Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Alcohol and rape” summary
Sexual assault caused by drinking
Sexual assault among college students
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Alcohol and rape” summary
Rape due to intoxication is currently at the forefront of all issues facing college campuses across the United States. Because of the negative effects alcohol has on the human brain, it often plays a major role in the sexual assault of college women. In fact, a study conducted by Dr. Antonia Abbey found that “55% of the sexual assaults reported by college women involved alcohol consumption” (Abbey, 119). In ninety-seven percent of these assaults, both the victim and perpetrator were reported to be intoxicated. In addition, college women are significantly more likely to experience sexual assault than college men, whereas, college men are much more likely to be the perpetrators than the victims of assault. It is a harsh fact that most women will …show more content…
Sex without consent defines rape and sexual assault. Alcohol impairs judgment, and intoxicated individuals are not in the right frame of mind to make decisions regarding sex and sexual contact. Dr. Abbey Antonia explains that, “Intoxication limits one’s ability to consider the long-term negative consequences of behavior because it limits one’s focus to short-term immediate cues” (Abbey, 122). In cases where both parties are intoxicated, alcohol often influences male perpetrators to feel less inhibited, more powerful, aggressive, and sexually aroused. Perpetrators feel comfortable raping a woman because intoxication from alcohol allows them to focus on their own sexual pleasure, while ignoring the victim’s refusal and pain. The effects of alcohol make it easier for perpetrators to ignore the word, “No,” and to force sex on an unconsenting partner. In addition, the effects of alcohol may cause males to misinterpret a woman’s politeness or friendliness as a sign of flirtation and sexual interest. “In the case of sexual assault, a man may feel his aggressiveness is justified if he believes his partner encouraged his sexual interest and that once led on, a man has a right to sex” (Abbey, 122). However, this is never the case. A woman’s behavior, dress, or alcohol consumption is never an indicator of sexual desire or …show more content…
These drugs include Rohypnol, commonly known as “roofies,” Gamma Hydroxy Butyrate or GHB, and Ketamine, an anesthetic drug typically for veterinarian use. As date-rape drugs, these substances essentially “spike” the victim’s beverage as the perpetrator discreetly slips the drug of choice into the victim’s drink. Subsequently, it dissolves into the liquid and incapacitates the unsuspecting victim within minutes after consumption. At that point, the victim is unable to refuse sex or defend oneself. She will awaken hours later, feeling disoriented and having no memory of the time that passed while she was drugged. These types of date-rape drugs are very serious and typically indicate that the victim experienced rape while incapacitated. The victim should receive medical care right away and report the incident to local
Although high-risk drinkers are a minority in all ethnic groups, their behavior is far from a harmless “rite of passage.” In fact, drinking has pervasive consequences that compel our attention. The most serious consequence of high-risk college drinking is death. The U.S. Department of Education has evidence that at least 84 college students have died since 1996 because of alcohol poisoning or related injury—and they believe the actual total is higher because of incomplete reporting. When alcohol-related traffic crashes and off-campus injuries are taken into consideration, it is estimated that over 1,400 college students die each year from alcohol-related unintentional injuries. Additionally, over 500,000 full-time students sustain nonfatal unintentional injuries, and 600,000 are hit or assaulted by another student who has been drinking. Administrators are well aware of the burden alcohol presents to the campus environment. In addition, the 1997, 1999, and 2001 Harvard surveys found that the majority of students living in dorms and Greek residences, who do not drink excessively, still experience day-to-day problems as a result of other students’ misuse of alcohol. The prevalence of these “secondhand effects” varies across ...
The college life is far more dangerous than what we think in general. Most of the crimes are witnessed in the college campus, and one of the most critical and life-consuming crime was sexual assault. However, the sexual assault is still concerning and remains the controversy. Most college students do know that sexual violence should always be pleaded guilty. The sexual assault often resulted from alcohol and parties, and the undergraduate freshmen do not realize how violent sexual assault is. All members of the college community need to realize how sexual assault can harm life and success.
Not only in the US, Many countries around the world have the same problem in college campuses. Like many European countries, college drinking has been developed into kind of traditional culture in the US and she has been facing the change of the culture of drinking at colleges. However, other than the damage and injuries that happen during semester break each year, the only consequences of college drinking that usually come to the public's attention are occasional student deaths from alcohol overuse, such as alcohol poisoning or other alcohol-related tragedies. (Ramaley) In fact, the consequences of college drinking are much more than occasional and normal. According to the studies, 1,825 college students who aged from 18 to24 died from alcohol-related inadvertent injuries, including car crashes, while 599,000 students are unintentionally hurt over the influence of alcohol (Hingson et al., 2009). College drinking also results in serious injuries, assaults, sexual abuse and other health and academic problems. The impacts of excessive college drinking are more widespread and destructive than most people realize. Therefore, this essay will first consider the pr...
