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Animal experimentation ethical treatment
Ethical concerns of animal testing
Ethical and scientific considerations regarding animal testing and research
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For thousands of years scientist have been performing vivisections on animals to find information on new chemicals, drugs, and vaccines. Vivisection is when scientist perform dissections among living animals mostly for the purpose of educating and retrieving information. Experimenting on animals has become the tool that has helped us comprehend the body functions of an animal and how a disease transforms the bodily functions, but over the years it’s caused animal rights activists to question the usefulness and the sincerity of using animals for this purpose. Although animal research has been helpful in the past, it is morally wrong in the sense that experimenting on animals is not the only way to collect information. There are other alternatives …show more content…
AIDS is a disease of the immune system increasing chances to receive infections, tumors or cancer caused by transmitting it through blood, blood products that enter the bloodstream, contaminated needles, or sexual contact. 98-percents of the chimps have a similar type of DNA as humans do, so scientists assumed the transmission process would be the same. Unlike humans the chimpanzees did not develop AIDS when being infected with the HIV virus. Though the genes between humans and chimps seem the same there is one difference specifically in the immune system that explains why chimpanzee are not affected by AIDS or Alzheimer 's disease, and that’s because chimps have a DNA section 10,000 bases long that humans don’t have that is similar to a retrovirus which is when a group of viruses insert a DNA copy of their haploid chromosomes in a …show more content…
They say “the new technologies, such as software models that mimic the human body and stem cells extracted from embryos or grow from skin cells will reduce or eliminate that need for animal testing”(Animal Testing pg1 para 5). Health director Dr. Elias Zerhouni admits that experimenting on animals to help humans has been a failing disappointment and says “we have moved away from studying human disease in humans. The problem is that animal testing has not worked, and it is time we stopped dancing around the problem… We need to refocus and adapt new methodologies for use in humans to understand disease biology in humans” (PETA “Alternative To Animals Testing” pg1 para
Imagine a puppy spending his entire life in a locked cage where he is deprived of food and water, and force-fed chemicals from time to time. This is the life of animals in a laboratory. Live-animal experimentation, also known as vivisection, is not only unethical, but also cruel and unnecessary. In the article “Vivisection is Right, but it is Nasty- and We must be Brave Enough to Admit This”, Michael Hanlon claims vivisection is a moral necessity that without the use of animals in the laboratory, humans would not have modern medicine like antibiotics, analgesic, and cancer drugs (1). For example, Hanlon believes sewing kittens’ eyelids together can aid researchers to study the effects of amblyopia in children (1). Conversely, the use of animals
In modern society, animal experimentation has triggered a controversy; consequently, vast amount of protests have been initiated by the animal rights community. Although these organizations have successfully broadcast their concerns toward animal experimentation, its application continues to survive. Sally Driscoll and Laura Finley inform that there remain fifty million to one-hundred million animals that experience testing or experimentation throughout the world on a yearly basis. But despite opposition, animal experimentation, the use of experiments on animals in order to observe the effects an unknown substance has on living creatures, serves multiple purposes. Those particular purposes are: research of the living body, the testing of products, and the advancement of medicine.
Greece is a country united by its name, but divided by its ways. Although Sparta and Athens were both Greek cities, their societies were different. Sparta was focused on having a perfect military, whereas Athenian daily life revolved learning and knowledge. When Spartan boys were being trained for an army, Athenian boys were being trained for life. Both of these societies revolved around different government, education from when kids to teenagers, the responsibilities each individual had to keep their spot, and how women played a role throughout each city state.
Both Sparta and Athens were Greek city-states. Sparta was a strict military ruled city-state where the people established themselves as a military power early. However Athens was more of a political city-state that was more involved with their economical stature than their military forces. Still changes from the Persian wars would change the powers of the city-state and somewhat unite them.
