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The rise of christianity quizlet
An essay on the birth of Christianity
An essay on the birth of Christianity
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During the eleventh and twelfth centuries we can read about a very
interesting and somewhat mysterious figure. He is referred to by many names,
such as, Valdes, Valdesius, Valdensius, and Waldo (Valdo), from the city of
Lyons. Though references to Waldo and his followers (Waldensians) seem to be always in the shadows, being difficult to understand, and always enduring persecution, they seem to have been on the cutting edge of The Reformation. According to the “Anonymous writer of Passau,” some have attempted to carry the origin of the Waldensians back to the apostolic age. Most have given up on this theory, due to investigation by many German scholars. Early Waldensian sources are few and unreliable, and not much is known about the founder. Even his name is shrouded in somewhat of a mystery. The story goes that Waldo and his followers were preaching in the streets of Lyon and were asked to cease by the bishop of Lyon. Waldo’s reply was a quote from Peter. He replied, “they ought to obey God, rather than men.” Having quoted Peter, the name Peter became attached to his own. Though slight and subtle, Peter Waldo and his followers had an impact on the Christian world of his time, sending ripples throughout history that can still be sensed in present day Christianity.
The actions and views of Waldo are shrouded in mystery because neither he, nor contemporaries in his movement ever chronicled their lives. This may be due in part to the fact that many of his first followers were common people, uneducated and illiterate. One account does tell us that Waldo was aroused to religious zeal by the sudden death of a leading member of the city of Lyon, of
which he was a witness. He then heard a ballad sung by a minstrel on the public sq...
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...amine the promise Christ once made. “ I will build my church and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it” (Matt. 16:18).
Works Cited
Cameron, Euan. “The Reformation of the Heretics: The Waldenses of the Alps,
1480-1580. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984
Tourn, Giorgio. “The Waldensians: The First 800 Years (1174-1974).
Translated from the Italian by Camilo P. Merlino, Charles W. Arbuthnot, editor. Torino, Italy: Claudiana Editrice, 1980.Fs
Dennis H. McCallum “The Waldensian Movement: From Waldo to the
Reformation” 2- January, 1987
The Editors of the Encyclopedia Britannica “Waldenses” Britannica online. Web.
July 17, 2014
Stong, C.H. “A Brief Sketch of the Waldenses. London: Lawrence, Kansas:
J.S. Boughton Publishing Co., 1893
Justo L. Gonzalez “The Story of Christianity: The Early Church to the Dawn of the Reformation” HarperCollins, New York NY, 2010
Gregorio Dati, Diary, in Gene Brucker (ed), Two Memoirs of Renaissance Florence (Waveland Press, 1991) p. 107
Plate 108. N.d. A History Of Lindale. Rome: Art Department of Rome, 1997. XL. Print.
Martin Luther, was “temperamental, peevish, egomaniacal, and argumentative” (Hooker, www.wsu.edu), but played a pivotal role in history. During Luther's time as a monk, the Catholic Church was selling indulgences. Luther took notice to the corruption and began to reason that men can only get their salvation through Jesus Christ, not the Pope or indulgences, let alone the Church itself. Luther began ...
MARY D. GARRARD, “Artemisia Gentileschi: The Image of the Female Hero in Italian Baroque Art”, Princeton, Princeton, University Press, 1989.
All of Europe used to be united under one religion, Catholicism. Europe started inching away from Catholicism during the 13th - 15th centuries. The church leaders started to only think about money and the power they held, instead of the real reason they were supposed to be there, God. This caused an uprising of people who no longer wanted to be a part of the Catholic church, nicknamed Protestants because they protested the ways of the catholic church. The Protestant Reformation was caused by corruption in the church, Martin Luther and John Calvin’s ideas, and the clergy and their preachings.
Brucker, Gene A. & Co. Renaissance Florence. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969. Mandelbaum, Allen. A.
Giordani, Igino. Catherine of Siena: Fire and Blood . Trans. Thomas J. Tobin. Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Company, 1959.
with his 95 Theses. A strict father who most likely did not accept “no” as an
During the reign of King Richard II "England was experiencing her first serious outbreak of heresy for nearly a millennium." This widespread heresy, known as Lollardy, held the reformation of the Catholic Church as its main motivation, and was based upon the ideas of John Wyclif, an Oxford scholar. "All kinds of men, not only in London but in widely-separated regions of the country, seized the opportunity to voice criticisms both constructive and destructive of the present state of the Church." While commoners protested and pressed for reform, going so far as to present their manifesto, the "Twelve Conclusions," to Parliament, members of the royal household were protecting John Wyclif and his ideas, John of Gaunt, son of King Edward III, and Joan of Kent, the widowed Princess of Wales, "by whose influence he was protected from ultimate disgrace (such as excommunication)," were Wyclif's supporters and protectors.
Partridge, Loren. The Art of Renaissance Rome 1400-1600. New York, NY: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1996.
The Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century is one of the most complex movements in European history since the fall of the Roman Empire. The Reformation truly ends the Middle Ages and begins a new era in the history of Western Civilization. The Reformation ended the religious unity of Europe and ushered in 150 years of religious warfare. By the time the conflicts had ended, the political and social geography in the west had fundamentally changed. The Reformation would have been revolutionary enough of itself, but it coincided in time with the opening of the Western Hemisphere to the Europeans and the development of firearms as effective field weapons. It coincided, too, with the spread of Renaissance ideals from Italy and the first stirrings of the Scientific Revolution. Taken together, these developments transformed Europe.
Martin Luther, a German monk, known to many as the “Father of Reformation” did not initially or intentionally, start the Lutheran religion. However, his teachings became the cornerstone of what is known today as the Lutheran Religion. Marting Luther was born in Germany in 1483, became a monk, got ordained in 1507 then began to teach at the University of Wittenberg. Even though Martin Luther was ordained in the Catholic Church he became torn as some of the acts of the church he believed to be wrong. So began the reform.
Harr, James. Essays on Italian Poetry and Music in the Renassisance: 1350-1600. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986.
...ake a new temple of worship called the church. “In [Jesus] the whole building is joined together and rises to become a holy temple in the Lord.” (Ephesians 2:21)
During the Reformation in Europe, many changes were brought about. Among these changes included people such as Erasmus, Martin Luther, the peasants of Swabia, and King Henry VIII. These people brought about some of the most important changes in European history. Without these individuals Europe would be a completely different country than what it is today.