Sexual aggression among college students has been a popular topic of examination for the past three decades. One of the reasons for the repeated analysis is the fact that sexual aggression remains a common and enduring experience among college students. An early survey on this topic found that 54% of college women reported experiencing some sort of sexual victimization (Koss, Gidycz, & Wisniewski, 1987). That same year, Muehlenhard and Linton reported that 78% of female college students experienced some sort of sexual coercion and 15% reported experiencing a rape. Studies since then have consistently replicated those findings. Sexual coercion is commonly defined as any method used to obtain sexual contact with an initially unwilling partner, including negotiation and reasoning, guilt or emotional pressure, and the threat or use of physical aggression (Lyndon, White, & Kadlec, 2007).
The book: Crash Into Me By Liz Seccuro examines the themes of Sexual Assault(Pg. 49), Lack of Institutional Support(Pg. 68), and Alcoholism(Pg. 17). Alcoholism in the college culture is a conspicuous recurring element that plays a major role in the rape that occurs in the second chapter. Some of the major causes of alcoholism in college are; availability of alcohol(Pg. 44), social pressure(Pg. 46), and genetic susceptibility to alcohol. In Seccuro’s Crash Into Me, on page 44, it states “We all approached one of the many kegs and Jim poured a beer for each of us into those large, red plastic cups that are still a fixture at college parties today” (Seccuro 44). This gives a clear statement about how easy the alcohol is accessed for everyone at the party, even for an under-aged drinker. Seccuro also addresses the point of social pressure on page 46, “I was anxious to get home. But I didn’t want to seem like a loser, either. I figured one more drink couldn’t hurt” (Seccuro 46). This gives a glimpse of what kind of social pressure a lot of college students feel when they are at parties where rape and other occurrences happen. In a study done in 2015 by the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence(NCADD); the institute implores; “Researchers have identified numerous genes as affecting risk for dependence on alcohol and drugs” (NCADD 2015).
A survey from the Association of American Universities of 150,000 students found that more than one in four women experience sexual assault during their four years in college. Over the four year college period, 27.2% of female students are victims of unwanted sexual contact that ranges from touching to rape (6). Sexual assault is far too common and it is an epidemic that faces many students in college. Many students suffer from the consequences of sexual assault, which is a result of many social and cultural deficiencies, but it can be fixed through a multifaceted approach. The problem of sexual assault can be fixed through the education of the community, a positive and helpful school environment, and classes focused on prevention.
In Daniel Luzer’s article “Is Alcohol Really to Blame for the Prevalence of Sexual Assault of college Campuses?” published in Pacific Standard, Luzer supports the claim that alcohol has little to do with sexual assault in college. The number of sexual assaults in colleges have been on the rise, but the amount of alcohol consumed by university students has changed a small amount. There have been arguments stating that women should drink less, and others insisting that men should reduce their consumption to prevent the attackers from attacking. However, teaching people, men and women, not to rape, is the most obvious choice. Alcohol cannot be blamed for everything because a survey showed that the percentage of college-aged students that were
These are alarming statistics, especially since we know that rape is widely underreported, suggesting the percentages of rape might be even higher. College students drink more alcohol than the normal public (as cited in Gunby, Carline, Beynon, 2012, p. 88). This is troubling for women because alcohol is known to increase the risk of victimization. In most alcohol-involved rape situations, women voluntarily drank large amounts of alcohol before being raped. It is more common for college women to be raped after being incapacitated by alcohol than it is for them to be raped by force (as cited in Messman-Moore, Ward, DeNard, 2013, p. 50).
