Post Traumatic stress disorder
Throughout the fire service, firefighters encounter a high level and variety of stress that can cause post traumatic stress disorder. A large amount of people thought the disorder could only affect military personnel; however, an enormous percent of fire service personnel are acquiring this disorder from a wide range of emergency calls or other life altering factors. This disorder has a dramatic effect on the management in the fire department.
To illustrate, management in the fire service have an excessive amount of responsibility. They must be prepared in handling problems that their personnel can encounter, one of which being post traumatic stress disorder or PTSD. Management must be educated in the symptoms of PTSD, and possible treatments to suggest to their employees. PTSD becomes a difficult topic for management personnel because they must be trained, and have the knowledge of signs that identify PTSD. However, management may have a hard time identifying this diagnosis in firefighters/ emergency medical personnel if the management personnel is unaware on how they normally function. If the the PTSD symptoms go unidentified this can cause a problem for management, and issues could potentially fall in the category of
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safety and personnel within the fire department (Wilmoth, 2014, Erich, 2014; Dill, n.d.). PTSD can have extensive impacts on an individual if it goes undiagnosed.
There are a wide range of concepts, and practices that can present signs that are related to PTSD. These signs could include suicidal thoughts, loneliness, guilt, and self¬blame. PTSD can become a management problem; Unstable personnel who cannot fulfill their 4 tasks at their job due to certain thoughts can be currently working undiagnosed. This problem could potentially cause an unsafe work environment, especially in highly stressful areas of the community. For example, improper actions can take place due to the PTSD symptoms, resulting in a fatality. (Meroney, 2013; You're a firefighter, and you have PTSD., 2014; Senn, 2010; Sweeney,
2014). Resolution Personnel in the fire service that believe or know they have PTSD have a variety of resources that are available to use to treat the disorder. According to Antonellis, Meshad, and Stack¬ they stated that a professional mental health clinician should be contacted if any of these signs are shown to correctly diagnose the potential disorder (2006). Some of the signs include, but are limited to: depression, loneliness, self¬blame, etc. In fact, anyone including family members, can detect and identify the signs that have been present in the individual. Education of the public, families, and members of the fire service is the number one way to identify the potential disorder and in turn start an early treatment from a professional (Pendelski, 2013; Hofman, 2012; Allen, 2001; Antonellis, Meshad, and Stack, 2006). Conclusion Post traumatic stress disorder has a multitude of different effects on the individual. Many of the signs may go unnoticed and eventually lead to suicide. Professionals offer a range of different treatments depending on the situation that can greatly influence the disorder in a significant way. Learning the signs of PTSD and educating the individuals within the firehouse is the first step. This can help decrease 5 the amount of members in the fire service going through PTSD without being identified, and therefore not receiving treatment.
Throughout the fire service, firefighters encounter a high level of different stresses that can cause post dramatic stress disorder. A plethora amount of people have not thought about how not only the military personnel, however a wide range of emergency calls or other factors come into play that results in fire personnel acquiring this disorder. This disorder has an enormous problem that will affect the management in the fire department.
Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition, similar to an anxiety disorder, that is triggered by trauma and other extremely stressful circumstances. Throughout the book, Junger talks about PTSD in a wide range:from PTSD rates in natural disaster victims to PTSD rates in veterans. The latter is explained on a deeper perspective. While Junger gave many examples of why PTSD rates in America were so high, the most captivating was:
Antwone Fisher presents characteristics consistent with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, p. 271). The American Psychiatric Association described the characteristics of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, or PTSD, as “the development of characteristic symptoms following exposure to one or more traumatic events” (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, p. 271). The American Psychological Association (2013) outlines the criterion for diagnosis outlined in eight diagnostic criterion sublevels (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, pp. 271-272). Criterion A is measured by “exposure to actual or threatened” serious trauma or injury based upon one or more factors (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, p.
PTSD is a battle for everyone who is diagnosed and for the people close to them. The only way to fight and win a battle is to understand what one is fighting. One must understand PTSD if he or she hopes to be cured of it. According to the help guide, “A positive way to cope with PTSD is to learn about trauma and PTSD”(Smith and Segal). When a person knows what is going on in his or her body, it could give them better control over their condition. One the many symptoms of PTSD is the feeling of helplessness, yet, knowing the symptoms might give someone a better sense of understanding. Being in the driver’s seat of the disorder, can help recognize and avoid triggers. Triggers could be a smell, an image, a sound, or anything that could cause an individual to have a flashback of the intimidating event. Furthermore, knowing symptoms of PTSD could, as well, help one in recovering from the syndrome. For instance, a person could be getting wor...
Nations may pay for the war, but soldiers pay the ultimate price, their lives. A soldier has to be willing to lose everything to gain freedom for others. Therefore a war is not fought by two nations, but rather than the millions of soldiers. With this comes great sacrifice and selflessness. In the book The Things They Carried by Tim O’Brien three soldiers that stand to lose the most are Kiowa, Norman Bowker, and Jimmy Cross.
PTSD occurs after experiencing traumatic events and prolonged periods of emotional distress. A traumatic event is something that a person experiences that causes them to feel like their lives, or the lives of others, are in immediate danger. If after traumatic events such feelings of fear or complete loss of control do not subside and cause disruptions in a person's everyday life PTSD may occur. Such traumatic events may include: Combat in a war zone, sexual or physical abuse or assault, major accidents, or natural disasters. There are four main symptoms used to identify PTSD: Reliving the traumatic event, which can include nightmares and flashbacks. Avoiding people or situations that could remind one of the event. Negative changes in a persons thoughts or feelings, such as fear, guilt, shame or loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities. Lastly, hyperarousal, feeling jittery, alert and on the look for danger along with trouble sleeping or focusing. (National Center For PTSD). People suffering from Ptsd may also encounter problems with depression and anxiety along with relationship problems, physical symptoms, and drug and alcohol problems.
