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Essay of price elasticity
Competition in the mobile phone industry
Essay of price elasticity
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Recommended: Essay of price elasticity
Prices, Elasticity and Competition
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
This research is on the product of Nokia 8210,including the state of
price,the elasticity of demand and the state of competition which
affect Nokia 8210 and the firm in the mobile phone market.
The main obstacles are selecting information from the given resourses
awide range of information accurate. To get the most widely
information, I decide to do my survey on the internet.
How will I answer the questions :
1. How is the product affected by price and non-price competition?
-- Find out Change of price and change of demand in a certain period
to find the effect of price competetion.
-- Find the marketing strategies taken by Nokia8210 and its
competetors to find the effectof non-price competetion..
2. What is the elastisity of demande for Nokia 8210?
-- Find out Change of price and change of demand in a certain period
to work out the price elasticity .
-- Find out change of demand after change in income to work out the
income elasticity.
-- Find out the change of demand of other comodities after change of
price of Nokia8210 to work out the cross elasticity.
3. what competition affects Nokia 8210?
-- Find out Change of price and change of demand in a certain period.
-- Find the stratigies Nokia8210 and its competitor use in their
marketing?
4. Describe the market share of Nokia 8210 and all of the Nokia's
products.
-- Work out the market share by survey.
BRAINSTORMING:
About the product:
Because you have a keen eye for style, the Nokia 8210 is your
definitive accessory, formal or casual. To begin with, it has a
distinctively sleek shape that rests delicately on your palm. Weighing
only 79g it comes with sleek contours that make to Nokia 8210
appealing at all times. The keypad comes with a silver coating and
lends an attractive finishing touch to any of the changeable Xpress -
On front covers. More than a truly eye catching accessory, the Nokia
Rivalry among established firms is fierce. There are several factors that illustrate this: established market players (6.1). The product is highly standardized and the switching costs of the customers are low. Players are aggressive (6.2)
Topic A (oligopoly) - "The ' An oligopoly is defined as "a market structure in which only a few sellers offer similar or identical products" (Gans, King and Mankiw 1999, pp.-334). Since there are only a few sellers, the actions of any one firm in an oligopolistic market can have a large impact on the profits of all the other firms. Due to this, all the firms in an oligopolistic market are interdependent on one another. This relationship between the few sellers is what differentiates oligopolies from perfect competition and monopolies.
Are you an extensive traveller? Do you love music? Then your answer is a MP3 Player, a device that allows you to listen to your favorite music on the go. There is nothing like putting on the head set, laying back and listening to some refreshing music when you are exhausted. This is when a MP3 player comes in handy.
All consumers should aware themselves of the factors involved with price elasticity and how the traits potentially impact their purchases and personal or commercial budgets. Commercial firms have the problem of managing price elasticity with their products and prices and governments have a constant problem of determining taxes from price elasticity. I used three examples to attempt solving how firms manage their products with price elasticity factoring with Proctor & Gamble, the oil, and airline industries. I used government examples of how the attempts to collect data to formulate their policies for taxation on elastic and inelastic products while also describing how the US Postal Service uses price elasticity to compete with corporate competition. Exposure to these factors of price elasticity will generate consumers’ awareness of firms and governments role to determine goods or services at a particular price.
In a capitalist economy there are both wanted and unwanted monopolies. However, in a capitalist economy certain monopolies are needed. Monopolies have a big impact on the economy and the consumers because of the amount of control that the monopolies have on the economy. There are certain times when it is best to have monopolies then others, it really depends on the status of the economy. There is no doubt that monopolies do indeed play a critical role in a capitalist economy, but sometimes there are negative effects.
In this following report I will discuss the phone industry and analysed it in great detail. I will analysis the market structure and try and understand why the mobile industry falls to heavily oligopoly structure. I will highlight all the structures, however I will discuss in detail how, for example Vodafone can be incorporated in the porter’s five forces method to show how the mobile industry has devolved over the years and to understand if consumers are driven by the actual technology of the phone but if it driven more by style.
Telecommunications gained mainstream attention in the early 90’s; however the initial key market was business men and women, who used their phones whilst being on the move and so allowing them to communicate with their companies with ease. Though in the modern era, telecommunication went through segmentation in the market trends, and now in this day and age it would be difficult to find someone who does not own some form of mobile technology. Many phone providers battle to provide the best service for their customers (Figure 1).
