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Price discrimination pros and cons
Price discrimination essay
Price discrimination pros and cons
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Price discrimination is a corporate strategy where a seller offers the same product to customers at different prices. This practice is a technique where sellers appeal to a wide range of customers and capitalize on opportunities to maximize profits. The word discrimination often has a poor connotation. However, in terms of finances, the word discrimination merely denotes to how sellers can sway market price in order to meet the demand of buyers. In the United States, price discrimination generally is discussed and debated at the higher education level. In higher education, price discrimination denotes a scenario where academies charge unlike tuition prices to students for the same quality of education. This practice can be done at both the university and departmental levels as well. In order for price discrimination to occur, the seller must have the ability to adjust price. Price discrimination is also used by a seller that is offering a product that has a strong consumer demand with few alternatives. This is done because customers are willing to pay more for a given product. This entry provides examples of price discrimination in the private sector and in higher education. Price Discrimination Examples An example of price discrimination in the private sector is the airline industry. In most cases, passengers sitting next to each other on any given flight did not pay the same price per ticket. Factors such as: one-way vs. round-trip tickets, duration of stay, promotions, and when the flight was purchased, all impact the overall price of tickets. The airline industry itself is able to control the market price for the tickets based on demand and the amount of passengers on the flight. Such price discrimination is use... ... middle of paper ... ...Paradox of College Prices: Five Stories with No Clear Lesson.” In The States and Public Higher Education, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. Morrison, R. (1992). Price Fixing Among Elite Colleges and Universities. The University of Chicago Law Review, 59(2): 807‐835. Rolfe, H. (2003). “University Strategy in an Age of Uncertainty: The Effect of Higher Education Funding on Old and New Universities.” Higher Education Quarterly, 57(1): 24-47. Rothschild, M. & White, L. (1995). “The Analytics of the Pricing in Higher Education and Other Services Which the Consumers are Inputs." Journal of Political Economy, 103(3): 573-586. Tiffany, F. & Ankrom, J. (1998). “The Competitive Use of Price Discrimination by Colleges.” Eastern Economic Journal, 24(1): 99-110. Vedder, R. (2004). “Going Broke By Degree: Why College Costs Too Much.” Washington, DC:AEI Press.
Price discrimination can be defines as when a firm offers an “individual good at different prices to different consumers” The Library of Economics and Liberty elaborates on its pricing strategy, stating Comcast offers different pricing depending on what features the consumer desires. For instance, the cable company will charge a higher price to a person who uses several services as part of their cable package. Conversely, the firm charges a very low price to someone who would “otherwise not be interested” , providing basic services at a minimum price. It takes advantage of the regulation imposed on the cable industry by offering the required basic package at seemingly attractive prices. Using this pricing system allows for it to attract different consumers whose maximum price they are willing to pay differs. Recently, Comcast attempted a new billing strategy by introducing a data usage cap. It essentially expanded on the company’s existing price discrimination method by charging customers according to how much data they used each month. Comcast also utilizes penetration pricing, where it offers its product at low prices to attract new consumers, later raising the prices once the customer is subscribed for a certain amount of time. Generally it claims the original prices were promotional only, lasting only a small amount of
Lankford, Ronald D. "Chapters 2 and 3." The Rising Cost of College. Detroit: Greenhaven, 2009. N. pag. Print.
of price versus service in the airline industry as a whole, as well as, the
Community colleges and vocational tracks are not wrong about the high cost of traditional higher education. According to the U.S. Department of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics, one year at a public, four-year institution costs upwards of $23,000 on average, while private institutions will cost nearly $10,000 more on average. Coupled with the fact that prices at public institutions rose 42 percent and private institutions rose 31 percent between 2001 and 2011, it’s not a shock that parents and students alike worry about paying for college. However, this won’t always be the case, as this rise in prices simply cannot continue the way it has. Eventually, people will be unable to pay the price that colleges charge. They will either settle for com...
