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Brief history of computers
Composition on the evolution of computers
Brief history of computers
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In this world, almost everything revolves around technology. Many gadgets were created and to this day they all have been modified. For example, if you were to Google ‘when was the first computer created,’ you will find out that it first started in 1943, and then finally completed in 1946. It has been 70 years since the first computer was made. Articles say that the first computer weighed about 50 tons. In this current year, a regular computer can weigh just a little less or a little more than a 100 pounds; of course depending what kind of system you would be getting. Joseph Nicephore Niepce was the first person who first used a camera in 1827. Video cameras have been around for a few decades, but they have quickly evolved. In 1982, Sony released …show more content…
their first portable video camcorders. Soon, video cameras began to get smaller, yet the quality of the picture started to improve dramatically; all thanks to the digital technology. In 2010, the first 3D cameras came to the world and old tape recorders were not in use anymore. Technology has excelled so much in these past years, so it is possible for a police officer to wear a body camera, that can in fact be small enough and not visible for someone to not notice. There is no excuse, it is possible for a small camera to be worn. All police officers should wear body cameras; it would help provide proof for a case if something went wrong while on the job. There would be no problem with an officer wearing a body camera because devices can be made small enough for an individual to not see the camera. It would make things much easier when evidence is needed in cases like Laquan McDonald; the dashcam in the police car provided proof that the officer abused the power of his job. He shot the man 16 times and it was all on camera, there was no way he would be able to get out of that situation. Police wearing body cameras can help solve crimes and prove who did what. In most cases, it is difficult to figure out who did what, especially without having video of what actually happened. Crime scenes can never end well. Last April in Arizona, a police officer was following a man named Mario Valencia. Earlier that day, he robbed a 7-Eleven, an hour later he set a fire at a church, entered a home and stole a car, drove to a Walmart and stole a .30-30 rifle and ammunition. Police found him in a business park; repeatedly told to drop the weapon, pointed the rifle at police several times and towards himself. It seemed as if he was playing a sick mind game. As Valencia walked towards a local manufacturer, Officer Rapiejko used his police car to stop the dangerous situation. The police officer hit the Valencia with his cop car. Valencia was seriously injured, but he survived. It might have not been the best decision to be made, but what else would have stopped him? Would he have been a coward and take his own life after causing all that craziness? Luckily the cop car had a dashcam, and it was able to provide proof from the scene. It showed Valencia’s dangerous moves to police. Also this past November in Las Vegas, a driver named James Smyth had been speeding in his sedan, and then it was reported that he hit a metro squad car. When the two CCSD officers pulled a person from the path of the car that Smyth hit, the police fired their weapons, which stopped Smyth’s Sedan and killed him. The CCSD officers were wearing body cameras at the time, which gave proof of what was occurring at that moment. It even showed the numerous times the police shot at the man. This proves that police should be wearing body cameras; it will provide as much proof as it possibly can. Police who wear body cameras would make things easier for investigators to figure out answers to many questions; it’d display the scene around police, and if a police officer were to start shooting his or her weapon, it will be known who brought out the gun first and shot the first bullet.
It will also prove who first started the action in the crime scene. With police body cameras it will make things much easier if something were to go wrong. Last year on October in Chicago, a student named Laquan McDonald was shot 16 times; he did not go to attack the police, he did the complete opposite. He went the other way from the police, and that’s when Officer Jason Van Dyke pulled out his gun. He was not wearing a body camera, but thankfully the dash cam from another police car at the scene had recorded the whole scene. It was audible, all the yelling and gunshots were heard. There was no doubt that it was just Officer Van Dyke who did the damage; he took a man’s life. Yes, what Laquan McDonald had been doing was a crime, but what the officer did was overkill. No one has a reason to shoot someone 16 times; that number was outrageous. Imagine if there were no dash cams that night, what would’ve happened? In different cases besides Laquan McDonald, videos that are recorded can protect any false accusations or
statements. Prevention is also a good reason why police officers should wear body cameras at all times. Both police and respondents will least likely use violence when are they are encountered. If either officer or respondent were accused of anything, there would be proof of it. These cameras can get faces, names, addresses, and other public records of the person. Police body cameras are able to show more than just the facts; it will show the entire scene, as if it were in the police officer’s eyes. The use of police body cameras, like those used in cities like Seattle are spreading to keep officers honest about using excessive force against citizens. Even though these cameras can help get to the truth of any incident, they also are recording any distraught victims, grieving family members, and even people who suffer from a mental disease. “The use of police body cameras is still in its infancy, with no official count for how many of the 18,000 state and local departments have turned to them. But dozens of agencies across the country are testing them, and many have plans to roll them out more broadly” (The Big Story). With the dozens of agencies testing out the cameras, officials will realize how much of a big help it would be for all police throughout our country. Cameras can solve one problem, but can create