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Literature review on effects of poverty on education
Literature review on effects of poverty on education
Literature review on effects of poverty on education
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When one confers with others on the subject of poverty, often times the subtopics of race, laws
surrounding welfare, and how poverty stricken they are comes up. One may not have any thought just
to how much poverty can impact large and young families more than older and smaller ones. Larger
families are hit harder according to Joseph Rowntree when it comes to the well-being and welfare of
the family, and can have a negative impact on all members of the family through every aspect of their
life. While for some they can grasp and understand the impact of poverty on others lives, some people
may not be as informed when it comes to this subject, hence why one might decide to do a research
paper on the subject matter.
When one is to determine what poverty is, one must look at the Canadian definition. Poverty in
Canada is measured through two ways. One is the low income cut-off (LICO) and according to Stats
Canada, (2013) “are intended to convey the income level at which a family may be in straitened
circumstances because it has to spend a greater portion of its income on the basics (food, clothing and
shelter) than does the average family of similar size. The LICOs vary by family size and by size of
community.” According to The Community Foundations of Canada (2013) the second way is called
the Low-income Measures (LIM) “considers a family poor when its income is less than half of the
median income for their size and type of family. This is a relative measure. In 2005, using the pre-tax
LIM, 21.7% of Canadian families lived in poverty.” Using these as an understanding of poverty in
Canada one can now see that the size of a family can determine how much of an impac...
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Scott, K. (1985). Poverty. In Canadian Encyclopedia (Vol. 10, pp. 1-5). Toronto: David P. Ross, Clarence Lochhead . Retrieved October 28, 2013, from http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/poverty/
Small Families Have a High Quality of Life. (n.d.). HubPages. Retrieved September 28, 2013, from http://gmwilliams.hubpages.com/hub/Small-Families-Have-a-High-Quality-of-Life
Understanding Your Context. (n.d.). Poverty in Canada. Retrieved November 1, 2013, from http://www.cfc-fcc.ca/poverty/understanding-poverty-canada-e.cfm
Webster, I. (2003). Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (11th ed.). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster, Inc..
staff, M. (2012, February 10). Definition. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved November 2, 2013, from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression/DS00175
Poverty in America is a very complex issue that can be looked at from many directions. There are a plethora of statistics and theories about poverty in America that can be confusing and at times contradicting. It is important to objectively view statistics to gain a better understanding of poverty and to wade through the stereotypes and the haze of cultural views that can misrepresent the situation.The official poverty line in America begins with a person making at or below $12,060. To calculate the poverty line for a family, an additional $4,180 is added to the base of $12,060 for each additional member(“Federal Poverty Level Guidelines”). According to the last U.S. census, over 45 million or 14.5% of Americans are at or below the poverty line(Worstall). At this level, the U.S. poverty level has not changed much from the 1970s when the government began a “War on Poverty.” However,
In Canada there is no official, government mandated poverty line. It is generally agreed that poverty refers to the intersection of low-income and other dimensions of ‘social exclusion’, including things such as access to adequate housing, essential goods and services, health and well-being and community participation. In Canada, the gap between the rich and poor is on the rise, with four million people struggling to find decent affordable housing, (CHRA) and almost 21% of children in BC are living in poverty it is crucial to address poverty (Stats Can). In class we have considered a number of sociological lens to examine poverty. Structural-functionalists maintain that stratification and inequality are inevitable and
Raphael, Dennis. Poverty in Canada: implications for health and quality of life. 2nd ed. Toronto: Canadian Scholars' Press Inc., 2011. Print.
explains that the economic gap between high and low income families is affecting their children as
Why am I Poor? First Nations Child Poverty in Ontario. Canada: Best Start Resource Center,
There has been much conflict in the United States over defining poverty, but according to Diana DiNitto (2007), poverty can be defined in six different ways. Poverty, deprivation, inequality, lack of human capital, culture, exploitation, and structure are the six different ways. When a family or individual does not have the adequate amount of income to meet all of their basic needs, they are described as being deprived. Poverty as deprivation explains that a family or individual is deprived when they are living below the standard of living .... ...