The geography of Athens and Sparta were very different. Sparta was located on the Peloponnesian Peninsula right by the bank of the Eurotas River. Even though Sparta was close to a river, Athens contained more ports and
Athens’ main concern was the status of the individual person. They believed that education of the mind was what mattered most and that citizens should be allowed to gain knowledge in any field of their choosing and pursue a career in what they’re passionate about. Sparta did not feel the same way, instead they were more concerned about the group as a whole. These mindsets created quite the gap between the two cultures; Athens was about learning and craftsmanship, but Sparta only cared about warfare. Because of these ideas, Athens became a city that valued family life unlike its neighbor who saw procreation as only a means of building a better military of
Athens and Sparta were both city-states in Classical Greece. While Athens embraced democracy, Sparta was a dictatorial fierce warrior state. Sparta was a militaristic community, Athens was a freethinking, and commerce minded city-state. Modern societies have modeled their government organizational structure and military discipline practices from lessons learned of these ancient city-states. There is much is to be praised regarding Classical Greece for their courage, their progressive thinking and the birth of democracy. However, I think it is important to remember that in both cases, Athens and Sparta were able to sustain their lifestyle on the backs of countless slaves, non-citizens and women and that there is a darker and less romantic side to the past.
For years now people have been using animal experimentation to create new ways to help save the human race. There are people who believe that it does help, and that it is necessary to continue, while others oppose and want to fight for the elimination of animal experimentation. Scientists fight for the cures needed to help man kind, but struggle to do so as people fight against their work in progress. But as Jennifer A. Hurley stated, “History has already shown that animal experimentation is not essential to medical progress.” Stuart W.G. Derbyshire believes “The best hopes to treat or cure any number of diseases all rely in the current animal experiments.” Both sides have evidence that can allow both to be proven correct. But there are negative arguments that can prove the other wise. The real question to ask is, Does animal experimentation really help advance medical research?
Sparta and Athens are alike in few ways one was is in there class of social groups. Sparta has citizens first, then neighbors second, and helots at the bottom. As Athens also starts with citizens first, then metics second, and slaves last. Although they differ in the jobs are pretty much the same. They also had overseers/rulers who surved one year terms. Spartas name for them was ephors and Athens name for them was archons. Another thing that they had incommon was the early govenment of Athens which was the "Age of Kings" and the government of Sparta which also had kings.
Athens had become Greece’s strongest city-state by sending troops to different regions of Greece, such as Thebes, and conquering that city. This made city-states such as Thebes, have to send
Peter Singer, an author and philosophy professor, “argues that because animals have nervous systems and can suffer just as much as humans can, it is wrong for humans to use animals for research, food, or clothing” (Singer 17). Do animals have any rights? Is animal experimentation ethical? These are questions many struggle with day in and day out in the ongoing battle surrounding the controversial topic of animal research and testing, known as vivisection. Throughout centuries, medical research has been conducted on animals.
Athens and Sparta were two rivaling city states in Greece. Athens was known for its artists and philosophy while Sparta was known for its military prowess. Athens had a direct democracy which was made up of elected official, a council and an assembly. Sparta had an oligarchy made up of two kings, five overseers, a council and an assembly. In Athens you were either free or a slave, and women basically had no rights. In Sparta there were three social classes and women were more free than anywhere else in Greece. Overall Athens was more focused on having a rich culture full of beauty and art and Sparta was more structured and did everything to better the military. There would be positives and negatives to living in both city states. Athens at
Taken from the only place you've ever known. Away from the only family you have. Kept in crates and cages to be sold. Removed from their home, exotic animals are put in yours for personal amusement.This act is ruinous an inhumane, it violates the basic rights of human and animals. Exotic animals have a rightful place in their natural habitats, not as pets, because they endanger the community, become sick, and their owners abandon them.
The life of both cities was strongly influenced by governmental organization. For instance, because Sparta was military polis and this has strong influence on how they treat infants, children, gender roles, education, merit questions, craftsmanship and military affairs itself. While for Athens 'freedom ' which came with birth of democracy had influence on social life. For instance, rule of wealth dictated the way society organized and how each piece of social life was organized.
From what we understand of Sparta, the agoge was the education. They had no daily lessons and most of their education “was directed towards responsiveness to command, endurance in hardship, and victory in battle” (Rhodes, no. 95 = Plutarch, Lycurgus, 16. vii – 17. vi). Spartan citizens wanted to make sure that their sons got beneficial training so “each man [was not] permitted to rear and train his sons as he wished” (Rhodes, no. 95 = Plutarch, Lycurgus, 16. vii – 17. vi). This way all of the male children were trained properly for battle so that they would grow up to be strong soldiers who were able to fight for Sparta. While education in Sparta was quite military in form, Athenian education was “divided into two parts: gymnastics for the body and music for the soul. For the former