This test was carried out by choosing three tablets from each formulation after weighing them. The temperature of the dissolution apparatus was adjusted at 37°C and the speed of paddles was constant at 50rpm.After that, each vessel of the dissolution apparatus was full with 1 liter of phosphate buffer. Subsequently, each tablet was placed into its individual vessel. The test was performed over 8 hours with extracting 10mL of each sample and replaced with the same amount of the phosphate buffer which was at the same temperature over the 8 hours as the following: half an hour, one hour, two hours, three hours, four hours, five hours, six hours, seven hours and eight hours. The all withdrawn samples were analyzed by using the UV spectroscopy …show more content…
Each tablet was placed on pre-weighed container, and then they were weighted by using the digital balanceafter making sure that any extra drops of water was uninvolved and the container was completely dry and clean. This step was repeated for each tablet to determine the exact swelling percentage through the following formula *Where Ws represents the swollen sample while Wi represents the initial mass of the tablet. All the tablets were kept in the oven where the temperature was around 70°C for the next day in order to dry them. The tablets with the container were weighted together again after making sure that they were completely dry without moisture in order to determine the erosion percentage by applying the following formula *Where Wi is the initial mass of the tablet, while Wt is the mass of the dried tablet Kinetic modelling The kinetics of drug release were calculated using the results of the dissolution test and after plotting the lines in different ways to perform the kinetics models for example first order, zero order, Korsmeyer-peppas, Higutchi and finally Hixson-crowell. First order was performed to assist in the description of the drug dissolution in formulations. The formula to obtain results was : First order = …show more content…
Korsmeyer-Peppas model was utilised to evaluate if the dosage forms follow either Fickiane diffusion or non-Fickiane diffusion using the following formula; Korsmeyer-Peppas=Mt/M∞=ktn Where Mt/M∞= represents the portion of released drug at specific time (t), k refers to the rate of released content and nrepresents the release exponent. the chart is performed by plotting the log time versus the proportion of released drug . Higuchi model was applied to explain the dissolution of drug comes out of a matrix tablet using the following formula: Higuchi = Qt= Kh x t1/2 Where Qt represents the quantity of the dissolved drug in specific time,Kh represents Higuchi dissolution constant while t represents the time. The chart is performed through the proportion of released drug versus thesquare root of time. Finally, the model of Hixson-crowellusing the following formula ; Hixson-crowell= Q01/3 -Qt1/3 = Kst Where Q0stills as it is in the previous model,Qt refers to the quantity of unreleased drug ,whileKsrepresent Hixson-crowell constant at particular time (t)
The mixture was poured through a weight filter paper and Sucrose washed with a 5ml of dichloromethane. The resulting solid was left in a breaker to dry for one week, to be measured. Left it in the drawer to dry out for a week and weighted it to find the sucrose amount recovered amount.
Anne Zhang 3/6/14 BSGE 7-1 Lab Report Problem Paragraph 1 Question: What is the effect of temperature on the dissolving time of an Alka-Seltzer? Alka-Seltzer is made up of baking soda, aspirin, and citric acid which gives the tablet the fizz when dropped in any temperature water. “Alka-Seltzer is a medication that works as a pain reliever and an antacid.
The quicker the tablets will dissolve because there will be more water. particles to collide with. So the rate increases. * If the amount of tablets being used is increased for the same amount of water, i.e. as concentration increases, rate will increase. increase as well because there will be more collisions between particles.
The analysis is therefore one of the most effective methods of ensuring that each drug being prescribed to patients is safe. It also ensures that all drug components are understood in terms of their structure and chemical behavior. This understanding is very important in the manufacture of drugs and other pharmaceutical products.
Moisture is heavy, and thus it can change the results of the experiment, as we only want the weight of magnesium and the magnesium oxide.
... while weighing the reactants would try and avoid letting the reagents get in contact with apparatus that may not be necessary so as to avoid loss of some the substance and this way the exact mass would be achieved.
an unknown amino acid. A titration curve is the plot of the pH versus the volume
In the framework of PESTEL analysis, Chipotle do not have any political factors that are affecting them. They do have to comply with the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) codes and regulations for food safety. For the economic factors, numerous of elements could affect the profitability of Chipotle. An example would be the price of ingredients, which is the 2nd largest expense in the restaurant after wages for employees. Rather there is an inflation or surplus of the ingredients, it can hugely affect their profitability. Another element would be level of employment which is if people can afford spending money to dine in a restaurant. The social factors for Chipotle would be the age group and lifestyle. Society are looking for more healthy food which Chipotle have the advantage when compares to other fast-casual restaurant. The technological element that affect for Chipotle is not as high in other area, the online reviews and comments consist of positive and negative feedbacks. Although marketing and advertisement helps Chipotle to promote their products, but for restaurant they are
I have chosen to look at the effect of the weight applied, as it is a
Size and stability: Liquid formulation can be bulky, difficult to transport and store.1 During storage under the stated conditions, it’s necessary that oral solutions are not subject to precipitation, fast sedimentation, caking or formation of lump.2 They have poor stability compare to solid dosage form formulation due to hydrolysis.1 Therefore, it’s important to optimize the active ingredient stability in liquid formulation including those prepared from powder or granules.2
“Pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) can be seen as two sides of the same coin. PK and PD have a definite relationship, assessing how much drug gets to the site of action and then what that action is. Both activities are essential in the complete investigation of the interaction between the drug and body, and play significant roles in both drug development and their continual use in the clinical setting (Institute Of Clinical Research, Clinical Pharmacology Special Interest Group, Pharmacokinetics vs. Pharmacodynamics).”
Analysis of Aspirin Tablets Aim --- To discover the percentage of acetylsalicylic acid in a sample of aspirin tablets. ----------------------------------------------------------------- In order to do this, the amount of moles that react with the sodium hydroxide must be known. This is achieved by using the method of back titration.
...rescribes relate to the patient health and well being. One of the exam I need to take this year is the NCLEX, my hope is that the details I learned about the dose amount may be helpful in solving the problem and can immediately do a process of elimination and see which answers make more sense.
Perhaps one of the most used mathematic skill in the medical field is converting units. According to a study based on IMS’s Vector One Database, in the year 2011 alone there were 3,764,698,318 prescriptions filled in the United States (SDI Health). In order to prescribe and fill these prescriptions, pharmacists and doctors had to precisely calculate medication measurements. Medication is prescribed using the metric system, often in milligrams per kilogram (Glydon). To figure how much medicine to prescribe to a patient, a doctor must first convert their patient’s weight in pounds to kilograms. After this, they must carefully calculate the amount of required milligrams per kilogram. Doctors must be able to determine ...
Several factors affect the action of disintegrants such as: ratio of the disintegrant in tablet, particle size, molecular structure, compression force, method of incoroporation, compatibility with other excipients, adding more than one disintegrant, addition of surfactant, tablet hardness the tablets, API nature , mixing, screening and others [5,10,11]. In 1980, Rundic and co-workers found that larger CPV grades (with larger particle size) are more efficient than smaller one [12]. Later in 1981, Smallenbroek et al studied the effect of particle size of the disintegrant on the disintegration of tablet, they found that larger particle size are more efficient than smaller one [13]. Later, Rundic and co-workers studied the effect of crosslinking