Brazil is a country known not only for its rich diversity in culture and people but also its vast diversity in religious practices. It is considered a melting pot because of all the religions that can be seen practiced by its people. Some of the religions that can be found in Brazil today includes: Catholicism, Pentecostalism, Candomble, Hinduism, Buddhism and much more. However due to the abundance of religions found in Brazil, one can also predict and see that this diversity eventually leads to religious tensions between the different churches and its people. The religious tensions found in Brazil roots back between Catholicism, Pentecostalism and Candomblé. Religious tensions in Brazil occurred not solely because they did not worship the …show more content…
According to Voeks, “By 1767, growing European paranoia had found expression in a series of ordinances outlawing the use of plants for medicine or surgery by African slaves. Even to consult a slave on medicinal matters was banned” (Voeks 46). The Portuguese were more than likely afraid of the slave uprising against their masters especially with all the knowledge in medicine and magic that they proclaimed. However, even with this ban, Candomblé continuously thrived because new groups of slaves were being imported into Brazil every few years. Apparently to slave owners, it was more beneficial to receive fresh new people than to keep the old slaves healthy (Voeks 152). Therefore, every time an influx of slaves came to Brazil, they brought along with them more herbal medicine and a new flow of religious practices that were banned towards the former slaves. The tension between people who believed in a monotheistic god grew as Candomblé practices steadily increased because the religion was so unknown to those who currently inhabited Brazil. Many wanted to ban the practice of the worshipping that followers of Candomblé possessed. They believed that Candomblé was a religion of the devil. Something that was demonic. In addition to the increase number of slaves to the New World, Voeks states a specific contrast between the European religion and Candomblé, stating that Candomblé was more focused on focusing on solutions were everyday life problems and using direct action to address it rather than waiting for the next life to seek out solace through an unknown and distant god (Voeks 159). This is also another reason why many people sought for
During the colonial era, the economic conditions of both the New World and Great Britain were taking more notice then the religious concerns of the colonies. This was why Britain wanted to solve further economic problems through the colonization of the New World. For instance, many of their earliest settlers migrated to the New World due...
When the Mayflower sailed over to the New World, on the boats were Puritans that were looking for a change in the way that their religion was practiced where the Chesapeake settlers came over for gold. Alongside the Puritans were the Separatists who wanted everything their way and wanted to perfect the ways of the Puritans. When they landed in New England, they immediately settled down because they didn’t have an economic reason for coming. Both sets of religions ventured overseas so that they could create a new religion that would work for them in their favor and not be prosecuted for practici...
Those sections facilitate the planning and the organization of a variety of worship services and special services such as Christmas, Easter, birthdays and funerals. A careful analysis of the HCC shows that one hundred and sixty-six hymns that were included on it comes from the Cantor Cristão and eighty-two hymns were exclusively composed by Brazilian musicians. This hymnal was published in 1991, precisely, after one hundred years of the publication of the first edition of the Cantor Cristão, which was the third Brazilian Protestant hymnal published in Brazil and the first Baptist hymnal printed in Brazil. Several Americans immigrated to Brazil during the American Civil War, and in 1871, a group of American missionaries and immigrants organized the first Baptist church in Brazil. “The first Brazilian Protestant hymnal organized in Brazil was the ‘Salmos e Hinos’, which was published in 1861. This particular hymnal is the official hymnal of the Congregational church in Brazil. The second Protestant hymnal published in Portuguese was the ‘Hinos e Cânticos Espirituais’. It was created in 1876 and edited by Richard Holden, who was an influential Scottish Protestant missionary in Brazil during that time.”
The embodiments of the Regla de Ocha, Santerian religion, is rooted in West African previous religious practice of their deities. Africans were forced to move to a new place, where to expose to a new language and new religious faith. They were able to have some ideas of how to continue to serve and maintain their religious practice. “Thus, the deities of the Cuban Creole world resulted from the “crossing” and mixing with those of others region of African and the Catholic saints; individuals choose or are chosen to receive initiation into one or several traditions” (Olmos and Paravisini-Gebert 33). Through being forced to adapt to the Cuban Catholics ways, they were able to interlink their religious practice within the Catholics ways of worshiping different saints. Meanwhile, they were then able to be accepted in society while maintaining their natural belief. The adoption of the transculturation allows the African to balance both their religious practice and
In the 1400’s European countries had been thrusted into overseas expansion in the fever for land and gold. All throughout Europe, monarchies had sent explorers all over the world to conquer land for their country. Each country had conquered and colonized in various styles, but each had a specific goal that they wanted to achieve. During the European colonization of the Americas or the New World, both the Spanish and the French spread the idea of Catholicism throughout the Americas, however the Spanish believed in treating the Native Americans in a harsher way by enslaving them for labor whereas the French established trade relationships.
