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Conclusion of poverty and obesity
Social determinants of obesity
Sociological aspects of obesity
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Recommended: Conclusion of poverty and obesity
Modern society is dealing with a health crisis that has been on the rise for years. Ongoing
research by the Center of Disease control and others is beginning to prove that
all over the United States obese individuals that
live in poverty are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other
health conditions. The relationship between obesity prevalence and
socioeconomic status measured as educational level or income. People
faced with poverty often feel helpless when left to deal with their health
problems. Children are being raised with poor diets, which become routine life
habits, because families struggle to afford healthy foods. With these health
concerns afflicting millions Nationwide, prevention, early detection, and
education programs are important to help explain to those in low socioeconomic
communities who are at a high risk for obesity and Cardiovascular disease. Living
in a low socioeconomic community can prevent safe exercise habits such as running,
walking and biking. For people living in poverty with little money they
typically depend on the government for money that can restrict what that person
can buy at the grocery store. People want more food for their money
cheap accessible foods that are high in fat and low in nutritional density. Poverty
people lack the environment and education needed to support
adequate health. Therefore, for those with little education and poor access to
healthy foods, exercise, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and weight can be
hard. Being overweight or having an unhealthy lifestyle is one of the most
common national risk factors for cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes and
hypertension.
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study showed a correlation between two recent studies in...
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...curity is associated with diabetes mellitus: Results from the national health examination and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 1999-2002. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2002.
5.Trevino, R., Fogt, D., Wyatt, T., Leal-Vasquez, L., Sosa, E., Woods, C. Diabetes risk, low fitness, and energy insufficiency levels among children from poor families. American Dietetic Association. 2008. Vol. 108. P 1846-1853.
6.Guillaume M, Lapidus L, Björntorp P, Lambert A. Department of Epidemiology, National Center for Research in Nutrition and Health, Brussels, Belgium. Physical activity, obesity, and cardiovascular risk factors in children. The Belgian Luxembourg Child Study II. Obes Res. 1997 Nov ;5(6):549-56.
7.Robert Beaglehole, DSc, FRSNZ; Srinath Reddy, MD, DM; Stephen R. Leeder, MD, PhD Poverty and Human Development: The Global Implications of Cardiovascular Disease
Rao, Goutham. "Childhood Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus". Official Journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics.( 2005): 473-480. Print.
Tovar, A., Chui, K., Hyatt, R., Kuder, J., Kraak, V., Choumenkovitch, S., & ... Economos, C. (2012). Healthy-lifestyle behaviors associated with overweight and obesity in US rural children. BMC Pediatrics, 12102. doi:10.1186/1471-2431-12-102
... identified three major health issues that are global but has the potential to affect the United States health care system and how they influence health leaders.
J.F. Sallis (1993) “Epidemiology of Physical Activity and Fitness in Adolescents”, in Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Vol.33. no.4-5, 403-408.
Childhood obesity has become a huge problem in the United States. Over twenty one percent of African American children are obese, not including the twenty percent who were just overweight. Studies show that the increase in Type II diabetes, which is caused by obesity has increased dramatically in children of African American culture. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) The hospital costs associated with childhood obesity were 127 million dollars from 1997-1999, increasing $92 million from 1979-1981. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) However, long term effects are also a concern for adolescent obesity. Overweight children have a 70 percent chance of being obese or overweight adults, which increases to 80 percen...
Exercise, food, technology, and money all play a role in causing childhood obesity. Lack of exercise among adolescents has been proven to be the leading cause of childhood obesity. According to a May 2012 Institute of Medicine report, only half of America’s children and one in four teens get enough activity to meet current guidelines (Doheny and Noonman 1). The recommendations call for children to participate in at least 60 minutes of vigorous to moderate physical activity every day (Hendrick 1). “Only four percent of elementary schools, eight percent of middle schools, and two percent of high schools provide daily physical ...
