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Qualitative research methods essay
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Qualitative and quantitative research methods
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Question #1
The purpose of the study is to come analytically up with the best qualitative research models of assessing primary risks in health care. The general purpose herein is to address qualitative research and hypothesis questions. Research questions in any scientific study are to come up with the general study purposes. Research questions are used in qualitative studies, though, unlike non-experimental qualitative study or quasi-experimental qualitative study, Zealand-wide guidelines for assessment and management of cardiovascular risk in primary care hypothetically helps in data collection in the qualitative research study. Primary care risk through this study implies the basicity of evidence-based practice in the field of clinical medical practices.
Question #2
The participants or contributors of this data collected on the management of cardiovascular risk included 32 participants of which 20 were nurses, 4 doctors, five managers and three planners or founders. Cardiovascular risk management is a crucial subject in the clinical medical field. From these 32 individuals, four themes were virtually generated from their health care data and records. These themes entirely portrayed the realities of cardiovascular
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Psychological therapies may be done after an all-inclusive interview on the patients. It is only through interviews under which a patient may or may not be diagnosed with cardiovascular risks. Observation has been a crucial data collection technique in this study. Through interviewing and observation, the thematic analysis of the cardiovascular risk management and assessment data was overly managed by coding, familiarization, generation and categorizing of themes. From this data collected, there was a portrayal of the realities of guideline implementation for primary health care nurses and the development of health care risk management through cardiovascular
It was to this respect that, the search could detect ‘’hypertension’’ as the leading risk factor for heart disease. And this preceded three quarters of heart failures cases as compared to coronary artery disease, which led to most heart failures in less than 40% of the cases. Also, an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter became a mirror to the Framingham study as incident heart diseases in the individuals who are free from myocardial infarction. Although studies have shown that, the manifestation of heart failures can be present without the left ventricular systolic dysfunction, other risk factors could lead to that. Also, they (Framingham study) were able to detect ‘’too much of cholesterol’’ as a link to cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, research believed that has elevated among certain heart diseases such as coronary heart often leads to stroke, too high blood pressure among numerous patients. Having said that, the search discovered ‘’obesity’’ also as a concomitantly with hypertension which elevates lipids and diabetes versus questions on smoking behavior. Having said that, these risk factors are believed to have attributed to heart diseases. Therefore, it became a national concern to the general US population and that of the fourth director of Framingham heart study, William Castelli
Predictive indicators of cardiovascular disease are abnormal visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, increased blood pressure, elevated triglyceride levels, and low high-density lipoprotein (HLD) cholesterol levels (Mitchell, 2011). Staff nurses with adequate teachings and screening tools can advocate for patients at risks by early identification and interventions.
Patients often have complex care needs, and often present with multiple co-morbidities or problems. The process of conducting a comprehensive nursing assessment, and the coordination of care based on these findings is central to the role of the Registered Nurse (NMBA 2006). Evidence-based interventions must then be planned and implemented in a patient-centred approach in order to achieve agreed treatment goals and optimise health (Brown & Edwards 2012).
Coronary heart disease is a common term for the build-up of plaque in the heart’s arteries that could lead to heart attack (Coronary Heart Disease, 2017). Furthermore, there are many known coronary heart disease factors that can be controlled. These are high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes and pre-diabetes, obesity, smoking, lack of physical activity, unhealthy diet and stress (Coronary Heart Disease Factors, n.d). The techniques of motivational interviewing are more persuasive than coercive and more supportive than argumentative. The motivational interviewer must advance with a firm sense of purpose, clear methods and skills for seeking that purpose, and a sense of timing to mediate in specific ways at quick brief periods of time (Miller and Rollnick, 1991). The clinician uses motivational interviewing on account of four general principles in mind. The key principles are to express empathy, avoid argument, roll with resistance and support self-efficacy (Treatment, C. for S. A.,
Described below is a critical appraisal of a qualitative article by Lisa Booth using the frame-work suggested by Ryan, Coughlan and Cronin 2007 to establish its believability, robustness, credibility and integrity (Ryan, Coughlan & Cronin, 2007).
Since 1960 the age-adjusted mortality rates for cardiovascular disease (CVD) has declined steadily in the U.S. due to multiple factors, but still remains one of the primary causes of morbidity and premature mortality worldwide. Greater control of risk factors and improved treatments for cardiovascular disease has significantly contributed to this decline (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). In the U.S. alone it claims approximately 830,000 each year and accounts for 1/6 of all deaths under the age of 65 (Weiss and Lonnquist, 2011). Based on the 2007 mortality rate data an average of 1 death every 37 seconds is due to cardiovascular disease (Lloyd-Jones et al., 2009). Controlling and reducing risk factors is crucial for saving lives. There are a number of contributing risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which may appear in the form of hereditary, behavioral, and psychological, all of which ultimately converge in social or cultural factors.