Only Words, by Catharine MacKinnon is a collection of three essays; each essay argues her claim that sexual words and pictures should be banned instead of Constitutionally protected under the First Amendment as free speech. In her first essay, “Defamation and Discrimination,” MacKinnon takes the stance that pornography is sex, and should not be treated as speech, but as a sexist act. She claims that pornography is an action, just as, “a sign saying ‘White Only’ is only words, but … it is seen as the act of segregation that it is.”(MacKinnon 13) MacKinnon claims that other action words, such as death threats, are banned, pornography should be banned as well. According to her essay, pornography rapes women. First, the photographers select already victimized women to be photographed, and thereby re-victimizing them. Then each man who views the pornography uses the ideas he attains from it to force his own sexual partner to perform the acts in the pornography. In the second essay, “Racial and Sexual Harassment,” MacKinnon states, “if ever words have been understood as acts, it has been when they are sexual harassment.”(MacKinnon 45) She explains how written words can have the same effects on a reader as an action. They can evoke the same fear and violation as a physical threat of rape. In her final essay, “Equality and Speech,” MacKinnon suggests that the words as actions that she has describes in her previous essays should be subject to a group defamation lawsuit. She states that the Constitution protects speech that promotes sexual inequality. She feels that the Fourteenth Amendment should cover the discrimination allowed in the First Amendment.
Malia Lestrange, an adolescent college girl was wandering in the dark drunk, with no one around and unaware of her surroundings. Little did she know someone was surveying her every move, lingering for the precise moment to take advantage of her. Malia was then, grabbed from behind in the predator's trap tainted by the darkness and raped. She couldn't grant any consent or the strength to control her body to break free. After that incident, she was later found by a local pedestrian unconscious and bare. Many females and males can fall into the victim to these types of situations when under the influence, especially on college campuses. However, considering the many challenges faced when drinking on campus, it’s understandable that many college
Taking recreational drugs, heavy drinking, and other such actions puts them at risk for others to take advantage of them, especially sexually. Campus Sexual Violence runs rapid across college campuses, most of the victims being female. According to RAINN.org, “among graduate students, 23.1% of females and 5.1% of males experience rape or sexual assault through physical force, violence, or incapacitation.” (RAINN.org). These stats exist because it is easier to overcome a person if they are under the influence of a drug or alcohol, giving an easy access for criminals. It is also hard to maintain rationality when under the influence, causing users or heavy drinkers to act irrationally while under the
Rape is first and foremost an act of aggression, not an act of sexuality. Sexuality is simply used as an expression of this aggression. Rape occurs in different forms to express different forms of aggression, resulting from different underlying causes and motivation. In fact, according to the Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network (RAINN), one in six American women is a victim of sexual assault; about 44% of rape victims are under the age of 18, while 80% are under the age of 30. More than half of all rapes are never reported. Date rape is the most common form of rape and occurs in 78% of all rape cases. Although girls and women are more often the victims of rape, 7-10% of victims are boys and men. One in 33 American
From the beginning of a child’s life, he/she holds the key to their own destiny. However, this is no longer the case when child sexual abuse is brought in as a factor. In surveys conducted, it was indicated that six percent to sixty-two percent of women and two percent to fifteen percent of men have been victims of sexual abuse as a child (Finkelhor 79). That was not their choice. Abuse is the result of force - not from a person’s willingness to fulfill an act. Victims also have to cope with the aftereffects brought onto them by their attackers. These decisions they had no choice over, but they ultimately set the basis for the rest of their lives. This is because adult survivors of sexual abuse generally have consequences created by violence, misinterpretations of sex, and are more likely to continue the cycle of sexual abuse themselves.
Finding the source of this epidemic can potentially help end the sexual violence problem. According to Franklin el al., (2012) lack of awareness and understanding of the sexual violence problem is a major factor within this issue. Lack of awareness and understanding affects prevention and reporting in different ways. According to Franklin et al., (2012) about 90% of the sexual assaults reported by college women are perpetrated by someone known by the victim; about half of those happen or occur on a date (Abbey et al., 1996a; Koss, 1988). According to Franklin et al., (2012) sexual violence in college happens more often among students that know each other. The most common locations are the woman’s or man’s home, this includes dormitory rooms, apartments, fraternities, sororities and parents’ homes in the context of a date or party (Franklin et al., 2012). The lack of awareness of sexual assault among college women decreases their ability to protect themselves and places them at greater risk because it makes them easy targets and more vulnerable. Women in these positions may be unaware of the dangers and may trust the men they date and not realize that they could be in danger. Another problem is
Rape, one of the most physiological damaging events that can happen to a person, an act of violence and force that will always remain with the victim. Rape can be seen as one of those topics that are deemed to be highly sensitive and serious but there will still be sources who find a way to say that the act of rape is one that can be provoked. Whether they say that the victim was wearing clothing that was showing too much skin, or that the victim was in a state of drunkenness, I believe that in no matter what situation the victim was in, rape can only be blamed on the assaulter.