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The populist movement apush
Populist movement political changes
Analysis of the populist movement
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A collective group of Americans, feeling disenfranchised by the political system and constantly burdened by economic hardships, joining together to form the foundation of a movement with ramifications that would be relevant more than a century later. The Populist movement, springing from the idea of more Americans living a better life, is regarded as giving credence to the notion of United States government being “of the people, by the people, and for the people.” Thought the actual “movement” lasted only decades, ideas conceived by self-described Populists live on in current policies, and have a beneficial effect on every American in their daily lives. The more well-known Populist movement came to fruition from the lesser known Grange …show more content…
Starting in the early part of the 1890s, the Farmers Alliance rose in prominence in the south and Midwest, mainly as a continuation of advocating against monopolies and their persistent and ever-growing power. With the Farmers Alliance movement, Populism was born and grew into the movement of significance it is still noted for to this day. Two important facets of the Populist economic plan included what was known as the Sub-Treasury plan. This called for a series of government owned warehouses to store agricultural products as a mechanism to control prices. The U.S. government would assess the non-perishable crops, and give U.S. Treasury loans to the farmers, thus providing a stimulating effect on local economies in rural parts of the nation. Farmers would wait for demand for the goods, selling gradually, and as they made money, would subsequently pay off the initial government loan. With no surprise, banks were very much opposed to this plan. Other initiatives supported by Populists included a progressive income tax and reform for the railroad system, replacing a system in which political leaders road on trains at a discounted rate, or for free, while others paid full price. Among the reforms laid out by the Populists was the creation of the 8 hour work day, something that would have a lasting effect on U.S. labor law for years to come. These efforts would lead to legislative changes, albeit gradually, and would lead to policy enactments that would be in effect in the United States of America to this
In response to intervention, thousands of groups of people became defiant. Laborers living off the bare minimum often assembled into organized groups to enforce their demands upon the government, making a notable push for reform (D) while educated men such as Henry Demarest Lloyd promoted virtue, not land, as the ideal focus of government (B). Dissatisfaction continued within the middle class. As new industrial machines emerged, designed for mass product...
The Progressive Movement that occurred during the early 20th century was a time of major reform in the United States of America. During this time, there was a group of activists that referred to themselves as the Progressives, and they sought to change society for the people. The way that they intended to do this was change through their ideals of democracy, efficiency, regulation, and social justice. With this movement came the election that changed the course of America’s history “…demonstrating a victory for progressive reforms as both Progressive candidates accounted for 75 percent of all the votes” (Bowles). The candidates in this election were Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson.
When the United States ventured towards the twentieth century, it saw the growth of the Populist and Progressive movement, who sought to reform the many economic, political and social problems that plagued through out. The Populist party started in the last decade of the nineteenth century, and it was more or less a revolt by the farmers or anyone who was associated with agriculture. With the decline in the farmer’s economic conditions, farmers united to protect their interest. They had hoped, from an economic standpoint, that this inflationary measure would eliminate the financial burden that plagued the nation’s farmers. They also demanded reformation of the banking system, the graduated income tax, the secret ballot, the direct election of senators, and the eight-hour workday.
In the beginning of the twentieth century, the economy was booming, new technology flourished. The rapid industrialization brought achievement to the United States, however, it also caused several social problems. Wealth and power were concentrated in the hands of a few, and poverty and political corruption were widespread. As people became aware of these problems, a new reform group was created. Unlike populism, which had been a group of farmers grown desperate as the economy submerged into depression, the new reform movement arose from the educated middle class. These people were known as the progressives. The Progressive Movement was a movement that aimed at solving political, economic, and social problems. The Progressives were people from the middle class who had confidence that they could achieve social progress through political reform. The Progressives sought after changes and improvements in the society through laws and other federal actions.
In all the history of America one thing has been made clear, historians can’t agree on much. It is valid seeing as none of them can travel back in time to actually experience the important events and even distinguish what has value and what doesn’t. Therefore all historians must make a leap and interpret the facts as best they can. The populist movement does not escape this paradox. Two views are widely accepted yet vastly different, the views of Richard Hofstadter and Lawrence Goodwyn. They disagree on whether populists were “isolated and paranoid bigots” or “sophisticated, empathetic egalitarians”; whether their leaders were “opportunists who victimized them” or “visionary economic theorists who liberated them”; whether their beliefs were rooted in the free silver campaign of the 1890s or the cooperative movement of the 1880s; and finally whether their ideal society was in the “agrarian past” or “the promise of a cooperative future”. They could not agree on anything, over all Richard Hofstadter seems to have a better idea of the truth of populism.
During the late 19th and early 20th century both the Populist Party and Progressive movement wanted to preserve some things, while also addressing the need for reform. Although many of the ideas and goals of these “Third parties” were initially not legislated and considered far-fetched, many of these ideas later became fundamental laws throughout American history. The Populists and Progressives were both grass roots movements, and addressed the needs of the poor and powerless, for the Populists it was farmers and for the Progressives it was urban lower and middle class workers. These two movements attempted to bring the powerless peoples issues to national politics. The Populists and Progressives wanted to preserve some American ideals of the past, such as a sense of community and the ability for farmers and workers to live happily without economic strains. Populists were more oriented to the plight of the farmer while the Progressives included women's rights, and protection of the consumer and labor.
After settlements were established, farmers opposed the government. The farmers united to form their opposing union that would lead their opposing movement and solve their common problems that they had with economic distress and railroads. The grange and farmers´ alliances surged with the quest to get the government to support them. The rise of the populist party caused a scare and panic to other government groups, but it didn´t last, the populist party collapsed.
