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Effects of world war ii on the united states
How World War II affected the economy in America
Government policy and economic growth
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The post-WWII years were a very prosperous time for America, due to numerous factors. However, the two major factors that help produce this economic growth are birthrates/consumer spending increases, and Government spending. How birthrates and consumer spending help produce economic growth is very easy to understand. First off, during WWII most people saved their money, seeing that there were very little consumer goods to spend it on, so once the war was over they had the money to spend. Once American soldiers returned from war there was an obvious rise of birthrates, and the creation of families. These new members of the “middle-class” would begin to spend their money, because they were now a part of the “people of plenty” group. They lived in a …show more content…
Also, advertising arose during this time, along with the notion of “buy now and pay later”. All these things allow for these new middle-class families to live the “American Dream” and live a prosperous life, and in doing so they also spurred America’s economy. Government spending also help produce economic growth as well. It did this with things like defenses contracts, which were important because we were in the early stages of the Cold War and the ensuing arms race had begun. This, just like during the war, would keep factories producing military supplies. They government also invested in the interstate/highway system. This in turn sparked an increase in the automotive industry (cars are now being owned in a higher volume), and the trucking industry. Other industries that are directly related to these industries as well as the building of roads saw an increase as well. These include the oil, concrete, and tire industries. All this surge in industry would directly help produce a stronger economy in America. The housing industry also sees a surge because of the
During the aftermath of World War I great change was happening to America’s society. Of the nations that were involved in the worldwide conflict from 1914 to 1918 no other nation experienced prosperity socially, politically, and economically as quickly as did the United States of America. The middle-class American suddenly became the most important component to the growth of the American economy. As the purchase of luxuries, the automobile in particular, became more available to middle-class, opportunity in the housing and labor industries expanded.
Over the years, the United States faced many economic downfalls. There were so many downfalls that a lot of people actually thought that by the end of World War II in 1945, the Great Depression would return. However, it was a completely different story. By the time World War II ended, the United States was booming with success, especially Colorado. Colorado’s growth and economic success had actually passed up the nation as a whole. Colorado’s success would then last for forty years.
As was usual during wartime, the country was economically prosperous. However, the war had caused President Truman to abandon his former restraints on government spending. The amount of money being spent on defense has skyrocketed to supply the troops in Korea with the supplies they needed. This caused the federal deficit to increase dramatically (Pach and Richardson, 53). Another legacy leftover from the Truman days was that of the Fair Deal domestic program.
Another extreme transformation of the government was to focus federal spending on agriculture and infrastructure. These changes led to subsidizing farmers and developing infrastructure programs like the National Interstate and Defense Highways Act and The National Defense Education Act (NDEA). This in turn helped create jobs and encourage farmers to either plant crops or not to plant crops. Even though farmers received subsidies from the government, so much was produced that there became a huge surplus. This led to major trading with foreign countries and transformed American society and government.
The North American population experienced what is known as the “Baby boom” – an 18-year period of rapid population growth from 1946 to 1964. During this period, many children were born in the same period before or after. During the post-war years, the United States embarked on one of its greatest periods of economic expansion. Many Americans enjoyed economic prosperity. However, the United States has changed since 1950.
...new middle class was an important transition for American society assisted by the Market Revolution.
The country is no longer in the midst of a depression nor involved in a brutal global conflict. Wartime production had helped pull the American economy out of the depression it was in, and from the late 1940s on, young adults saw a rise in their spending power (PBS). At this time, jobs were abundant, wages were higher, and Americans had money to spend. During this time, modern American consumerism started. Consumer spending no longer means just satisfying an indulgent material desire (PBS).
Many new industries were developed to support mass production of goods, such as, roads, tires, and all the items it took to build a vehicle for the automobiles.(David Shannon, 217) The chemical industry grew in the United States after First World War because America couldn't get the chemical anymore they had gotten from Germany. (Shannon, 219) Americans wanted the access to electric power which included: lights, radios, and washing machines. There was a mass movement of people from the country to the city looking for jobs. The rural life couldn't support a family like urban living could, people left the farming industry and moved to the manufacturing industries which damage the ability for agricultural to survive.(Shannon, 219) The effects of prosperity revolved around the automobile specifically younger people's ability to escape adult supervision.
