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Stages of child language acquisition
Stages of child language acquisition
Stages of child language acquisition
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Thesis statement: As human beings we have the ability to learn every and each language that we are exposed to during our first years in this world. Furthermore, there are several differences between the ways that comprehend and learn our mother-tongue and our second language. Our second language is somehow our mother-tongue too since being called a second language and not a foreign one means that it is used in our community.The primal stages of first language acquisition are the pre-language stage, one word stage, two words stage, telegraphic speech, basic master, also elaboration and expansion, while the second acquisition early stages are the pre-production or silent period, the early production period, the speech emergence period, The Intermediate …show more content…
Even if the baby uses plenty of words compared to the prior stages it is still not nearly enough, since it can only barely make sense. The sentences it creates are from three to four words just connecting the words. It can also use plurals and attempts to figure out how the tenses work. The progress here leads to the fact that the child is able to make more complete sentences than before such as ( He is playing ball, mommy eat carrot). The last stage is the basic mastery where it is complete by the age of four or five years old. At that point the young child has already acquired over 1000 words and the basics of morphology, phonology and syntax. Even if these are the stages of first language acquisition there is also the continued acquisition due to the fact that a child keeps learning for numerous years about the language and apart from that there are some grammatical or semantic rules especially in Eastern countries that take longer time for children to …show more content…
Direct translation from your first language to the second does not usually work. One fluent speaker of two languages would be able to distinguish the differences between the languages due to the fact that he has two habbits. Component speakers have the ability to move from one language to the other and thinking like the native speakers do when they talk, without translating. (Weigel, May, 1919). The initial stages in both first language and second language acquisition are crucial for a person to take the starting steps and gather knowledge about the world around him. Furthermore, it is ironic how an adult has a variety of similar elements with a baby, when he learns a new language. Even if babies seem to be uncapable of doing anything in that age, they are skillful enough to learn a language from zero, without having any experience in the past and that alone is a
Their intellectual development increases as they start to communicate and socialise with others. The baby will talk in a language to express themselves and how they are feeling gaining knowledge.
The 'Secondary'. The dynamic systems approach in the study of L1 and L2 acquisition: An introduction. The Modern Language Journal, 92, 179-199.
18-22 months a two-word stage. 22-36 months the child is learning word modifications and rules for sentences. Age 3-7 or 8 years old mastering ASL
.... Infants also have the ability to discriminate between languages at an early age so it is clear that if part of a bilingual nursery, languages that are used are done so on a regular basis. This will prevent the infants from losing the ability to hear differences in speech, which occurs as they age. It can also be noted that from a young aged infants become sophisticated in their understanding of their native language.
After Lenneberg's (1967) advanced analyses and interpretation of critical period in regards to first language acquisition, many researchers began to relate and study age issue in second language acquisition. In this area of study, Johnson and Newport (1989) is among the most prominent and leading studies which tries to seek evidence to test the Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH) in second language (L2) acquisition. This study aims to find identifying answers to the question of age-related effects on the proficiency for languages learned prior the puberty.
There are many theories on how a person acquires a language. One can see that technology has influenced the way we input information as well as how we gather data based on these Second Language Acquisition (SLA) theories. For example, today’s technology has helped us study the way the human brain works, and this is what our theories of SLA are based on. So it is evident that many of the SLA theories are based on the way the human brain works and how it develops. Moving on, this case study is based on two Spanish speakers who are English Language Learners (ELL) and how they were led to determine the SLA on the subject of their speech. The two Spanish speakers that are analyzed during this investigation are Elizabeth, a five-year old girl, and
There are five stages of oral language development, these stages show what the child should be learning at what ages and what you should expect next. The five stages are cooing, babbling, one-word stage, telegraphic
Thiessen, E. D., Hill, E. A., & Saffran, J. R. (2005). Infant-directed speech facilitates word segmentation. Infancy, 7(1), 53-71.
The second stage of cognitive development is Preoperational Stage (age 2 to age 7). During this stage, children’s “vocabulary and grammatical structures rapidly develops” (Ormrod, 2012, 149), and children uses their “intuition rather than on conscious awareness of logical principles” (Ormrod, 2012, 149).
Babies begin to develop language skills long before they embark on speaking. The foundation for learning language begins before birth by the baby listening and recognizing his/her mother’s heartbeat and voice in the womb. “In a study, researchers played a 2-minute recording of a popular Chinese poem to 60 pregnant women and their unborn babies while monitoring total heart rates. Heart rates rose while the babies listened to their own mother's voice, but they fell and stayed lower while the stranger recited. Obviously, the babies were paying close attention, leading the researchers to suspect they were not only recognizing morn, but beginning to learn the ins and outs of language” (Dawidowska and Harrar (2003))....
The goals previously mentioned were developed according to biological maturation and social interactionism theories. According to Norman Geschwind et. al., “language is a product of brain structures and functions which play a primary role in supporting language acquisition.” The fact that George’s grandfather reported that the mother would smoke and drink while pregnant may be the environmental factor of why George has a learning disability. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, it is stated that when women drink while pregnant characteristics such as facial abnormalities, growth retardation, and brain damage, which is demonstrated by intellectual difficulties, can be seen in children. As for the biological maturation theory, it is stated that neuroscientists have added evidence that the cerebellum and thalamus play roles in language learning; therefore, George’s learning disability can be attributed to the environmental factors, the mother drinking and smoking while
There are three main theories of child language acquisition; Cognitive Theory, Imitation and Positive Reinforcement, and Innateness of Certain Linguistic Features (Linguistics 201). All three theories offer a substantial amount of proof and experiments, but none of them have been proven entirely correct. The search for how children acquire their native language in such a short period of time has been studied for many centuries. In a changing world, it is difficult to pinpoint any definite specifics of language because of the diversity and modification throughout thousands of millions of years.
Children are generally gone through the stage of "first sound", "babbling"," first words", "the two word", telegraphy to infinity" and eventually constructing more complex sentence as the stages move on. Human species genetically acquire their first language out of innateness. Moreover, the difficultness of each language is considered equal are children who acquired their first language.
Further in this term-paper I am going to describe the stages in child language acquistion starting from the very birth of an infant till the onset of puberty.
According to (Wisniewski, 2007), second language learning process differs from first language acquisition, with the latter taking place usually from infancy in a community using a specific language and affected mainly by neurological developments in the brain (McCain, 2000) while the former taking place usually in schools or later in life and affected by age and associated characteristics (McCain, 2000).