The Populist Party, a third political party that originated in America in the latter part of the nineteenth century, derived as a result of farmer discontent and economic distress. This was caused by the country's shift from an agricultural American life to one in which industrialists dominated the nation's development. The public felt as if they were being cheated by these "robber barons," a term given to those who took advantage of the middle and lower classes by "boldly stealing the fruits of their toils" (Morgan, 30). These corporate tycoons' conduct was legal, however ethically dubious it was. Cornelius Vanderbilt, a well-known railroad baron, reportedly once said, "Law! What do I care about the law? Hain't I got the power?" (Morgan, 30) The change from agrarian to industrial had a profound effect on everyone's life. Ignatius Donnelly, a leader in the Populist Party wrote, "We meet in the midst of a nation brought to the verge of moral, political, and material ruin. Corruption dominates the ballot-box, the Legislatures, the Congress, and touches even the ermine of the bench . . . A vast conspiracy against mankind has been organized" (Tindall, 957). As a result of this significant transformation, along with several different perspectives of peoples' mores, several reform movements were commenced, such as prohibition, socialism, and the Greenback Labor Party. Each of these movements was launched by different coalitions in hopes of making a difference either for themselves or for the good of the country. The farmers, specifically, were unhappy for four particular reasons: physical problems, social and intellectual concerns, economic difficulties, and political frustrations. The physical concerns the climate of the time period. Following 1885, there was a large drought on the American prairie, thus causing this land to become known as the "Dust Bowl." Furthermore, there were extreme blizzards resulting in innumerable deaths of cattle and livestock. Also, farms were very isolated causing the women and children to lead a life of solitude and boredom. They demanded change. In fact, the women were the ones to start libraries and other meeting places for themselves and their children. This isolation made schooling for children quite difficult. Most kids who lived on the farm did not receive a proper education, or one of any kind for that matter. Farmers' economic problems are more intricate. Events baffled the farmer. They believed that deflation was the cause of their problem.
In the words of Thomas Jefferson, “A wise and frugal Government, which shall restrain men from injuring one another, which shall leave them otherwise free to regulate their own pursuits of industry and improvement, and shall not take from the mouth of labor the bread it has earned. This is the sum of good government, and this is necessary to close the circlue of our felicities.” (Jefferson, 1801) This idea echoed far beyond it’s time and into the minds and hearts of the Populist’s, and became the center and the driving force of the Progressive era. During the gilded age railroads were being built, Industrialization was rising, the population of United States was increasing dramatically; and corporate businesses were becoming extremely powerful. The gilded age was known for its corruption and business domination, it wasn’t until the Populist movement when people started to fight back and also not until the Progressive movement when people started changing the government system.
By the 1900’s, people wanted to see a change in the relationship between government and society and talk about the social and political injustices that seemed to have been increasing over time. Women and Populists were the major incentive to start the Progressive movement because they were fully aware of the injustices that are occurring in our nation. Progressives believed that unregulated capitalism during the increase in population in the U.S. needed more government supervision and action. Specifically, progressives wanted to gain more control of the government when it came to special interests and also protect the rights of organized labor, blacks, women, and all consumers in general. The difference between the Populist groups and the Progressives was that the Populist group was made up of mostly minorities, but the Progressives were made up of the middle class and also represented a large majority of Republicans as well as Democratic parties.
Recently, support for populism has been rising heavily in the US and in Europe. There are many reasons for the rise of populism and it has resulted in and will continue to result in significant political and economic consequences. However, before we discuss the impacts of populism and how it developed, populism must first be defined. It has various meanings and, therefore, is a contested term. The definition that is used in this essay is a definition invented by political scientist Cas Mudde and presents populism as an ideology that “considers society to be ultimately separated into two homogeneous
Social movements are a type of group’s action consisting large amounts of people, they focus on political and social issues to undo certain social change. This usually happened in industrialized/ urbanized areas. For the emerging of social movements there must be a large number of people experiencing relative deprivation; they must have a high level of interactions and communication, the more socially alike they are, likely to form a movement. There are several types of social movements; reform/radical/peaceful/violent/old and global movements, each type of movement want different outcomes/change. When looking at contemporary society there are more social movements compared to the older times; because of the education, freedom of speech in
The term “social movement” is difficult to define. It is not a political party nor is it an unorganized, short-lived mass without any goals. Instead, as Frank and Fuentes (1987) state, social movements are the mobilization of people in the pursuit of specific concerns. ...
Porter's article pertaining to populism, although highly insightful, seemed to over-extend itself at times. To be fair, though, his inclusion of the varying aspects is understandable considering how many there are to consider. The over-arching theme is most certainly that of the role of artificial intelligence in the continued rise or somewhat hopeful fall of populism. This article is certainly one with remarks on the weight of how this issue may not only change the future of the political system (moreover, its leaders), but also that of the contentment, or rather, discontentment of those who inhabit said nation and how such people will shape the system. Certainly this is not written from a realist point of view. Something interesting that
Moving on to our first argument we can clearly see that that populism is an echo of the voice of the people. Once this it understood it becomes clear why you cannot regret the rise of global populism, and that is because it is created by the people’s will and is defined and applied differently in different regions and countries. There is no cookie-cutter form of populism because it cuts not just across geographical borders and historical eras, but also ideological cleavages, according to, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, an associate professor at the School of Political Science of the Diego Portales University in Chile. It becomes clear that in populism, the principle of nationalism is used as a tool to bring their communities