The bureaucratization of business in the 1920’s meant that more people could be employed in higher paying white-collar jobs than before, including, for the first time, housewives. This new income combined with the reduced prices for goods that resulted from mechanized production, assembly lines and a general decrease in the cost of technology created a thriving consumerist middle class that went on to fuel the economy in all sectors, especially the upper classes. Likewise, during World War II Americans saved up around 150 billion dollars, and this sum combined with the income of the GI Bill allowed normal people to buy expensive things, from houses to cars to electronics to education at a rapid rate, fueling the trademark prosperity of the 1950’s. The new automobile culture of the 50’s spawned new businesses that catered to mobile Americans, such as nicer and more standardized hotels like Holiday Inn, and drive-up restaurants like McDonalds. Just as the culture of the 1920’s was transformed by modernist ideas, the world of the 1950’s was reinvigorated by the introduction of the automobile to the middle class....
In the late 1800's, American society began to burst with cultural activity. After the Civil War and the Reconstruction, Americans were eager to return to their normal lifestyles. The period that followed, however, was quite different from what the country was used to. During the war, many pushed hard for a rise in industry, leading to an explosive industrial revolution far beyond what people had expected. America's business and economy had boomed, and, as the new century approached, many had a new outlook on life. They were eager to escape the dull regiments of both the past Victorian era and the new urban lifestyle. This was easy for the upper and middle classes, both of which were growing due to the rapid increase in industry. It was great news for entrepreneurs and business people of the time, because there was money to be made in this desire for amusement. Of course, this was not the whole story of the new Gilded Age, but it was definitely an era of growing leisure time and the business that came along with it.
During the creation if the current America, the narrative was, The American Dream. After the great depression, our economy was built on the backs of the industrial companies.4 The industrial revolution created a steady working class in America. Since these industrial workers were making decent wages, there was a budding middle class being
As you can see, Roosevelt began to bring the people out of the depression and that resulted in some astonishing growth numbers. (Roosevelt's average growth of 5.2 percent during the Great Depression is even higher than Reagan's 3.7 percent growth during his Seven Fat Years ) When 1936 saw a phenomenal record of 14 percent growth, Roosevelt eased back on the deficit spending, overly worried about balancing the budget. Between 1940 and 1945, the Growth Deficit Product nearly doubled in size, from $832 billion to $1,559 billion in constant 87 dollars. And this occurred as deficit spending soared, to levels Keynes had earlier and unsuccessfully recommended to Roosevelt
The year is 1946, WWII is over and America was the only nation who’s manufacturing industry was left unscathed. Because of this, along with the worker protections of FDR’s New Deal led to a golden age for the American middle class. At this time nearly anyone can find a decent job, no matter your education, class or experience and live a decent life. This golden age will continue, till 1980 when the 1st Great Recession kicked in (McCleland 550). The combination of other nations rebuilt manufacturing industries, a pattern of poor economic policy, the dismantling of unions, corrupt corporations, new technology, the need for higher education and discrimination will all play a role that lead to
...ame needs as an effect of consumerism on the baby boom generation. The same materialism of the 1950s conceived a new consciousness in the 1960s, equating to new values for the baby boom generation, such as self-actualization, social consciousness and tolerance. During the 1950s, the U.S. achieved the highest standard of living in the world, metamorphosing the working class into the new middle class (Monhollon xvi). The richest generation in North American history and the 21st century has left behind a plethora of valuable lessons that will not be forgotten soon. In conclusion, the baby boom, which lead to a long cycle of prosperity and growth in the post-WWII years is crucial because it redefined the traditional and rigid values people wrongfully harbored in the past and spearheaded dramatic change on a global level, bringing the West and the World closer than ever.
They started changing their lifestyle into a materialistic, self-obsessed one. It built the paradigm of American Dream, which triggered the infrastructure of America in that era. As the result, there came the economic boom where people gradually gained wealth and became the “new money”.