333-355. Hocking and Waud 1992, Oligopoly and Market Concentration' in Microeconomics 2nd Edition, Harper Educational Publishers, NSW, pp. 315-342. Kathleen Hanser, The Secret Behind High Profits at Low-fare Airlines'. a href="http://www.boeing.com/commercial/news/feature/profit.html">http://www.boeing.com/commercial/news/feature/profit.html/a> [accessed 15 May 2003]
Price gouging is increasing the price of a product during crisis or disaster. The price is increased due to temporal increase in demand while supply remains constrained. In many jurisdictions, price gauging is widely considered as immoral and is illegal. However, from a market point of view, price gouging is a correct outcome of an efficient market.
As The “Progress of Education Reform” suggests, tuition discounting is major contributor to the rising cost of college in the sense that while it provides a tuition discount to the one particular student receiving the grant or scholarship it places a heavier burden on the majority demographic that attends the university without such discounting. (The Progress of Education Reform” 1). In contrast to popular opinion, scholarships and grants which are normally regarded as blessings are ironically a contributing factor to rising tuition prices. Basically, the universities have to make up for the money they lost by awarding the scholarships so the majority of the student population who did not qualify feel it in their pocketbooks. A final cause of this ludicrous tuition spike is the shift in university budgets to cater to the administration departments of the schools. Jobs in this department are non-teaching jobs that provide student services ranging from student safety to counseling and wellness programs. These jobs are definitely
Larson, Erik.; Why colleges cost too much; Time, v149 (Mar. 17 '97), 1997, pp. 46-50
Tuition is the cost to take classes at a college or university and is the most expensive part of a college education as it makes up 60 % of the overall price tag (Bashkar and Gopalan). Tuition has become increasingly more expensive over the years and has increased by nearly 500% since 1986, which is far more than inflation or tuition (Willie). The question is, why has there been such a mas...
College tuition is a hot topic these days. For a long time, people did not pay much attention to tuition. Today, things are changing. More and more, people are realizing how high tuition has gotten and now they want that to change. In the following essay, I have tried to tackle a very difficult topic. The problem with this topic was that, during research, I found that almost all of the information regarding it was attack after attack on the college administrations. I found no writings by college administrators even attempting to defend themselves. I discovered the awful truth about how much college tuition had gotten out of control over the years.
Journal of Labor Economics, 28(1), 113–166. Kaplin, W., & Lee, B. (2014). The law of higher education. 5th ed. San Francisco, CA.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, college tuition and relevant fees have increased by 893 percent (“College costs and the CPI”). 893 percent is a very daunting percentage considering that it has surpassed the rise in the costs of Medicare, food, and housing. As America is trying to pull out of a recession, many students are looking for higher education so they can attain a gratified job. However, their vision is being stained by the dreadful rise in college costs. College tuition is rising beyond inflation. Such an immense rise in tuition has many serious implications for students; for example, fewer students are attending private colleges, fewer students are staying enrolled in college, and fewer students are working in the fields in which they majored in.
Many schools (universities/colleges) are incessantly evaluating tuition cost to ensure that they are providing the highest services educationally. The college presidents/leaders, as well as administrators, have to seriously consider and decide on how high or low tuition fee much be set and if it aligns with the goals of the university’s/college’s. Tuition emolument is an essential component for operating an establishment and also plays a vital role in the decision of a student registration (enrollment). Tuition fee also has a significant effect on the income/revenue of a college/university. The university has to estimate the outcome on the entire revenue received if they decide to increase or decrease tuition. In this paper, you will be provided
With the rapid growth of college tuition, it has become an important issue in higher education. College Tuition is simply defined as the charge or fee for instruction, at a private school or a college or a university. Most people agree today that college tuition is too high or that it needs to be completely dismissed. There are some however, that may disagree with the claim about college tuition and state that college tuition is necessary for college growth, and it’s primary purpose is to pay for college expenses to support the institution financially. Research shows that college tuition is too high and that debt has become a standard in America after attending post-secondary school.
For example, consider a high luxury cruise liner, where well-to-do people are seeking luxury, comfort and social engagement with similar people. This proven that they are far less likely to make a purchase decision based on the price attribute by putting the attention on the quality instead. Therefore, specialty products are generally priced higher than shopping products. Obviously, the prices still have to be within a consumer’s reference price range. Price reducing is sensitive in the marketplace for specialty product due to discounting and other forms of price incentives are generally ineffective since the consumer with think that it is a signal of a reduced level of