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Essays about the origin of life
Essays about the origin of life
Essays about the origin of life
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This research paper gives a brief overview of the most popular hypotheses on the origin of life. This includes Primordial Soup, Iron-Sulfur world, Deep Sea vent, RNA world, Community clay, and Panspermia. This document is stating information I researched about these hypotheses and I am giving some basic background information to the reader. If you don’t know much about these theories on how life began, then this is a good paper to read so you can get a general understanding of the hypotheses stated above. The research done below is meant to show a basic synopsis of the information I found by researching the information on the various theories of the origin of life. If you would like to learn more about any of these hypotheses, you can refer …show more content…
The primordial soup theory was proposed in 1924.They believed that with the gasses in the atmosphere and the compounds in the ocean, along with strikes of lightning, this could suddenly form amino acids to form the first life forms. Later, in 1953, Stanley Miller and Harold Urey tested the hypothesis with an experiment known as the Miller-Urey experiment, which included gases from a reducing atmosphere, a simulation of an ocean, and lightning strikes to cause the organic compounds to form. This experiment did show that the compounds formed in this environment. Scientists later found flaws with the experiment, such as they simulated constant strikes of lightning, but lightning strikes are not constant on Earth even though they are very frequent. Joan Oro also showed that adenine was formed by heating water-based ammonia and cyanide …show more content…
There is not a specific year that Anaxagoras first used the name of this theory. This theory states that life forms may have come to Earth from another planet, via asteroids or meteoroids. Particles may have fallen down to Earth and “seeded” early life. These may have come from Mars and could have been Martian life, making us all related to Martians. The life may have come from another galaxy. There are 3 main types of the panspermia theory: 1. Interstellar, which says rocks from a planet could carry biological matter to a different solar system; 2. Interplanetary, can carry life forms from one planet to another; and 3. Directed, spreading living matter purposefully by humans. Anaxagoras stated this theory as everything existed in the beginning, it might have been small parts of each organism, but they were there as “seeds” of life in forms that didn’t look like what they do now. They later evolved into what we know
This way both of the bacteria organisms would be benefiting from a form of symbiosis. Other studies show that prior to the Cambrian Explosion of Eukaryote Organisms the oxygen levels began to soar immensely at about 2.5 billion years ago, followed by the first nucleated cell 1.5 billion years ago. Another important factor to this theory is one discovery made by a professor Kwang Jeon of the University of Tennessee. In 987 he noticed that his amoeba collection were developing large numbers of dots. These dots later turned out to be a bacterial invasion, they began killing of the professor's collection.
The next theory that he disproved was the “Primordial Soup Theory”. Sir Fred Hoyle scoffed at the ridiculous atheistic notion when he said, “The notion that a living cell could be arrived at by chance in a primordial organic soup here on earth is evidently nonsense of a high order.” “There was no primeval soup, neither on this planet, nor on any other, and if the beginning of life were not random, life must therefore have been the product of purposeful intelligence” (Donyes
Philip G. Fothergill, Historical Aspects of Organic Evolution, pub. 1953 by the Philosophical Library Inc., 15 East 40th Street, New York, NY
(bethinking.org) Life demands a certain chemistry. The information that makes up any living being is stored on a long molecule called DNA. (answeringenesis.org) If the laws of chemistry were different life as we know it would not be possible. The question of how the universe came to be as it is and how we as humans came about often resonates deeply, particularly with scientists. Many conversations between scientist Christians and other scientists about God and Christ end up considering biological evolution or the Big Bang. Chemistry’s contribution to the story of our origins the transformation of inanimate matter into the first living organisms is much less well understood than other areas of our origins. However, many parts of the process are increasingly understood and we may eventually know the molecular details of the origin of life. As Christians, we need to think through how we would respond to a developed theory in this area.
Biosphere The Realm Of Life. Authors: Robert A. Wallace, Jack L.King , Gerald P.Sanders – 1998
This theory was developed from the combined efforts of many different researchers. Together, Konstantin Mereschkowsky, Boris Mikhaylovich Kozo-Polyansky, Ivan Wallin, and Lynn Margulis are the main researchers whom coined the term “symbiogenesis” referring to the long term, or permanent physical association between “differently named partners” (taxa), or the genesis of new species through the merging of two or more existing species (Margulis). Endosymbiosis and symbiogenesis define hypothetical theories thought to justify the origin of species in addition to the processes of natural selection and random mutation. B.M. Kozo-Polyansky and Lynn Margulis, who very much admired Kozo-Polyansky’s work, both believed symbiogenesis was the major source of innovation for evolution (Margulis). The most well known of the first speculations about the origin of organelles, was Mereschkowsky. He primarily studied the chloroplast and was the first to suggest they were obtained initially from unicellular organisms that had been “enslaved” as endosymbionts. However, his theory was turned ...
