Phoenician Civilization Research Paper

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Phoenicia was an ancient civilization composed of independent city-states which lay along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea stretching through what is now Syria, Lebannon and northern Israel. The Phoenicians were a great maritime people. They were also known for their mighty ships that were adorned with horses’ heads in honor of their god of the sea, Yamm who was the brother of Mot, the god of death. The most powerful states in Phoenicia were the cities of Tyre and Sidon. Gebal/Byblos and Baalbek are the most important spiritual/religious centers. Phoenician city-states were firmly established by 2750 BCE. The city thrived as a maritime trader (shipping goods from port) and manufacturing center from 1500-332 BCE. In addition, the Phoenicians were highly regarded for their skill in ship-building, glass-making, the production of dyes, and they had an impressive level of skill in the manufacture of luxury and common goods (Mark, Joshua 2009). This paper will explore the reasons why the Phoenicians were considered a civilization.
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Did the Phoenicians process the 5-steps to being a civilization? …show more content…

Their major cities were Tyre, Sidon, Byblos, and Arwad. All four cities were fiercely independent rival cities. Unlike the neighboring inland states, the Phoenicians represented a confederation of maritime traders rather than a defined country (Metropolitan Museum of Art 2000 – 2015). In addition, the National Museum of Art reported that it is unknown what the Phoenicians actually called themselves. However, the word Phoenician may have been from the ancient term Canaanite. The name Phoenician could possibly represent the color purple-red which is an allusion to the production of a highly prized purple dye. The violet-purple dye is derived from the Murex sea-snail's

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