As opposed to the 19th century where the prevalence of preventable infectious disease was the leading cause of mortality, we face a new challenge today: decreasing the occurrence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and strokes. Overwhelmingly so, cardiovascular disease remains the number one killer in the United States. This can be attributed to the state of poor psychological health and poor behavioral choices promoted by a variety of biological, psychological, and social influences. A healthier lifestyle is linked to a longer lifespan and better quality of life for an individual, so in order to promote a healthier lifestyle the dangers and risks of everyday life must be recognizable and approachable. Current questions I want to answer is; What is the most effective heart disease prevention, onset, and intervention methods? Looking through the biopsychosocial model scope is useful because it is a recent and practical framework to implement and operationalize.
One way to decrease the prevalence of deteriorating health for any population is by using preventive care measures (Andrews, & Boyle, 2008). The use of preventive care allows significant problems to be identified early which enables the resolution of the problem when it is still a minor issue (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). Often this strategy is more cost effective and require...
The purpose of this paper is to analyze a concept on order to identify an inconsistency and area for practical research. A clinical experience will be used to illustrate a core curriculum concept. Consistency with our text will be explored. Next inconsistencies will be identified to provide the basis for a relevant research question in PICO format. The process of conducting research using the hierarchy of evidence will be discussed. A summary of research findings will be provided and used to support modifications in future nursing practice.
One feature of evidence based practice is a problem-solving approach that draws on nurses’ experience to identify a problem or potential diagnosis. After a problem is identified, evidence based practice can be used to come up with interventions and possible risks involved with each intervention. Next, nurses will use the knowledge and theory to do clinical research and decide on the appropriate intervention. Lastly, evidence base practice allows the patients to have a voice in their own care. Each patient brings their own preferences and ideas on how their care should be handled and the expectations that they have (Fain, 2017, pg.
In the previous chapters I discussed the problem of the lack of healthy eating promotion programs in schools are leaving parents and students uneducated about how to purchase healthy items which is leading to childhood obesity. I also discussed how the problem is being addressed, as well as the theory of social constructionism. In this chapter, I will discuss the specific methodology I plan to use and the three different types of data collection I plan to employ to carry out my study. This study will use a qualitative approach to study and address the issue of the lack of healthy eating promotion in schools. The three types of data collection I plan to use are: direct observation, focus groups and a questionnaire. These methods will be clarified later in this chapter.
Currently Americans are at a high risk for heart disease. The Center for Disease Control assess that about 49% of Americans have at least one of these three factors attributing to heart disease: high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). There are also other medical conditions and lifestyle choices that can increase the risk for heart disease such as: diabetes, obesity, excessive alcohol use and physical inactivity. In my opinion, the chronic condition which will have the most impact on the future of our aging baby boomers would be heart disease. I believe this chronic disease holds a strong impact due to the high amount of baby boomers which have this condition, the media’s depiction of how heart disease can affect older adults, as well as family members who have had heart disease when they became older adults. This paper will include my thoughts on heart disease through the lens of demographics, family, social and financial impact, public health network function, and prevention program availability.
Research in multidisciplinary public health can be challenging. There can be serious tension generated among the participants in the research process concerning which approaches are best suitable for the research. Also, the choice of methods to be considered from a compendium of methods that best suits a study could be a herculean task to overcome owing to the differences in the interests and views of the various disciplines involved in public health research (Saks, 2013). This could result in a pyramid of research approaches where an approach is seen by professionals as more scientific and more relevant to public health than others. Research approaches have been observed in the past to have a vertical relationship with each other. In today’s multidisciplinary public health, there is a need to consider them as a spectrum having a horizontal rather than a vertical relationship. This could present a challenge to a new researcher in the field who does not know all the approaches are available and the best applicable to a study. Also, the experienced researcher who already has a particular approach of preference and considers others as inferior may not be applying the best approach available to a study owing to this bias. There is a need for researchers in public heath to be dexterous in research methodology by moving beyond the limits of one’s discipline and gaining skills in a spectrum of approaches available and probably use a blend of methods so as to effectively conduct research (Daly, 1997). As such, I will be discussing Ethnography and Participatory Action research approaches relevant to multidisciplinary public health. I will examine their theoretical and epistemological basis and reflect on their strengths and weaknesses.
It provides insights in to the problem or helps to develop ideas or hypotheses. Qualitative data comes from nature, and it has implications for both its collection and its analysis. However it deals with huge number of raw data such as visual data, observation and documents and interviews with individuals (QRCA, 2015; Saunders, Lewis, &, Thornhill, 2000, p. 188).
Qualitative data analysis is the process of transforming data into information, information into understanding and understanding into knowledge (Davenport & Prusak, 1998). Furthermore, qualitative data analysis can be described as a blend of scientific studies and artistic style to create an innovative product. The research acts as the primary research tool, and must be able to sustain composer throughout the entire study. In addition, the researcher must be able to pay attention to the small details of the study, without losing sight of the big picture of the study (Chenail, 2012).