Around 700 BC, the poet Hesiod’s Theogony wrote the first cosmogony, or origin story, of Greek mythology. The poet tells the story of the universe’s journey from nothingness to being, and details a family tree of gods and goddesses who evolved from Chaos and descended from Earth, Sea, Sky and the Underworld.
Audesirk, T. (2003). Life on Earth. In (Ed.), (3rd ed., pp. 581-620). New York: Pearson Custom Publishing - Prentice Hall, Inc..
There are several theories about how the Cambrian Explosion started. There were major changes in marine environments and chemistry from the late Precambrian into the Cambrian, and these also may have impacted the rise of mineralized skeletons among previously soft-bodied organisms. One theory as to what happened is that oxygen in the atmosphere, with the contribution of photosy...
- - -. The Rise of Life on Earth. New York: New Directions, 1991. Print.
“The greatest mystery of existence is existence itself” (Chopra). Chopra, a world-renowned author, perceives the existence of life as a truly mystifying cerebration. The pending question that many scientist, and even theists, attempt to answer is how life ultimately began. Currently, the mystery is left with two propositions, evolution and creation. While both approaches attempt to answer the origins of life, evolution and creation are two contrasting concepts. Evolution views life to be a process by which organisms diversified from earlier forms whereas creation illustrates that life was created by a supernatural being. Creation and evolution both agree on the existence of microevolution and the resemblance of apes and humans but vary in terms of interpreting the origins of the life through a historical standpoint. A concept known as Faith Vs Fact comprehensively summarizes the tone of this debate, which leads the question of how life began.
This hypothesis emerged when scientists found organic molecules in meteorites from the universe. Some investigators wondered if the abiotic production of organic materials in the soil was absolutely basic to the origin of life. Maybe some organic materials from elsewhere in the universe had arrived in the early earth.
He has a student who shared most of his beliefs, his name was Anaximander. While Anaximander shared Thales belief of material monism, he belied the material to be something different. He thought water to be too finite, and that even though there was a possibility that water could form everything, there had to be another substance instead. The substance Anaximander believed to be the one that made everything up was Apeiron which is the Greek word for boundless. He believed if everything was going to be made up of something the material had to be boundless and indefinite yet malleable. This material had to lend itself to be shaped or put in a boundary but not permanently, at one point it had to break to break down to become something else. Anaximander never really chose a specific material and left it as a "something" however, he was the first man to describe an early theory of evolution and gravity. Anaximander's early theory of evolution, was that he believed that humans came from a fish. He believed that the early humans had to have had a thorny skin as a way to hold water in. Furthermore, he believed that humans came from fish. As a way of explaining how humans survived the first ears of lives he suggested that they grew in the bellies of fish until puberty and then came out able to sustain themselves. Still, life began in the water. Anaximander, also showed early notions of gravity and though he thought that the earth was shaped like a column, he understood that something was evenly pulling the earth in place. Anaximander became a teacher as well and down his to his student Anaximenes.
From this, Darwin established his theory of natural selection and how slowly over time creatures evolve to become more suited to their surroundings. Natural selection is thought to be the major process responsible for the human evolution. The Origin of Life There are many theories of how life started on earth and no one knows exactly how it happened. In 1953 Stanley Miller and Harold Urey showed that amino acids could form in the early earth atmosphere. They replicated the conditions in the early world and sparked the chemical that was present which represented a lightning bolt.
Francis Crick, co-discoverer of DNA, has said that “the origin of life appears to be almost a miracle, so many are the conditions which would have to be satisfied to get it going” (Horgan 27).2 Noted evolutionary astronomer Frederick Hoyle has described the chances of life having evolved from nonlife to be about as likely as the chances that “a tornado sweeping through a junkyard might assemble a Boeing 747 from the materials therein” (Johnson 106). Why do respected scientists doubt what textbooks teach as fact? It would appear that these scientists know something that current theories describing the origin of life fail to explain. While current theories describe scenarios in which genetic material such as RNA becomes entrapped in a protective cell membrane as a likely recipe for the formation of life, they generally do not focus on the difficulties of forming and concentrating all of these components in the first place.3 To clarify, current theories suffer from what I call the “cookbook mentality.