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A conversation about media manipulation
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What we find to be most enjoyable in life are what we recognised the most or what we are familiar with. These enjoyments with familiar objects leads to standardisation or in other words, the products obtain the form common to all commodities but it somehow converse its own sense of individuality, which leads to pseudo-individualisation. Pseudo-individualisation is a concept coined by German sociologist and philosopher Theodore W. Adorno. He is well known for his inquiry regarding “Culture Industry” in his book Dialectic of Enlightenment which he wrote with his friend Max Horkheimer. This essay will discuss the process of enjoyment in recognition; recognition leads to standardisation and how standardisation leads to pseudo-individualisation. …show more content…
He makes a point that the culture industry is equivalent to the capitalists’ entertainment industry and business. The culture industry is responsible for recreating products that people associate with the most in the same format as previous products, which become standardised which then leads to pseudo-individualisation. According to Adorno and Horkheimer, the culture industry repeatedly expose products of pleasure which become standardised in society. In his article titled “A Social Critique of Radio Music”, Adorno discusses how the reproduction and recreation of music have become standardised and that listener virtually have no choice as products are being forced upon them. People enjoy listening to the kind of music that they know and familiar with and by doing so consumers become standardised as well as the product. Therefore consumers and people are characterized by the merchandises they use or enjoy. Adorno claimed that products produced by the culture industry “fuses the old and familiar into a new quality”. In other words most of what we find enjoyable or recognizable are not authentic because we are blind to see that we already have experienced with these
In assessing the impact and effect of popular cultural forms like MTV, it is important to acknowledge the extent to which, rather than having them imposed upon us, we may instead appropriate or assimilate parts, whilst choosing to reject or ignore the rest. This, of course, has the consumer or viewer acting (or perhaps more accurately interacting) as opposed to simply passively receiving (Philo par 16).Even though critics of MTV stand strongly against the passive consumer, th...
Eadith/Eddie meets h/er mother Eadie accidently, but s/he does not escape or expose h/erself to Eadie. S/he follows h/er mother into a church, and “She continued obsessed by the image of her mother in a church pew, black gloves clamped to the prayer-book” (403). S/he used to think that “She could not believe in heroes, or legendary actors, or brilliant courtesans, or flawless beauties, for being herself a muddled human being astray in the general confusion of life” (403). But now, in h/er eyes, Eadie is a saint and s/he is the penitent.
The issue of the relationship between the mass media and the popular culture has always been a controversial issue in social sciences. The political economists insist on the role of the media industry in the creation of this phenomenon of the twentieth century. Though, advocates such as John Fiske, argue that popular culture is actually the creation of the populous itself, and is independent of the capitalist production process of the communication sector. Basing his argument on the immense interpretive power of the people, Fiske believes that the audience is able to break all the indented meanings within a media message. He also believes- by giving new meanings to that specific message they can oppose the power block that is trying to impose its ideology to the public. Consequently, this anarchistic activity of the audience creates the popular culture as a defence mechanism. Even when we accept Fiske’s ideas, we can not disregard the manipulative power of the media and its effects on cultural and social life.
The social institution topic that I am going to use for my paper is divorce. I chose to write my paper on divorce because the divorce rate has increased and is a prevalent social institution in our society. Divorce is a common issue that is a controversial topic that has all different opinions about it. Society is influenced by the people around us, that’s why a child with separated parents exhibit a greater chance for psychological struggles because they weren’t able to have both parents around to influence them. Divorce is a component of society that influences the behaviors and choices of the child as well as the parents. Society has an influence on divorce because divorce has become a social norm in our society. Relationships in society now have less commitment than in the past generations. Another
The idea of Individualism can be traced all the way back to England before America’s existence. As we know, individualism has been interpreted in many forms throughout history. The 19th century is no different, taking hold of its own idea of individualism, called transcendentalism. Transcendentalism suggests freedom should not be confined to those focused on money and superficial gains. Instead, people should depend on no one but themselves. This movement focused on “greater individualism against conformity” (Corbett et al.). Heavily influenced by the Romantic period, transcendentalism adopted the belief that reason was more important than logic as Benjamin Franklin has believed. Reason must also include unique emotion and spirit (Corbett et
In Let’s Talk About Love, Carl Wilson scripted his opinions on people’s tastes in music. Quoting the French philosopher and poet Paul Valéry, Wilson elucidated, “Tastes … are composed of a thousand distastes” (11). I disagree with Wilson; I believe that he portrayed the creation of taste backwards by arguing that a person’s likes in music are composed of the music he dislikes. Alternatively, my hypothesis is that a person’s dislikes in music are fashioned from the music he likes; the music he dislikes being the music that lacks traits of the music that he likes. There are many different genres of music that I like because their musical traits.
Not every person is going to have the same taste in music, but why is it that people find a certain genre more appealing than others? A person’s personality and individuality clearly has a large role Research indicates that there is a definite correlation between personality and music preferences (Rentfrow & Gosling p. 1236-1237, Chamorro-Premuzic & Furnham p. 180-183). Those that enthusiastically chose to involve music in their lives will be more open to whatever music findings they come across in their everyday lives. There are also individuals who can play one or more musical instrument(s) and would be considered music lovers. Most of them have started from a young age and as they grew older would spend huge amounts of...