Finally, when it came down to the types of ceremonies and views both civilizations had, they were on two different pages. The Natives believed happiness was the key to good fortune. So, in order to get that fortune, they’d do sacrifices, and rituals to please the “mighty ones”. Then, as stated in the book “A History of Latin America”, it says, “Jews publicly converted to Christianity to avoid the torture…”, In which, this showed how religion and the spiritual views were forced upon people in the Spanish civilization.
We must begin with Brazil’s history in order to understand the problem and how it came to exist. During the year 1500, Brazil was “discovered” by the Portuguese. The Portuguese saw the indigenous people as “savages” because they did not look or dress like Europeans. Hence, the idea that indigenous people are “savages” help influence the Portuguese that indigenous people need to be controlled and become more civilized. During the 16th century the Portuguese used “black” slaves to work in plantations to increase trading in Europe. After the year 1850 slave trade was abolished, but the Portuguese continued to bring slaves from Africa, illegally. Edward Eric Telles states, “Roughly three hundred years later, when the slave trade ended in 1850, 3.6 million African Americans had been brought to Brazil as slaves, ...
Europeans during the 16th Century had made unique technological and intellectual advancements, they expanded their knowledge and continued to spread their dominance across the world. These advancements perpetuated the idea that their race was superior to other races and that they had the right to hold other groups of people accountable for what they saw as transgressions. Europeans felt the need to control and make sure that all groups of people were following their moral state of conducts. In History of A Voyage to the Land Of Brazil, Jean De Lery introduces the main motivation of the Europeans journey to the Americas by emphasizing that it was influenced by Christian values ( Lery 3). This shows how the concept of Christianity is important
Judaism is practiced by about 500,000 Jews in the region. Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil host large communities and are faced with large amounts of anti-semitism leftover from Spanish hatred. The Jewish and Muslims were forced out of Spain, even those who had converted to catholicism, by the Spanish Inquisition. This systemic hatred had taken root in Latin America (Class Notes).
“The Next Christendom: The Coming of Global Christianity” by Philip Jenkins examines the change in global Christianity from being a predominantly Euro-American religion and tracks its fast spread in the South. The thesis of the book is that Christianity has dramatically shifted South to the continents of Africa, Asia, and Latin America and is rapidly growing in those regions while declining in the West.
the Church maintained its relationship with the now-Creole elite at the expense of its relationship with other indigenous, mestizo and African sectors of the population. It closely aligned itself with the Conservative rather than Liberal parties in many countries which resulted in the severance of Church-state relationships in Ecuador, Brazil, Cuba, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panamá, Chile and Mexico. By the 1930s the Church found itself in the position of losing influence with the Latin American population. Maintaining its links to the conservative party and landowning elites of Latin America. The syncretism of religion in Latin America is the result of when combining beliefs which then changes the idea or the main thought of religion or belief system. This will usually result with the leader or leaders of the principle religion to become upset but not so much for the people who practice it. For example, “After independence was won from Spain, the creole elite split into conservatives and liberals. One of the issues of contention was the status of the Catholic Church. The liberals wanted religious toleration and secularization of some of the church's
Religion in Latin America has always been tied closely to Catholicism because of the influence of Europeans who came to settle South America, bringing along their Catholic foundation. With the early formations of governments in Latin America, church and state were closely linked. The church had significant influence over what happened in the political realm of the countries’ relations. The case was no different for Colombia. The Catholic church has played a significant role in the history of Colombia, assuming an esteemed status in the country and exercising control over different areas of the government and public affairs, but as time passed its role in power has taken a slight downturn.
The Society Religion as a Social Glue The view in the title is a functionalist’s view. Durkheim claims that religion is to do with the sacred and certain things, people and places are perceived to be sacred for example Jesus Christ, totem and the Tajmahal. He claims that what people perceive to be sacred are actually symbols of a collective consciousness. By worshipping these sacred things etc. they are actually reinforcing the beliefs, values, norms and tradition which make social life possible.
The first Catholic priests came to South America with the conquistadors and through social and political force superimposed 16th century Catholicism upon conquered peoples and in subsequent generations upon slaves arriving in the New World. Catholicism has, likewise, frequently absorbed, rather than confronted, popular folk religious beliefs. The resulting religion is often overtly Catholic but covertly pagan. Behind the Catholic facade, the foundations and building structure reflect varying folk religious traditions. (2)
“A formal public commitment to legal racial equality, for example, had been the price of mass support for Latin American’s independence movements. In the generation following independence, the various mixed-race classifications typical of the caste system were optimistically banished from census forms and parish record keeping.” This was meant to make all slaves citizens, equal to all other citizens. Slavery receded in Latin America, except in non-republican Brazil, Cuba, and Puerto Rico. However, Brazil’s pursuit of independence was the least violent and provoked the least amount of change. The case of Brazil suggests that retention of colonial institutions such as monarchies lent to stability. “Brazil had retained a European dynasty; a nobility of dukes, counts, and barons sporting coats of arms; a tight relationship between church and state; and a full commitment to the institution of chattel slavery, in which some people worked others to death.”