Overweight and obesity problem is becoming more and more serious in Australia. Not only Australians but also the world’s problem obesity is studied as one of the main causes of chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, and some cancers and sleep apnoea as well as other serious conditions, which put national economies and individual lives at risk. Obesity is also regarded as epidemic. Obesity is caused by a calorific imbalance between diet intake and consumed calories. Obesity has become the biggest threat to Public Health in Australia shown by Australia Bureau of Statistics (2013). Also, the prevalence of obesity is predicted as the ratio of obesity in adults and children will be doubled by 2025 (Backholer et al.2012). It is believed that this phenomenon is happening due to many social determinants of health, which have a strong negative impact on not only individuals but also society and economy. (Wilkinson and Marmot 2003) The social determinants of health are explained as conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age by WHO (Wilkinson & Marmot 2013). Different circumstances can be formed depending on their finance, power and global resources. These social determinants seem to be responsible for health inequities, which seem to be unfair and avoidable. Social determinants of health including social gradient, high calorie food intake, excessive amounts of stress and poor early life care are the relevant factors to contribute to be or being obesity. It is important to understand that the correlation of social determinants of health and obesity to manage the health problems and enhance public’s health.
In the 21st century childhood obesity is regarded as one of the most serious public health challenges faced by the World Health Organisation (WHO, 2013). Figures recorded by the National Child Measurement programme for the 2011/12 period showed children aged 10-11, of which 14.7% were overweight and a further 19.2% figure were classed as obese. Statistics from the same report also indicate boys in the same age group are more likely to be obese with a figure of 20.7% compared to a 17.7% figure for girls. These figures are a large cause for concern for both these children and on a wider scale, society. Obesity is caused by a number of factors that can range from the not so obvious of social class, to the clear lack of exercise and poor diet. Obese or overweight children are more likely to carry this status into adulthood and put themselves at an increased risk of developing associated health problems such as raised cholesterol, high blood pressure and even premature mortality (Public Health England, 2013). Obesity is defined as the over consumption of calories in relation to little physical activity, this means calories consumed are not being burnt but turned into fat cells (NHS, 2012).
Is obesity about poverty and cheap food? Or lack of moral fibre? I will be elaborating an essay on the points written by Zoe Williams (2011) balanced arguments, on whether there is a link between obesity, poverty and or lack of inner strength. I will be presenting for and against arguments relating the issue.
Magliano, DJ, Shaw, JE, Shortreed, SM, Nusselder, WJ, Liew, D, Barr, EL, Zimmet, PZ & Peeters, A 2008, ‘Lifetime risk and projected population prevalence of diabetes’, Diabetologia, vol.51, pp.2179-2186, viewed 15th May 2011.
Since 1970, the obesity rates in America have more than doubled. Currently two-thirds of (roughly 150 million) adults in the United States are either overweight, or obese (Food Research and Action Center). According to the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, “overweight is defined as a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 whereas obesity is defined as a BMI greater than 30.” There are numerous factors that contribute to obesity such as: biological, behavioral and cultural influences (Food Research and Action Center). While these factors all have a large role in obesity, there is no factor with as great of an influence as poverty.
Kiess, W., Claude Marcus, and Martin Wabitsch. Obesity In Childhood And Adolescence. Basel: Karget, 2004. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 19 Nov. 2013.
that, in turn, could adversely affect the weight of very young children” (child Trends). Works cited Alaimo, K., Olson, C. M., Frongillo, E. A., & Briefel, R. R. (2001). Food insufficiency, family income, and health in U.S. preschool and school-aged children. American Journal of Public Health, 91(5), 781-786. Bronte-Tinkew, J., Zaslow, M., Capps, R., & Horowitz, A. (2007).
Institute for Research on Poverty. (2013). Health & Poverty. Retrieved February 20, 2014, from http://www.irp.wisc.edu/research/health.htm
YoonMyung, K., & SoJung, L. (2009). Physical activity and abdominal obesity in youth. Applied Physiology, Nutrition & Metabolism, 34(4), 571-581. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.