This essay will be discussing Theodor W. Adorno’s critiques of popular music and examine the extent of whether or not his criticisms are accurate to contemporary music. A range of issues will be discussed in the essay to explore the subject matter. Through research, there will be relevant quotes and theories to support the views of this particular topic.
In this essay I intend to explore what is meant by the terms popular culture and high culture. I will also look at how the relationship between these two terms has become distorted and blurred over time. In order to reinforce what I am saying about popular and high culture I will be using a range of examples from the music industry to show how the line between high culture and popular culture has become ambiguous. I will also call upon the work of John Storey to give my work an academic foundation. Although Storey is the main academic I will be looking at, I will also include references to a number of other academics who have written about popular culture and high culture.
Adorno and Horkheimer (1975) used the expression ‘culture industry’ to describe the monopolisation of culture. “The entire practice of the culture industry transfers the profit motive naked onto cultural forms” (Adorno, 2001, P.99). Adorno and Horkheimer believed that Capitalism was mass-producing popular culture which was fuelling consumerist ideologies. It was demolishing the aesthetic values of art and art was no longer ‘arts for art’s sake’ and ‘purposelessness purposes’ prevailed (Held, 1980, P.93). Adorno (2001) argued that popular culture and art in capitalist societies were used for distraction and escapist purposes. The ‘Culture Industry’ was seen to assemble masses to participate in it’s ideology, which has profound social impacts. The monopolisation of culture exploits and manipulates mass population for social control and p...
It is increasingly clear that media and culture today are of central importance to the maintenance and reproduction of contemporary societies. Cultures expose society to different personalities, provide models, which display various forms of societal life and cultivate various ways to introduce people into dominant forms of thought and action. These are the types of activities integrate people into society and create our public sphere. Media and technology surround our society; engrained into the fabric of our existence so much so, that it has become hard to find an aspect of life not influenced by its effects. For this reason, media controllers, wield extreme power and influence over the lives of everyday people. Although, they increasingly continue to feed the audience trash, despite their authority as the creator of our social/cultural interactions, and justify their actions by calling themselves industries. Reducing themselves to just businesses whose sole purpose is to create a profit. This admittance of what they feel to be their true purpose however does not hinder their control and power but instead adds to it. Creating a need for there to be some way to analyze and discuss whether they are using their position and power wisely. Filling this void, scholars have theorized ways for individuals to be critical of the media that they intake. One of these critical theories is the “Culture Industry” theory. Using Cultural Theory, as well as other complementary neo Marxist theories, it is possible to determine how Stacy Peralta, once urban youth culture advocate, became incorporated into the superstructure through media use, thus making him a tool for the continued commoditization of society, and a youth marketer for industries l...
As society becomes more engrossed in the capitalist side of the culture industry, the use value is taken over the exchange value of the particular item. People can become isolated within society and unable to make successful decisions for themselves. Through standardization of production, distribution and sales, people are treated as a commodity. People begin to lose the aesthetic appeal of cultural events and people become consumed by the fact their attendance to an event gives them status. Adorno and Horkheimer successfully show what will happen to society if the culture industry takeover of mass media continues.
Stuart Hall, “Cultural Studies: Two Paradigms” from Media, Culture and Society, Raymond Williams and E.P Thompson summarize the way they saw culture, they refer to it as the way of life and saw mass media as the main role in capitalist society. Williams’s perspective, his ideas were referred to as culture as to social practice, he saw “culture as a whole way of life” and as to structurilism that makes the concept of the “structure of feeling“(Stuart Hall, “Cultural Studies: Two Paradigms” 1980). William was influenced in the seventies by Gramsci’s but, Williams became familiar with Gramsci dominance and at the end of the 1970’s hegemony became the central concept of cultural studies. Thompson's main idea was cultural focus, but mostly on social classes and class consciousness; he was not interested in the “whole way of life” but how people, working class that were struggling in the dominant aspect of the “way of life”.
Just asover time media has shifted from an oral and written era, to the print revolution, electronic era,and the digital era. People especially my age, aren’t necessarily interested in going to things likethe ballet or reading hamlet. I don’t think that if you enjoy the things at the bottom of theSkyscraper that that means you don’t have “good taste”, or that you are not wealthy, oreducated. The things that are considered “high culture” are not things that only people of a richbackground can enjoy. In some cases, people may not be able to afford things like the ballet,but are still enjoy things that are considered “high” culture.Even today some of the high culture portions of the skyscraper are not acknowledged bypeople as much as they used to be. A good way to look at the culture of our society is throughpopular culture. The popular culture of our society offers insight into people lives such as,
The purpose of this essay is to firstly explain what John Fiske means by ‘popular culture lies not in the production of commodities so much as the productive use of industrial commodities’ (Fiske, J. 1990 p.28). Secondly this essay will go on to compare Fiske’s interpretation of popular culture to MacDonald’s theory of mass culture.