Primary Active Transport

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Active transport is the process of transporting substances like molecules and ions against their concentration gradient which is from a lower concentration to a higher concentration. This process requires energy in the form of ATP to move molecules through the cell membrane. Primary and secondary transport are the two different types of active transport. In primary active transport, the substances like molecules and ions need to be transported and serve as pumps by using the chemical energy ATP. The sodium potassium pump in the cell will use ATP to pump three sodium ions which has a high concentration out of the cell and two potassium ions with low concentration into the cell.
Secondary active transport is the form of transporting molecules …show more content…

Soluble particles like oxygen are diffused whereas waste products like water and carbon dioxide are released out of the cell using passive transport. Simple diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion are some of the types of passive transport.

Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from a level of higher concentration to lower concentration through a permeable membrane to equalize the concentration. Once the particles have equal concentration on both sides of the cell membrane, they will continue to move in both directions but at an equal rate. For example, water moving in and out of the cell at the same time. Diffusion may be a simple diffusion or a facilitated diffusion.

Simple diffusion is a process when the molecules are moved along a concentration gradient across the partially permeable membrane and occurs when the water molecules and solutes form hydrogen bonds. Small molecules that can pass through the cell membrane through simple diffusion are oxygen, carbon dioxide. Since O2 and Co2 are hydrophobic in nature, they can easily pass through the hydrophobic layer of the membrane without any assistance from higher concentration to lower

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