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Quizlet aphasia
Quizlet aphasia
Psychology essay on aphasia and different types and research
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The use of telepratice in the field of speech-language pathology has become increasingly popular as new technologies have developed and expanded. For individuals living with chronic aphasia, telepractice is a feasible option because these individuals can engage in therapy activities from the comfort of their own homes. This study entitled, “A Usability Study of Internet-Based Therapy for Naming Deficits in Aphasia,” seeks to determine whether the usability of the Phonological Components Analysis treatment program could be appropriate for patients with chronic post-stroke aphasia. Usability was defined as containing three elements: 1) effectiveness (Did the patient complete tasks?), 2) efficiency (Did the patient have difficulty completing tasks?), …show more content…
The participants were English-speaking and had a left-hemisphere stroke resulting in chronic aphasia. Both of the clinicians had one-four years of telepractice experience, but had no prior experience with the Phonological Components Analysis treatment program. All of the participants were assessed on the three usability elements after using the treatment program during three-four sessions for six hours.
The Phonological Components Analysis treatment program is an Internet-based program designed to improve naming deficits in individuals with aphasia. This audio program was accessed remotely by both the participant and the clinician. The clinician presented pictures and target words on the computer screen which included a question for the participant to answer, such as “What sound does this picture end with?” Then results for the three usability elements were
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Each section was organized and written in a way that the readers would be able to understand. The authors explained the previous research that had been conducted on individuals with aphasia, and this showed the readers that the authors had a well-documented, concise review of literature. A strength of this study was the exclusion criteria of the participants. This included drug or alcohol abuse, psychiatric illnesses, and other neurological illnesses. If the participants had any one of these three criteria, this could have negatively affected the outcomes of the
We talked about Wernickes aphasia also known as fluent aphasia which causes comprehension difficulties. For example, people can talk in sentences that do not have any meaning and say words that don't make any sense. We also talked about Brocas aphasia also known as non-fluent aphasia which causes people to have a hard time with direction and prepositions. People with Brocas aphasia have trouble using connecting words for their sentences and understanding the order of the words in a...
Two subtests comprise the Sound-Symbol Composite: Phonological Processing and Nonsense Word Decoding. Catalina’s overall performance fell within the Average range (Sound-Symbol Composite Standard Score of 97; 42nd percentile). Catalina performed within the average range when asked to respond orally to items that require manipulation of the sounds within words (Phonological Processing). Additionally, she was asked to read aloud nonsense terms (Nonsense Word Decoding). She performed in the average range in comparison to her same-age peers.
In the early stage of human life, an infant who is in their mother’s womb has already experienced communicating their language through actions by responding to their mother’s voice by kicking. Hence communicating their language will then expand from just limited actions to words as they develop throughout the years. And the four structural Language components; phonology, semantics, grammar and pragmatics will be involved during the stages of their language development and these components are significantly supported by the roles of nature and nurture. Fellowes & Oakley (2014, p. 21) ‘The phonological component of language comprises the various sounds that are used in speaking.
Salonen, L. (2013). L. S. Vygotsky 's psychology and theory of learning applied to the rehabilitation of aphasia: A developmental and systemic view. Aphasiology, 27(5), 615-635. doi:10.
Aphasia can be defined as a disorder that is caused by damage to parts of the brain that are responsible for language (“Aphasia” n.p.). Wernicke’s aphasia is a type of fluent aphasia (with the other type being nonfluent). It is named after Carl Wernicke who described the disorder as “an amnesiac disorder characterized by fluent but disordered speech, with a similar disorder in writing, and impaired understanding of oral speech and reading” (“Wernicke’s” n.p.). Wernicke’s aphasia can also be known as sensory aphasia, fluent aphasia, or receptive aphasia. It is a type of aphasia that is caused by damage to Wernicke’s area in the brain, in the posterior part of the temporal lobe of the left hemisphere. This area of the brain contains motor neurons responsible for the understanding of spoken language and is believed to be the receptive language center (“Rogers” n.p.). Wernicke’s aphasia can be most efficiently defined as a fluent language disorder commonly caused by strokes and characterized by difficulty comprehending spoken language and producing meaningful speech and writing which is both assessable by an SLP and treatable by a variety of methods.
`There are two types of treatment options for aphasia, speech and language therapy. Some people with Aphasia do not completely regain their communication skills they had before the disorder. With speech and language therapy it can help the patient improved their language skills by relearning them, It can help better use of the residual language ability, It also can give the patient the ability to communicate in a different way, making up for missing words in speech.
Subject-Based Deaf and Hard of Hearing Internet Resources. (2004, August 31). Retrieved October 17, 2004, from http://wally.rit.edu/internet/subject/deafness.html
National Institute of Health. (2011). National Institute on Deafness and other communication disorders: Improving the lives of people who have communication disorders. National Institute on
Phonological awareness (PA) involves a broad range of skills; This includes being able to identify and manipulate units of language, breaking (separating) words down into syllables and phonemes and being aware of rhymes and onset and rime units. An individual with knowledge of the phonological structure of words is considered phonologically aware. A relationship has been formed between Phonological awareness and literacy which has subsequently resulted in Phonological awareness tasks and interventions.This relationship in particular is seen to develop during early childhood and onwards (Lundberg, Olofsson & Wall 1980). The link between PA and reading is seen to be stronger during these years also (Engen & Holen 2002). As a result Phonological awareness assessments are currently viewed as both a weighted and trusted predictor of a child's reading and spelling and ability.