Poverty is difficult to describe and a major factor in determining poverty relies on where in globe you are choosing to focus, the culture that is being examined and the overall wealth of the country. For the sake of this paper I am choosing to discuss poverty in Canada, which by definition does not exist according to Canadian Counsel of Social Development (2004). Furthermore; I will discuss the Low Income Cut off Lines (LICO) which is commonly known as the ‘poverty line’ to help determine the poverty rate for Canadian women. “The situation of poverty among women in Canada is well established. More than half of all Canadians living in poverty are women. In total, approximately 19 percent of women in Canada live below the poverty line. Fifty-six percent of lone parent families headed by women are poor, compared with 24 percent of those headed by men. Almost half (49 percent) of single, wid...
In America, poverty has been on the rise since the 1970's.(Poverty World Book 723). The family structure has been constantly changing. The presence of a father in the family effects the poverty rate. The presence of a father in the family was higher when the poverty rate was formed. The family is four times more likely not to have a father in it today than it was in the 1950's. (Report Ties 3). Without a father in the family the chance for children to become poor and eventual...
Over the last 10 years or so, the way of looking at the concepts like poverty and social exclusion has changed by a million miles. More and more people are drawn towards the idea of thinking about such things in a more detailed manner so as to gain a deeper understanding of it. For that is the only way, we can actually move towards truly dealing with them, instead of being the bird that puts its most sincere efforts in trying to catch the horizon which always moves away from it. The reason behind this shift in people’s mentalities is the broad acknowledgment that poverty is about more than just low incomes. What lies at the heart of how most people understand ‘poverty’ are their observations of instances of lower than reasonably required consumption and inadequate living standards. Aspects of poor health, a shortened lifespan, limited access to education, knowledge and information, and powerlessness in various domains are also associations that this term has conjured up.
Several citizens in America may not empathize with many social conflicts which transpire in America. Unfortunately, when poverty is mentioned people of diverse gender, race/ethnic, and age can relate to poverty in America. Although several societies have not experienced the undesirable measures of relative or absolute poverty; several people know poverty exist through many channels, such as the media, social networking, history and charities.
In today 's society, there is 1 in 7 people living in poverty which is costing Canadian citizens’ money as they are paying for taxes. There are many standpoints in which people examine the ways poverty affect society such as Marx’s conflict theory. Marx’s conflict theory goes over how social stratification being inevitable and how there is a class consciousness within people in the working class. Another way that poverty is scrutinized is by feminization. Feminization is the theory that will be explored throughout this essay. Poverty will be analyzed in this essay to determine the significance of poverty on the society and the implications that are produced.
Poverty is “the state of one who lacks a usual or socially acceptable amount of money or material possessions” (Merriam-Webster dictionary, 2015); in other words, struggling to provide a comfortable living style. It is the cause of family stress and many other problems, especially for the children. Millions of people around the world are struggling with poverty; families suffering to provide enough food seem to be growing in numbers. According to the United States Census Bureau, the poverty rate was highest in the 1960s and decreased greatly in the 1970s. However, it is now slowly starting to increase again. Recently released census data by the Bureau showed that one in five people are living in poverty (Census Bureau, 2014). Poverty is even
Poverty is prevalent throughout the world around us. We watch television and see famous people begging us to sponsor a child for only ten dollars a month. We think in our own minds that ten dollars is only pocket change, but to those children and their families, that ten dollars is a large portion of their annual income. We see images of starving children in far away countries, and our hearts go out to them. But we really do not know the implications of poverty, why it exists, or even what we can do to help combat this giant problem in our world.
Poverty is generally defined as a state of deprivation in well-being. The conventional perspective connects well-being basically to control over commodities, so the poor are individuals who do not have sufficient income or consumption to place them above some adequate bare minimum threshold (Lyman et al, 2004). Poverty is also tied to a particular type of consumption, for instance people may be considered health poor, house poor or food poor. The poverty dimensions can often be determined directly. For instance it can be measured by assessing malnutrition or levels of literacy (Alla...
"Causes and Effects of Poverty." Cliffs Notes. Cliffs Notes, n.d. Web. 27 Nov 2013. .