others. The opposing argument of police wearing body cameras can be people feeling as if it were invasion of privacy; as if a family in mourning or distraught victims. When the police cameras are on and recording, they will capture anything the officers decide to do. Some might even say that not everything has to be recorded. Like if he or she is for a walk to the local Dunkin Donuts, it may not seem that important to some, but it can seem a little over exaggerating. Mint Press News states that, “A policy to release all police-recorded videos could mean footage of the inside of a person’s home or a hospital would be available. But if the policy is not to release footage in order to protect a person’s privacy, that could mean a video of an officer shooting someone would not be made public, defeating the main purpose of the use of these cameras..” When it comes to decisions like this, there’s always numerous groups of people who simply do not agree, and will do all they can to fight against it. Some can easily say that cameras are expensive and can damage easily, and they would violate not only the privacy of the police officer but also the public. Then there’s the type of people who are negative and are hopeless with their attitudes. Comments are made such as “It doesn't matter if cameras are put on the police because they’re still going to get away with murder, and they can easily erase the footage. And there will be times that it didn’t captured entire footage for the evidence…” In conclusion, all police officers should be wearing body cameras, no matter what. Each day when they go to work they should be putting on their uniform, along with the body camera. You never know what can happen nowadays, especially with all these random acts of violence going on throughout the country, the states, the cities, the towns, and the neighborhoods. There would be no problem with an officer wearing a body camera because devices can be made small enough for an individual to not see the camera. It would make things much easier when proof is needed, like in the case with Laquan McDonald and Officer Jason Van Dyke. The police officer was not wearing a body camera, but thank God there was another police car that had it’s dashcam on. The 16 gunshots were audible and you could clearly see the teen walking the opposite of the police, and NOT doing anything to “attack” the officers. What would’ve happened if there was no video? Would anyone come clean and say what really happened that night? Would anyone have reported what Van Dyke did if there was no video? Or would they back him up and make up lies saying McDonald attacked the police? Imagine all the things police officers would get away with if they did not have the cameras. And for the police officers who are not wearing the cameras, imagine what they are capable of…With them wearing cameras, there will be much more justice for people who are accused of crimes they did not do, those who are wrongly killed, and cops who take advantage of their power.
One of the sources used to disprove that body camera isn’t the answer includes Jamelle Bouie article, Keeping the Police honest. Mr. Bouie is the chief political correspondent at Slate who graduated from the University of Virginia with a political and social thought degree (Tumblr.com). His work consists of issues relating to national politics, public policies and racial inequality. His work has also been published in Slate online magazine, the New Yorker, the Washington Post and TIME Magazine (Tumblr.com). Slate is an online magazine that post about the news, politics, business, technology and culture (slate.com). In Jamelle article, Keeping the Police honest he talks about incidents where police officers were being recorded and took excessive
Police officers with their body cameras: a history and back ground paper to answer the question if should all police officers wear body cameras, it is important to first look at the history and back ground of the topic. According to article of Journal of quantitative criminology, writers Ariel, Farrar, Sutherland, Body cameras have been given a new eye opener to people about the excessive use of force against their community members. Arial, Farrar, and Sutherland in the article state “The effect of police body warn cameras on use of force and citizens’ complaints against the police: A randomize controlled trial” describe their observation as:
I feel body cameras will bring more awareness to police departments when it comes to the honesty in their staff’s action when they are unsupervised. They can be used as hard evidence in court rooms, to help make the correct judgment on the situations in question. A case of which Officer Michael Slager fell victim to when the courts later changed their verdict after being presented with a video of what really happened.
“A body-worn camera in public policing is a miniature audio and video recording device which allows recording of officers’ duties and citizen interaction,” notes Thomas K. Bud. Police body-cameras are significantly growing in popularity across Canada. While legislation has not confirmed definite rules regarding the use of body-cameras, local police departments have begun their implementation. Canadian police services involved in these projects include Toronto, Victoria, Edmonton, Calgary, and Amherstburg Police Services. The results of these projects have revealed mixed thoughts regarding body-camera effectiveness. Is it a good idea for police to wear body-cameras? While the cost of police wearing body cameras seems prohibitive, police wearing
There have been lots of modern technologies introduced in the United States of America to assist law enforcement agencies with crime prevention. But the use of body-worn cameras by police personnel brings about many unanswered questions and debate. Rising questions about the use of body cam are from concern citizens and law enforcement personnel. In this present day America, the use body cameras by all law enforcement personnel and agencies are one of the controversial topics being discussed on a daily base. Body worn cameras were adopted due to the alleged police brutality cases: for instance, the case of Michael Brown, an African-American who was shot and killed by a police officer in Ferguson, Missouri, on August 2014, Eric Garner died as a result of being put in a chokehold by a New York police officer, and John Crawford, shot and killed by a police officer at a Walmart in Beavercreek, Ohio.