"My most valuable tool is words, the words I can now use only with difficulty. My voice is debilitated - mute, a prisoner of a communication system damaged by a stroke that has robbed me of language," stated A. H. Raskins, one of approximately one million people in the United States who suffer from aphasia (1), a disorder which limits the comprehension and expression of language. It is an acquired impairment due to brain injury in the left cerebral hemisphere. The most common cause of aphasia is a stroke, but other causes are brain tumors, head injury, or other neuralgic illnesses. Of the estimated 400,000 strokes which occur a year, approximately 80,000 of those patients develop some form of aphasia (2). Another important observation is that within the United States, there are twice as many people with aphasia as there are individuals with Parkinson's disease (2). Yet, what is so astounding is the lack of public awareness about aphasia. Aphasia attacks an intricate part of a person's daily life - the simple act of communication and sharing. The disbursement of such a tool deprives an individual of education learned through their life, often leaving the ill fated feeling hopeless and alone. In considering the effects of aphasia, a deeper analysis of the two most common forms of aphasia will be examined: Broca's aphasia and Wernicke's aphasia. While both forms occur usually as a result of a stroke in the left hemisphere of the brain, their particular site of impairment produces different side effects in an individual's comprehension and speech. These regions have been further studied through experimental researches such as positron emission tomography (PET). Moreover, although there is currently no cure for the disorder, there are treatments and certain guidelines to follow when encountering an aphasic.
In this world, humans and animals alike have come to communicate by using various mechanisms. Humans have advanced themselves beyond other organisms by using language, or a set of codes and symbols, in order to express themselves to others. Language has brought about a means to create new thoughts, to explore, and to analyze our everyday surroundings. It has also enabled us to retain past memories and to look deep into the advances for the future. However, for some individuals, this tool for communication has been plagued by a language and speech disorders, such as aphasia. Aphasia is the loss of the ability to speak or understand speech or written language. It is often detected at an early age, and contributes to the general class of speech and language disorders affecting "5% of school aged children" (1) . Aphasia is classified into three categories. The main two are receptive or sensory aphasia and expressive or motor aphasia. Receptive aphasia affects the input side and "the ability to understand spoken or written language may be partially or totally lost" (1) . Those with expressive aphasia "can speak but not find certain words or names, or may be totally unable to communicate verbally or by writing" (1) . For a majority of affected individuals, there is a combination of the two. The third type is conduction aphasia. This "involves disruption of transmission between the sensory and motor ends of the circuit" (1) . Here, individuals are able to produce speech despite the lack of connections to the input side. It seems that the ability to speak has a lot to do with your surroundings and how much emphasis was placed on developing this skill during the first few years after birth. Afterall, it's known that the first few years are critical because this is the time when the brain is "plastic" and is rapidly changing and being molded. By the time that adolescence is reached, the brain has become "less plastic". In this paper, I would like to explore theories proposed to try to understand the origins of this impairment.
Jude’s Rehabilitation Center for stroke victims. I worked one-on-one with people who had severe strokes, which usually resulted in interrupting his or her speech production, aphasia, dysarthria, and dysphagia. At this rehabilitation center, I learned another form of communication; I learned to write upside down. With a whiteboard, I learned to connect and transfer information with each client by using picture systems and yes-or-no questions. Smiles would creep on clients’ faces because of the relationship we shared despite his or her inability to speak. One client, “Tom,” taught me an invaluable lesson on language. No matter what I tried, “Tom” refused to communicate with me, so I went to my supervisor and asked for help. She brought his Jewish background to my attention and explained that my questions were culturally narrow. Compassion was my intent, but my delivery was that of a novice. The next semester, I took a class on multiculturalism through language, and I earned an A+ from the department chair of my department, Toya Wyatt. In the end, empathy is a vital language skill as well. My experience with “Tom” motivated me to improve as an SLP and to refine my craft by acquiring more tools and strategies. I am now a better SLP because I recognize that there are a variety of communicative and linguistic backgrounds which affect a client’s ability to thrive. After I finished my degree at CSUF, I entered a master’s program in Special Education at UNLV through my participation as a Corps Member of Teach for
The AHSC is a non-profit organization which is willing to help people who are lack of English language skills to improve their health care quality and get more involved with the local community. Particularly, most of their clients are elderly. According to their statistical report, during 1999-2012, 59% of the clients were over the age of 50, and 40% of them are over the age of 60. In addition, only 3% of their clients were able to speak English. (AHSC, 2012)
Consonant is a speech sound which is produced by a partial or a complete obstruction of the airflow by the constriction of the speech organs ( Ladefoged and Disner, 2012:201). The production of consonants involves bringing two of the speech organs close enough together to shut off or restrict the flow of air (Bennett, 1998: 7). Consonant sounds may be voiced or voiceless which are produced with an obstruction or occlusion at some points in the vocal tract, this obstruction of airflow could be complete or partial (Al-Hamad, 2002: 75 and Erwin, 2004:5). Consonant sounds are not produced or formed only if there is an occlusion in the flow of air or when there is a close articulation of two organs of speech or when they are fully pressed together to form the consonant sound (Ahmed, 2004:16).
In this course we study both phonetics and phonology. Phonetics to improve the way we should spell the sounds, and in order to spell the correct sounds we should learn how to listen accurately. It’s also known as the study of language which contains 44 sounds and 26 letters. Phonology is to study the rules for combining phonemes and what happened due to this combination. Phonetics contains consonant, vowels & diphthongs. It’s also used in language and linguistics rules that specify how the phonemes are organized into syllables, words, and sentences to