when the experiment occurred. In the first article, it was apparent that they did extensive research to when the study could have taken place. The different resources they accessed was interesting to me. I say this because any type of documentation they could find with a date related to when the experiment, they used it. For instance, I found it interesting that Beck and others, referenced the letters Watson had sent to Goodnow including the thank you letter. Also, beside that actual birthdate of Albert maybe it was possible that people working in the
I liked how the book made me really want to read it and find out what was going to happen next and what Vithy was going to do. I also like how the book is really enthusiastic and gave me a lot of detail about what was happening and for once made me picture the book and the scene in my head. I was a bit shocked when I heard the part where Mang lead the Soldiers away and Vithy heard gun shots. I think that Vithy and Mang have a good brother to brother relationship because even though Vithy heard gunshots and Mang didn’t come back Vithy hasn’t given up on Mang and he is determined to find Mang and bring him home. I think that this book is not to far fetched because it tells us what really happened and really happening to people that get put into slavery and good readers can picture the book in there head and imagine what it would have been like for the people. The book to me was believable because it would be really hard to just make all of this up right on the spot and then write a 144 page book about it. I would recommend the book Little Brother for anyone that has a good taste in adventure books and true stories I would probably recommend it for anyone with a good taste for adventure books and true stories because, it is a good
In the following essay I will be looking into the study conducted by Watson and Rayner (1920) on a small child known as ‘Little Albert’. The experiment was an adaptation of earlier studies on classical conditioning of stimulus response, one most common by Ivan Pavlov, depicting the conditioning of stimulus response in dogs. Watson and Rayner aimed to teach Albert to become fearful of a placid white rat, via the use of stimulus associations, testing Pavlov’s earlier theory of classical conditioning.
. Little Albert was at a higher risk than minimal risk and he was not protected from harm. The young boy was caused great distress because of the experiment. The experiment was designed to condition an emotional response of fear. The participant would be emotionally traumatized by the experiment and could be at risk for suffering from long-term effects.
The rat would become the main focus of fear during this experiment. Watson recruited a young male, about nine months in age, named Albert B. who was raised as an orphan from birth. From the basic examination, Albert seemed to be a healthy baby, not mentally and physically. Since Albert was able to pass these first test, the researchers would
But too all-good things there are bad. Not liking his brothers, he would get picked on by them. Albert’s relationship with his parents was poor and had conjured in his mind that they didn’t have anytime for him at all or even loved him, but that his governess had shown him more affection towards him. Albert was never allowed to interact with any other children that weren’t in the upper class. He was never allowed to play in parks or even on the streets. At the age of 17 Albert met Margaret Webber to whom he fell in love with and had gotten married to after he left his studies. Wanting to become a mathematician Albert was forced to follow his father’s footsteps and become and architect. Not being able to become a mathematician and becoming an architect Albert had never really gotten to follow his dreams but it did give him the opportunity to work with one of the greatest dictators. Hitler.
The Little Albert experiment has become a widely known case study that is continuously discussed by a large number of psychology professionals. In 1920, behaviorist John Watson and his assistant Rosalie Rayner began to conduct one of the first experiments done with a child. Stability played a major factor in choosing Albert for this case study, as Watson wanted to ensure that they would do as little harm as possible during the experiment. Watson’s method of choice for this experiment was to use principles of classic conditioning to create a stimulus in children that would result in fear. Since Watson wanted to condition Albert, a variety of objects were used that would otherwise not scare him. These objects included a white rat, blocks, a rabbit, a dog, a fur coat, wool, and a Santa Claus mask. Albert’s conditioning began with a series of emotional tests that became part of a routine in which Watson and Rayner were determining whether other stimuli’s could cause fear.
Fish was born on May 19,1870 in Washington, D.C. and was placed in an orphanage at age five after his father passed away. During his stay at the orphanage, Fish observed and experienced numerous acts of perversions including forced masturbation in front of other children and brutal beatings. Albert would become sexually aroused by these acts, which helped to further his obsession with sado-masochism. Fish would later say, "That place ruined my mind." Finally, at age 7, Fish was reunited with his mother. Shortly thereafter, he fell from a cherry tree causing severe head trauma causing him dizzy spells and severe headaches. After graduating from high school, Fish started working odd jobs and traveling around the country. This gave him perfect opportunity to commit crimes.
In chapter one, we discussed about John B. Watson’s theory that all behaviors were to be learned like what he did towards “little Albert” and the white mouse. There are several connections that I can make from my own experience of how John B. Watson conditioned “little Albert” mind. This can relate to myself but in case it is about seeing the dark. Ever since I was a kid my parents would always tell me that to not walk away from them especially at night. They would always scare me and say “there’s a monster there!!” or there’s a ghost and as a kid I
The first trait shone through him is perseverance. This is important because if Marions dad didn't get through the hard and and sad times then he wouldn't have survived the holocaust. Marions dad shows this trait when his parents died. In the book Four perfect Pebbles Albert said "Daddy was upset about the death of our grand
During the mid-1800’s, the Southwest was a land full of adventure and legends. Cowboys led cattle drives to towns like Dodge City, and brazen gunmen such as Wyatt Earp, Doc Holliday and the Clantons walked the streets in Tombstone, Arizona. But no one ranked as one of the most notorious figures of the Western frontier as did William H. Bonney, alias Billy the Kid. Depending on whom you spoke with, the identity of Billy the Kid was sometimes questioned. Billy the Kid was born as William Henry McCarty on November 23, 1859. But during his short lifetime of twenty-one years, he would be known as William H. Bonney, William Henry McCarty and historically as Billy the Kid. There has been much controversy, speculation,
Looking at a story, the key word, story, we looked at the little albert study. Albert B, or Little albert was a boy who back in 1920, that was studied by a behaviorist John Watson. It was study in which a loud noise, like a loud bang on a bar, happened behind Little Albert, when he was given some type of small furry object or other objects. Watson showed that the research went very well, when in reality, that may not have been the case, and the identity of Little Albert is not fully known.
The most famous study by Watson was the “Little Albert” experiment, which he performed with his colleague, Rosalie Raynor. This study in...
Specifically, Albert was forced to look at a moving hand that sharply struck a steel bar with a hammer. Upon seeing this three times, Albert began crying. Although a reaction was evoked using loud sounds, Watson and Rayner (1920) stated that the removal of support (i.e., quickly taking away the blanket he was laying on) did not evoke a fear response in Albert, but stated that this action usually evokes fear responses in younger children. Finally, since the sound stimulus was effective in eliciting a fear response, Watson and Rayner (1920) developed four subsequent hypotheses to test: a) can the fear of an animal (e.g. white rat) be classically conditioned, b) if so, will there be a transfer to other animals or objects, c) how does time effect the conditioned responses, and d) if the conditioned responses do not subside, how can they be
Jhon B Watson, a behaviorist, conducted an experiment inspired by the Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov to determinate the classical condition in humans. Little Albert experiment was conducted in a 9 month old baby whom a rat is showed to see his r...
According to Myers (2014, p. 241), Ivan Pavlov had given Watson a basis for the idea that emotions and behaviors are a ‘bundle of conditioned responses.’ This experiment was to show how fears might be conditioned, or become a learned response. Working with his assistant, Rosalie Rayner, Watson presented a white rat to an infant of 11 months. Just before Little Albert was to touch the rat, a hammer was struck against metal above the infant's head (Myers, 2014, p. 245.). In Myer’s (2014, p. 245) research, after seeing the rat and the loud noise from the metal, the infant began to cry whenever the rat was presented.