Problems in LEDC Cities
Less economically developed countries, known as LEDC's, encounter many
problems such as infrastructure, pollution, education, employment and
also housing. The extent of the seriousness of these problems varies
in each country, but as the countries are not yet more economically
developed, the problems are in fact quite major for the LEDC cities.
One of the main problems in LEDC cities is housing. The population
growth of the cities is much faster than the growth of wealth and so
there is not sufficient affordable housing for the new migrants or the
growing families and as a result people are being forced to live in
makeshift spontaneous settlements and shanty towns. The amounts of
people that live in shanty towns is outrageous and for example in
Nairobi fifty five percent of the population lives in makeshift homes
on just 6 per cent of the city's residential land area. The shanty
towns are built on any spare land such as swamps or even rubbish tips,
this promotes major heath issues to the people who live there which is
probably why infant mortality rates are so high in these shanty town
areas. Most dwellings have just one room and in the average household
there will be four or five people living there. The shanty towns lack
basic amenities such as electricity, gas, drainage, running water and
toilets and in Mumbai there is just one communal tap that only runs
for an hour a day, but in other places such as Nairobi the people have
to try and pay for their water at inflated prices or either get it
from the Nairobi Dam which is polluted.
Another major problem in the LEDC cities is the poor Infrastructure.
As the population continues to grow, the existing infrastructure
cannot cope. The families in the LEDC cities live in poverty with
little or no money for food or clothes. The money that they do have
for food is spent in the local fly ridden shops and is only spent on
poor quality foods as that is all that these shops stock.
Kenya is in a malnourished area, so the farmers should sell their produce more locally for better improvements
“F.A.T City” was an eye-opening documentary that enlightened me about people with learning disabilities in schools. To begin, the acronym F(frustration) A(anxiety) T(Tension) was a clever name to describe the documentary. Teachers, parents and other helping profession in schools can cause F.A.T towards learning disabled (LD) students without being aware of the harm that is occurring. I really appreciate that teachers were not the only participants in the film. There were parents, a student, a LD student, a technician, different types of therapist, psychologist and other professionals in schools. The diverse participants allowed everyone to become more mindful in their role when assisting a LD student. As a paraprofessional, I learned quality
The arrival of immigrants triggered a rapid urbanization of the major cities in the United States. New buildings were built to keep up with the city’s population increase, new modes of transportation were built in order to get across the city faster, and settlement house were created The immigrants rushed into cities causing skyscrapers and tenements to be build. As a result of limited land, businesses decide to build the business up instead of out. In addition, many of the immigrants were poor, so the tenement was invented. A tenement is a building full of small apartments that would house many families. Document two shows an immigrant family living in one of these tenements. In addition, to changes in building there were also changes
How has this book advanced the study of urban environments? In “The Origins of the Urban Crisis” we have learned what can happen in a very industrial city when it pertains to one major industry and what the differences are between the way that different races are treated when it comes to the hiring, laying off, and firing differences as the industry changes. I feel that this book has taught us that industries are always changing and that they need to advance and move to keep up with the demands that the industries have to offer. This book focuses on the 1940s through roughly the 1970s, this was a time when equal rights and major racial discrimination were very big issues that not only Michigan faced, but, cities have faced all over the United States. During this time, was also when there was a major rise in the automobile industry. As the automobile industry took off and we learned that as technology advances that there is not as much
It was 1805 when the first city consolidation was approved of by a public referendum. The city of New Orleans and the county Orleans Parish merged to form one consolidated government. The news of the merger spread throughout the United States, the event influenced residents of cities and counties to pursue the same change in government in their areas. And so a series of city consolidation were approved of by a public referendum in major metropolitan areas including Boston-Suffolk County (1821), Philadelphia-Philadelphia County (1854), San Francisco-San Francisco County (1856), New York City and five counties (1874) (Murphy, 2012).
Transportation systems are what support the high levels of accumulation and concentration within cities. The bigger the city, the more complex its urban problems are if not properly managed. The largest transportation problems occur when public transportation systems fail to fulfill the many requirements of urban mobility. Urban efficiency is highly dependent on its transportation systems to move consumers, labor, and goods from one point to another. The most outstanding urban transportation issues in the United States are: traffic congestion, longer commuting, inadequacy of public transport, green transportation difficulty, and good distribution (Rodrigue).