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), originally associated with combat, has always been around in some shape or form but it was not until 1980 that it was named Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and became an accredited diagnosis (Rothschild). The fact is PTSD is one of many names for an old problem; that war has always had a severe psychological impact on people in immediate and lasting ways. PTSD has a history that is as long and significant as the world’s war history - thousands of years. Although, the diagnosis has not been around for that long, different names and symptoms of PTSD always have been. Some physical symptoms include increased blood pressure, excessive heart rate, rapid breathing, muscle tension, nausea, diarrhea, problems with vision, speech, walking disorders, convulsive vomiting, cardiac palpitations, twitching or spasms, weakness and severe muscular cramps. The individual may also suffer from psychological symptoms, such as violent nightmares, flashbacks, melancholy, disturbed sleep or insomnia, loss of appetite, and anxieties when certain things remind them such as the anniversary date of the event (Peterson, 2009).
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is defined by our book, Abnormal Psychology, as “an extreme response to a severe stressor, including increased anxiety, avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma, and symptoms of increased arousal.” In the diagnosis of PTSD, a person must have experienced an serious trauma; including “actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violation.” In the DSM-5, symptoms for PTSD are grouped in four categories. First being intrusively reexperiencing the traumatic event. The person may have recurring memories of the event and may be intensely upset by reminders of the event. Secondly, avoidance of stimuli associated with the event, either internally or externally. Third, signs of mood and cognitive change after the trauma. This includes blaming the self or others for the event and feeling detached from others. The last category is symptoms of increased arousal and reactivity. The person may experience self-destructive behavior and sleep disturbance. The person must have 1 symptom from the first category, 1 from the second, at least 2 from the third, and at least 2 from the fourth. The symptoms began or worsened after the trauma(s) and continued for at least one
The article under review is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the DSM-5: Controversy, Change, and Conceptual Considerations by Anushka Pai, Alina M. Suris, and Carol S. North in Behavioral Sciences. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health problem that some people develop after experiencing or witnessing a life-threatening event, like combat, a natural disaster, a car accident, or sexual assault (U.S. Department VA, 2007). PTSD can happen to anyone and many factors can increase the possibility of developing PTSD that are not under the person’s own control. Symptoms of PTSD usually will start soon after the traumatic event but may not appear for months or years later. There are four types of symptoms of PTSD but may show in different
PTSD is defined as mental health disorder triggered by a terrifying event (Mayoclinic). This ordeal could be the result of some sort of physical harm or threat to the individual, family members, friends or even strangers. (NIMH) While PTSD is typically associated with someone who has served in the military, it can affect more than just that genre of individuals. It could affect rape victims, victims in a terrorist or natural disaster incident, nurses, doctors, and police and fire personnel and bystanders. PTSD can manifest itself in many forms. The primary signs and symptoms of PTSD include but are not limited to re-experiencing symptoms (flashbacks, bad dreams, frightening thoughts), avoidance of places, situations, or events that may cause those memories to resurface, and hyperarousal symptoms (easily startled, feeling tense or on edge) (NIMH). Other symptoms may include not having positive or loving feelings toward other people, staying away from relationships, may forget about parts of the traumatic event or not be able to talk about them, may think the world is completely dangerous, and no one can be trusted.
Positionality refers to one’s social location or position within an intersecting web of socially constructed hierarchical groups, such as race, class, gender, sexual orientation, religion, nationality, and physical abilities. Different experiences, understanding, and knowledge of oneself and the world are gained, accessed, and produced based on one’s positionality (Sorrells). Standpoint theory emerged in the 1970s and 1980s as a feminist critical theory about relations between the production of knowledge and practices of power (Harding, 2004). Ethnocentrism is a broad term which may apply to any social group and it mixes neatly with the social identity theory concept of in-group favoritism and refers to the way people identify themselves as
There are many different traumatizing life altering events that may cause PTSD. To be diagnosed with this illness there is a series of tests to take that a psychologist will administer. These will record the symptoms that you are experiencing to rule out other mental illnesses. PTSD can cause symptoms such as night terrors, flashbacks, and panic attacks. There are many forms of treatments such as therapy, medications, and massage therapy. PTSD is very treatable, it is important to seek treatment if you are experiencing any symptoms for a mental illness.
Based on the scenario, local law enforcement agencies would already be aware of the situation. The Regional Center for Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management has been mobilized. The obvious supposition would be that the incident commander has already notified the Arkansas State Department of Emergency Management, specifically Anthony Coy, and the Northwest Arkansas Area Coordinator that encompasses Craighead County, at (870) 935-3094, which is located at 511 Union, Room 010, Jonesboro, AR 72401.
“PTSD was first brought to public attention in relation to war veterans, but it can result from a variety of traumatic incidents, such as mugging, rape, torture, being kidnapped or held captive, child abuse, car accidents, train wrecks, plane crashes, bombings, or natural disasters such as floods or earthquakes.” (NIMH)
Smith, M & Segal, J 2011, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), viewed 17 August 2011 .