While both dash cams and body mounted cams record interactions between police and citizens, “dash cam- eras are confined to places where cars can go, which are usually public places, such as roads and parking lots. A dash camera cannot easily record inside people’s homes and other places where there is a heightened expectation of privacy”(Freund 97). Thus, allowing body mounted cameras to record the more private aspects of a law enforcement related situations. Also “unlike body-mounted cameras, CCTV cameras do not record conversations”(Freund 98).This could deter people from going to the police when they witness a crime, because they are afraid of being exposed to the person who committed the crime, giving them the information needed if they choose to retaliate. Ebi, Kevin states that “sensitive information can 't get out if it 's never recorded in the first place,” so, if there is a distress call made to the police for help, there won’t be concern that the person in distresses voice, face or the inside of their home could end up on YouTube ("Body Of
Since their inception, police body cameras have been a controversial topic as many do not agree on their effectiveness and legality. To the trained eye, body cameras clearly have no negatives other than the sheer cost of their implementation. Some people, nonetheless, do believe that it is an encroachment of privacy for police to record private and/or public interactions even though it is purely legal. While that may be seen as a negative, it is wholly subjective and must be completely ignored when considering the factual analysis of police body camera use that is necessary to verify their validity. When only taking fact into account, there is no way to deny the nearly infinite benefits of body cameras.
The researcher hypothesizes that the use of body-cameras on police officers would reduce the instances of gainful communication between civilians and law enforcement. The null-hypothesis is that the use of body-cameras on police officers will have no effect on gainful communication between civilian and law enforcement. In determining the implications of how body-cameras effects civilian behavior, the research will include a sampling survey of criminal justice students and information gathered from journal documents related to research on police body-cameras.
Do police officers really need body cameras is a question that has been repeated all throughout the nation. Body cameras are video recording systems that are used by law enforcement to record their interactions with the public and gather video evidence. Most police departments do not wear body cameras currently and the ones that do are in trial phases to see how it works out. There are many advantages to police officers wearing body cameras but in asking the question should they wear body cameras the stakeholders should look at the complete picture. One reason that police and body cameras have constantly been brought up lately are the instances of police brutality happening within the United States. Police brutality within the United States
Not only will using body cameras decrease the number of civilian deaths, it will also allow better and faster punishment for both officers accused with violating the rights of an innocent civilians. These recorded videos will also help punish civilians accused of crimes caught on camera, due to the jury and judge 's ability to get visual first-hand evidence of the incident. According to Paul Marks, author of Police, Camera, Action, “Confronted with footage of their actions, defendants are pleading guilty earlier” (2). Also these cameras will be a deterrent as because these officers know they are being watched and will be more cautious about the amount of force used when subduing a suspect and in policing in general, because just like in normal situations people act differently if they know they are being recorded. Others may argue that because the cameras are recording people will be less likely to come forward with evidence. However, according to Kelly Freund, author of When Cameras Are Rolling: Privacy Implications of Body Mounted Cameras on
One of the many drawbacks that come with using body cameras is due to the fact that there is a locus of control. This may pose a problem because there is an underlying question of who can control the cameras. There can be many videos of incidents that are not captured because an officer decided to turn off their camera. Officers have the ability to turn them off or on which causes the problem of each officer not releasing them. Many departments across the country does not even allow individuals to access the footage that is recorded and with the laws that are in place for many department to deny access to the footage that they have. Due to each officer having to release the footage that they capture, they are allowed to review the footage that they record before they make a statement (Harvard Law Review). This is one of the biggest drawbacks because controlling the video footage is important in not only courts but to ensure the minds of
...ith the public” (When cops kill). The bodycams would capture the time when Officers use force it will protect the Officer with lawsuits but it can also be used as evidence against him. There are many controversies that come from using the bodycam many are that the Officer can pause or stop the recording or that they can edit the recording so it can not look bad to the public.
On August 09, 2014 an incident involving an 18 year old named Michael Brown and Police Officer Darren Wilson sparked an immediate demand for police across the nation to be mandated to wear police body cameras. This incident between these two was also immediately politicalized, racialized, and seemed to galvanize the public’s opinion that police in general were racist, corrupt and untrustworthy.
Former secretary of the Department of Homeland Security, Chertoff says in his newspaper article that video evidence would help the public and police in sorting out allegations that have come up in today’s world. He feels that video is a great record of facts that are unbiased. There is better evidence of crimes with video. Also, he states police would have greater accountability. He gives the example of one police officer’s recordings from a body camera would be a terabyte of data within a year. Times that by state and local police officers would mean a huge amount of data to be stored. Chertoff also discussed the
Technology today is very advanced and if we take a moment to think about it, it will get more advanced in the future. Cameras today have a great quality and many awesome features. In the article “The Development of Camera