Martin Luther was a German friar, Catholic priest, and a professor of theology who later became known for what we now call the Protestant Reformation. In 1517, feeling disgruntled at the behavior exhibited by his fellow friars and priests, Martin Luther decided it was time to make his disapproval known. One of the things he was disgruntled about were the churches selling what they called Indulgences, or essentially, "get out of Purgatory free" cards. These churches would sell them to whomever could afford the fee for them. Sometimes, even charging more than double the original price if they had a parishioner who was a repeat customer. Luther was disgusted that the churches would even consider selling reparations to parishioners for a fee. …show more content…
His argument was that a true belief in the redemption only brought on by Christ himself, was the only way one could enter into the gates of heaven. The first of Luther's significant changes was political in nature and was called the 95 Theses-a list of debates regarding biblical law and how the churches were not following it.
He tacked onto the door of every church in his country and this brought about anger from the friars and priests who read them. This, however, gave rise to the second of Luther's important changes; social in nature: the Protestant Reformation. Because the theses were made public, peasants, farmers, and even land-owners would be able to see what Luther took issue with. The Church argued that these people were not well-read enough to even begin to understand what was written; that they were all also quite illiterate and lacked the "training" required to be able to interpret God's word. Luther's reformation saw once illiterate people learning how to read the bible, which brought on independent thinking, …show more content…
which brought on defiance of the Pope and the church; which brought about the end of extra-biblical indoctrination. Luther questioning the Church also brought about change with fallibility. Before, priests were considered infallible. They could do no wrong and patrons took their word as fact. Now, however, patrons are learning to think for themselves; which forced the priestly role into an advisor role rather than an autocratic one. Luther actually detested any form of anarchy. However, he did get married as a priest and that brought about further change within the priestly seat. His marrying sent the message that family was the essential part of society. By Martin Luther posting his theses on every church door and by that giving rise to the Reformation, Luther showed Christians that they are not above the law and that they must truly live by it in order to also be considered living by Jesus' word. In her lifetime, Susan B.
Anthony wore many hats: a labor activist, a temperance worker, a suffragist, a woman's rights campaigner, and, probably most important of all- an abolitionist and educational reformer. She came from an anti-slavery family. She became a worker for the American Anti-Slavery Society. She spoke up and out for those that could not. She spoke out on matters of racism and bigotry. Anthony was active in the Women's National Loyal League in support of the 13Th amendment. In addition to this, she campaigned for the 14Th and 15Th amendments to include women and minorities in the area of constitutional rights. In 1868, after the disappointment of not seeing women and minorities included in the 14Th and 15Th amendments, she started her own newspaper called The Revolution. In her newspaper, Anthony challenged and attacked anyone who participated in lynchings and racial prejudice in the Rochester
area. Anthony's second most significant contribution was social in nature. She became an education reformer; where her main goal was to see young women admitted into colleges and programs of study that were traditional locked to them and run solely by men. She was the head of the girls school at Cana Jotarie Academy. Previously, this school was open only to boys. She won the position after petitioning the head Professor for the right for girls to attend and for better pay for all female teachers. She was a huge supporter that petitioned and argued for, co-ed education; and for slave children to receive an equal education. Susan B. Anthony, thanks to her upbringing and her family's very strong belief in anti-slavery movements, became a formidable foe when she went up against anyone who denied basic human rights to anyone. For her efforts, former President Jimmy Carter, in 1978, signed the Susan B. Anthony Dollar Coin Act into law. It was an amendment to the Coinage Act of 1965 that changed the entire design of the dollar coin and placed Anthony's image on the front of the coin. She was the first female to ever have her image appear on a circulating U.S. coin. Through all of her combined efforts to fight slavery and abolish it from our vocabulary; to her efforts that saw many educational reforms take place that would now allow a woman to be as equally educated as a man, and allow slave children to receive the same education as the white man's child did; Anthony proved to history that she was not someone to be trifled with.
The practice of selling indulgences became under attack from a monk named Martin Luther in the early 1500’s. Indulgences were used as a means by many church officials to add to their wealth and prestige. By buying an indulgence, one was released for all sin and acceptance into Heaven guaranteed. Luther argued that no one needed to buy admission into Heaven. He believed that people could obtain salvation thru their faith and actions alone. The authority of the Pope was also challenged by Luther believing that religious matters needed to be resolved through the words of the Bible and not an individual’s decision. All of this was set down in Luther’s 95 Thesis that he posted on the Church door in Wittenberg, Germany ("The Reformation Video").