CitySquare is a non-profit organization based out of Dallas that aims at fighting poverty by means of assistance in “hunger, health, housing and hope.” The dedicated volunteers with CitySquare work to provide food, housing, education, mental-health assistance, and even job training to people in need. They go beyond providing the necessities by equipping people with real-world skills and experience that will allow them to break out of poverty and work towards success. CitySquare’s impact ranges from young adults transitioning out of the foster care system to people without homes who need a helping hand to get on their feet.
money to put food on the table one day and the next day they might not have any
The City of Progress recommendations to best balance resident interest in bed and breakfasts and to increase tourism, while limiting neighborhood disturbances, focusses on sustainable development agreements and controls. The following paper will explore the best practices to allow the planning department and council to meet all resident objectives and allow for a sustainable tourism industry. Senior Planning recommendations for maintainable growth and resident satisfaction include controls/discretionary use and/or development agreements in order to deal with the residents’ intent on providing bed and breakfast in its community. These options give council flexibility, while at the same time control when giving permissions to residents for
In recent years Portland, Oregon has become one of the country’s most popular cities to live in. The influx of technology, creative marketing industries and environmental consciousness have all lead to the desirability of the area. Although the number of pull factors drawing people to Portland is high, Portland’s racial reputation is the main cause of gentrification in this area. Portland is becoming one of the United State’s worst example of displacement of Black residents, and the fastest gentrifying city. (Savitch-Lew, 2016) “Portland has experienced gentrification in more neighborhoods than any other of the nation’s fifty largest cities since 2000.” (Law, 2015) Portland neighborhoods are being hit hard by this. The popularity of the city
Education is an integral part of society, school helps children learn social norms as well as teach them how to be successful adults. The school systems in United States, however are failing their students. In the world as a whole, the United States is quickly falling behind other countries in important math and reading scores. The United States ranked thirtieth in math on a global scale and twentieth in literacy. This is even more true in more urban, lower socio-economic areas in the United States. These schools have lower test scores and high dropout rates. In Trenton Central High School West, there was an 83% proficiency in literacy and only 49% of the students were proficient in math. Many of these students come from minority backgrounds and are often from low income families. There are many issues surrounding these urban schools. There is a severe lack of proper funding in these districts, and much of the money they do receive is sanctioned for non-crucial things. Schools also need a certain level of individualization with their students, and in many urban classes, this simply does not happen. While there are many factors affecting the low performance of urban schools, the lack of proper funding and distribution of funds, the cultural divide between teachers and students in urban districts, along with the lack of individualization in urban classrooms are crucial reasons to explain the poor performance in these districts. Through a process of teacher lead budget committees and further teacher education, urban schools can be transformed and be better equipped to prepare their students for the global stage.
Recent years have witnessed a large number of Indian English fiction writers who have stunned the literary world with their works. The topics dealt with are contemporary and populist and the English is functional, communicative and unpretentious. Novels have always served as a guide, a beacon in a conflicting, chaotic world and continue to do so. A careful study of Indian English fiction writers show that there are two kinds of writers who contribute to the genre of novels: The first group of writers include those who are global Indians, the diasporic writers, who are Indians by birth but have lived abroad, so they see Indian problems and reality objectively. The second group of writers are those born and brought up in India, exposed to the attitudes, morale and values of the society. Hence their works focus on the various social problems of India like the plight of women, unemployment, poverty, class discrimination, social dogmas, rigid religious norms, inter caste marriages, breakdown of relationships etc.
World Health Organization [WHO] (n.d.) defines health policy as “decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific health care goals within a society”. It promotes the society to move forward to Healthy Cities, ensuring that everyone in the community receives the care they need. This concept is closely connected to social justice, which I wrote about in the first journal. Social justice is aimed to build the common ground for all individuals no matter what they do and where they are from. It can be said that the social justice illustrates a broad meaning, and Healthy Policy is a critical part in achieving social justice. This journal is to explore the concept of Healthy Cities movement which goes together with Health Policy and the role of
Wicked problems refer to socio-cultural difficulties that are impossible to solve due inadequacy of knowledge, large number of involved opinions of people, heavy effect on the economy, and the interlinked manner of the given problems to others. Wicked, in this context, represents something that opposes resolution. Various urban problems are persistent due to their wicked characteristics. This paper seeks to contextualize three wicked urban issues, namely, urban biodiversity, urban street planning, and urban smart cities, as reported in news articles. This will necessitate a better understanding of the specified wicked problems as a way of finding probable solutions.
Even thou there is enough food to eat, but most people cannot afford because of poverty. Scientific research proves that every person needs roughly over 2000 calories in their body a day to obtain a normal healthy body (healthy eating). Individual affected by hunger and poverty suffers normal body function, physically or mentally which harm their abilities in their future. According to the recent Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) statistic, "most of the world 's hungry people live in developing nations. Hunger is approximately distributed among people as follows:578 million people in Asia and the Pacific, 239 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa,53 million people in Latin America and the Caribbean,37 million men and women in the Near East and North Africa. That compared to 19 million people in developed countries." Almost 50 to 75 percent of hunger in most African countries by the war that destroys most of the country 's natural resources; Somalia and D.R Congo are examples of