The market price of a good is determined by both the supply and demand for it. In the world today supply and demand is perhaps one of the most fundamental principles that exists for economics and the backbone of a market economy. Supply is represented by how much the market can offer. The quantity supplied refers to the amount of a certain good that producers are willing to supply for a certain demand price. What determines this interconnection is how much of a good or service is supplied to the market or otherwise known as the supply relationship or supply schedule which is graphically represented by the supply curve. In demand the schedule is depicted graphically as the demand curve which represents the amount of goods that buyers are willing and able to purchase at various prices, assuming all other non-price factors remain the same. The demand curve is almost always represented as downwards-sloping, meaning that as price decreases, consumers will buy more of the good. Just as the supply curves reflect marginal cost curves, demand curves can be described as marginal utility curves. The main determinants of individual demand are the price of the good, level of income, personal tastes, the population, government policies, the price of substitute goods, and the price of complementary goods.
Elasticity is one of the most important theories in economics and it is a measure of responsiveness (Baker, 2006)i. There are mainly two types of elasticity, the elasticity of demand which includes price elasticity of demand, income elasticity of demand, and cross elasticity of demand as well as elasticity of supply (McConnell, Brue, & Flynn, 2009)ii. The degree to which a demand or supply curve reacts to a change in price is the curve's elasticity (Lingham, 2009)iii. Elasticity varies among products because some products may be more essential to the consumer.
A single firm or company is a producer, all the producers in the market form and industry, and the people places and consumers that an Industry plans to sell their goods is the market. So supply is simply the amount of goods producers, or an industry is willing to sell at a specific prices in a specific time. Subsequently there is a law of supply that reflects a direct relationship between price and quantity supplied. All else being equal the quantity supplied of an item increases as the price of that item increases. Supply curve represents the relationship between the price of the item and the quantity supplied. The Quantity supplied in a market is just the amount that firms are willing to produce and sell now.
In 1990, Nokia Mobile Phones (NMP) was the smallest of the five business divisions of Nokia, with annual sales of $500 million and 3,051 employees. Jorma Olilla, the new president of NMP, in the same year led the division to become the world's second largest manufacturer of mobile telephones after Motorola in just a year and half later. Motorola and NEC, the close third competitor, were the dominant players with a combined 33 percent global market share, compared with NMP's share of 13 percent. During this period, the main customers of mobile phones were business users who could afford the high prices. The everyday consumers were not overly attracted by these high prices and limited functional phones. Despite these limitations, the cellular market was growing rapidly, which brought more Asian producers into the competition. To make the matter worse, there was much proprietary technology and equipment required for analog standards around the globe. The emergence of digital technology provided a hope for a uniform communication standard. As a result, NMP had to make a difficult decision regarding which technology to commit significant resources to.
One method that Toyota can consider is using the price elasticity of demand to determine whether to increase or decrease the sale price of their automobiles. The responsiveness or sensitivity of consumers to a price change is measured by a product's price elasticity of demand (McConnell & Brue, 2004). Market goods can be described as elastic or inelastic goods as change in quantity demanded for that good. If demand is elastic, a decrease in price will increase total revenue. Even though a lower price would generate lower sales revenue per unit, more than enough additional units would be sold to offset lower price (McConnell & Brue, 2004). In a normal market condition, a price increase leads to a decreased demand, and a price decrease leads to increased demand. However, a change in income affecting demand is more complex.
Under the circumstance that the mobile phone industry entered the 3rd generation, Nokia faced competition from both macro level and industry level. For the macro level, the government encouraged competition among the operators and handset manufacturers by giving digital licenses to new entrants. As a result, the mobile phones became more sophisticated, for example, the cameras and the games in the mobile phone. For the industry level, which can be analyzed by the Porter’s Five Forces, (lecture )Nokia was facing threat of new entrants, competitive rivalry and the bargaining power of buyers is increasing as well. As the government encourage completion between the handset manufacturers, there are several new entrants from different countries enter this industry, such as Apple from USA, Samsung from Korea. These new entrants compete with Nokia in both smartphone segment and basic phone segment. Some of them even constructed “ecosystems”, which they could integrate the services and applications quickly, in order to produce the phone in just two days. For the bargaining power of buyers’ aspect, they do not need to rely on the only operating system Symbian. They can choose Windows mobile launched by Microsoft, Android launched by Google and Ios launched by Apple, in addition, basically all of them are better than Symbian (Amiya, 2010). The buyers could choose any
Today, Nokia is the world leader in mobile communications. The company generates sales of more than $27 billion in a total of 130 countries and employs more than 60,000 people. Its simple mission: to "connect people."
1. In which ways do smartphones help these companies be more profitable? To what extent are improvements in performance coming from revenue increases or cost reductions? Provide several examples from the case.