Social and economic stresses of The Protestant Reformation age were just among few of the things that impacted the ordinary population of Europe. The Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious, political, and cultural disorder that divided Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the ordinary population. In northern and central Europe, reformers like Martin Luther, John Calvin and Henry VIII challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s ability to define Christian practice. In 1555 The Peace of Augsburg allowed for the coexistence of Catholicism and Lutheranism in Germany; and in 1648 Treaty of Westphalia, which ended the Thirty Years’ War. The key ideas of the Reformation, a call to purify the church and a belief that the Bible, should be the sole source of spiritual authority. However, Luther and the other reformers became the first to skillfully use the power of the printing press to give their ideas a wide audience.
The Reformation occurred all over Western Europe. It was mostly set in Germany where various parts of corruption in the Church happened. Martin Luther started the process of the Reformation, he was German so he understood how the Catholic Church took advantage and didn't think this was fair. The Catholic Reformation took place between 1450-1650 which was the biggest revolution in Germany, although the understanding of Luther's actions weren't taken notice of until he put the 95 Theses on the Church's door. Luther felt that Bishops and Priests didn't understand the bible correctly. Luther wanted the Reformation to help fix this by helping the uneducated and powerless. Some of the movement of this was
The Protestant Reformation was a period of time (1500-1700) where there became a change in Western Christendom. This reformation was caused by the resentment from the people because the Catholic Church abusing their powers for political and economic advances. In this time the church was selling pardons for sin and indulgences to forgive sins, decrease days spent in purgatory and save the dead from damnation. The reformation was when people became more aware with the back hand dealings with the church and men like Martin Luther and John Calvin created their own churches to what they believed was not corrupt unlike the church. Unfortunately there many consequences as far at the Roman Catholic church attempting to bring people back to the church,
...re and an American hero she devoted her life to working towards equal rights for all women. Through writing, speaking, and campaigning, Anthony and her supporters brought about change in the United States government and gave women the important voice that they had always been denied. Any study of feminism or women’s history would be incomplete without learning about her. She fought for her beliefs for 50 years and led the way for women to be granted rights as citizens of their country, Thanks to Anthony’s persistence, several years after her death, in 1920 women were given the right by the Nineteenth Amendment of the Constitution. I do believe she was the key figure in women getting the right to vote. “She will forever stand alone and unapproached, her fame continually increasing as evolution lifts humanity into higher appreciation of justice and liberty.”
He was the man that formed the base of the Protestant Reformation. Luther knew he had to take action on this convictions immediately. So on behalf of the rebellion against indulgences and other Catholic doctrine, Luther created a “ Disputation on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences” or more commonly known as “The 95 Theses.” The 95 Theses were a list of topics to discuss and propose the idea of indulgences. Or as some people would say to protest the sale of the indulgences of the Roman Catholic Church. The main seller of these indulgences was a man named John Tetzel who had promised the Christians that by paying they were “instantly” saved from sin. Legend says that on October 31, 1517, Martin Luther’s 95 Theses were nailed onto the doors of the Wittenberg Castle Church. Luther knew that this revolt was not violent, but was only intended to educate
Martin Luther was not fond of the practices the Roman Catholic church of indulgences. Indulgences are a practice where worshippers would pay their priest which granted remission for their sins (“Indulgences."). This practice became increasingly corrupt. In the 95 Theses, Luther, became prominent in the Protestant Reformation due to its humble and academic tone (A&E Television Networks, LLC.). For example, in the second theses he states, “The word cannot be properly understood as referring to the sacrament of penance, i.e. confession and satisfaction, as administered by the clergy.” This means that only god can give salvation, not a priest. He is questioning why we must pay to re...
The protestant reformation of 16th century had both: immediate and long term effects. Thus, we can see that it was a revolution of understanding the essence of religion, and of what God is. The protestant reformation is said to a religious movement. However, it also influenced the economical, political and social life of people. The most global, short term effect of the reformation was the reevaluation of beliefs, and, as a result, the loss of authority of the Holy Roman Empire. The long term effects were: the emergence of new heretical movements, the declining of papacy, thus the reevaluation of people’s view on the church and life values.
Martin Luther’s view on indulgences appears in many of his writings including Luther’s 95 Theses and The Statement of Grievances. Martin Luther believes that the Papacy should not have a role in collecting taxes, indulgences, or any ways of drawing income from the German nation. On number twenty-three in the Letter to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, Luther states “The brotherhoods, and for that matter, indulgences, letters of indulgences, and everything of that kind, should be snuffed out and brought to an end”. Martin Luther wants the German nation to get rid of indulgences since the indulgence sellings can harm the integrity of the church. Indulgences were not new to the German nation during the 16th century. Indulgences have been around for three centuries prior to 1520 even before Martin Luther’s Letter to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation was published. With indulgences, the German nation pays for their sins to be forgiven. The church makes most of its profits from the public by selling these indulgences. In Carter Lindberg’s The European Reformation, Carter Lindberg states “An indulgence, then, drew on the treasure of the church to pay off the debt of the penitent sinner who would otherwise be obligated to pay off the penance by works of satisfaction either in life or in purgatory”. For example, in
To construct Saint Peters Basilica, Archbishop Albert borrowed money from the Fuggers (wealthy banking family). To pay for this loan Pope Leo X gave permission to Archbishop Albert to sell indulgences in Germany. An indulgence is a way to reconcile with God, by confessing your sins to a priest and perform a penance. By the later Middle Ages people believed that indulgence removed all their sins and ensured entry to heaven. The selling of indulgence troubled Luther, he thought people were ignorant to believe that they didn’t have to repent after they bought an indulgence.
In 1863 Anthony organized a Women’s National Loyal League with her friend Elizabeth Cady Stanton. They did this in order to support the Thirteenth Amendment that made slavery illegal. After doing this they campaigned full citizenship for all people in the United States, but the government excluded women from when they granted full citizenship to people. From 1869-1890 she was a founder and officer of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, together she and Stanton formed it in May of 1869.When Anthony became president of the National American Suffrage Association in the 1890’s she supported the importance of getting the support of organized labor. She also supported Florence Kelley and Jane Addams in their work in Chicago, also Gail Laughlin in her journey seeking protection for women who work. When the suffrage movement split in 1869 the Association continued to cam...
People started to see the logic in his words and they started to break away from the Catholic church and in the process starting the protestant reformation. In his theses Luther believed that Faith not good deeds could save a person. People were convinced when they were told that if they pay so much money that their loved ones would be able to get out of purgatory and make it to heaven. Indulgences such as this was one of the major things that made Martin Luther so angry and adamant of writing his 95 theses because he wanted to see a change in the Catholic
Luther highly disputed the Roman Catholic Church and their views of indulgences. Luther believed that no man should be equal to god and all shall worship him and him only. According to an article from questia.com “Luther’s Ninety-five these advances his position against what he saw as abusive practices by preachers selling plenary indulgences. “The shows how people can commit sins and are able to purchase a document stating that the deeds they have committed are gone. Luther’s other claims are that the church didn’t allow merciful acts, giving to the poor and the indulgence certificates are spiritually more valuable than any other thing. Luther believed that the only true Christian way to remove your sins was repentance which allow you to be forgiven on a spiritual
The Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century is one of the most complex movements in European history since the fall of the Roman Empire. The Reformation truly ends the Middle Ages and begins a new era in the history of Western Civilization. The Reformation ended the religious unity of Europe and ushered in 150 years of religious warfare. By the time the conflicts had ended, the political and social geography in the west had fundamentally changed. The Reformation would have been revolutionary enough of itself, but it coincided in time with the opening of the Western Hemisphere to the Europeans and the development of firearms as effective field weapons. It coincided, too, with the spread of Renaissance ideals from Italy and the first stirrings of the Scientific Revolution. Taken together, these developments transformed Europe.
Standing out as one of the major errors of the Catholic Church was the creation of indulgences, which sought to obtain money through the faith of the parishioners, granting them forgiveness of sins and the absolution of punishment in purgatory. Martin Luther wanted to discuss these ideas created by the Church, creating a major dispute between ambition and