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We can’t ignore the importance of ethics in our society. Ethics are the moral principles necessary for providing equal treatment to minority groups and women; whether it’s in healthcare, a courtroom, or the environment. Environmental justice started when people began to recognize the poor tended to be exposed to a greater share of pollution, hazardous material, and environment degradation than richer people; and that, racial minorities are more likely to be exposed to hazards than whites. This is believed to be a direct result of institutionalized racism and inadequate government policies. Environmental justice involves the fair and equitable treatment of all people with respect to environmental policy and practice, regardless of their income, …show more content…
Within a few months of burying the PCBs, the EPA found significant PCB air emissions at the landfill and half a mile away, but citizens would not learn about this until 1998. Residents were upset about how little was being done to resolve the issue. They turned to Ken Ferruccio, who laid out a 5-Point Framework for resolving the PCB landfill crisis and demanded from the Hunt administration: 1) The state continue to monitor and maintain the PCB landfill; 2) A joint citizen/state committee be formed to mutually address the failures of the PCB landfill; 3) The solution to the failed PCB landfill remains on site; 4) Citizens be given independent scientific representation; and 5) Permanent detoxification of the PCB landfill be the ultimate goal (“Birth”). Governor Hunt agreed to the Framework and the joint Warren County/State PCB Landfill Working Group was formed. For the next decade, citizens attempted to hold the Governor to his promise, and pressed the legislature to fund an on-site, permanent cleanup that would not require dumping the waste on another community. Clean-up of the site would start in 2002 after public bids were taken for detoxifying the site by Shaw Environmental and Infrastructure (Bullard). The EPA did tests on the PCB Landfill in January of 2003, and based on the test results, an interim operations permit was granted in March. The soil treatment would be completed by October 2003; and in total, 81,600 tons of soil was treated from the landfill, being burned in a kiln at 9,000⁰F (“Birth”). The soil which was treated was the soil that was initially alongside the roads and the soil adjacent to it that had been in the landfill and had been cross-contaminated. The equipment at the site was decontaminated
The Lowry Landfill Superfund Site is located in Arapahoe County, Colorado, approximately 2 miles east of Aurora. It consists of approximately 507 acres of waste disposal area and is operated by Waste Management of Colorado, Inc. The land surrounding the site consists of native prairie grass and a wetland located along a local creek. Sections around the site are zoned for agricultural use including cattle grazing and non-irrigated wheat farms. 1 The area is home to numerous endangered species including the bald eagle and peregrine falcon. Due to the large amounts of wastes disposed on the site between 1965 and 1980, it became extremely contaminated with a variety of inorganic and organic contaminants. From 1984 to 1993, the EPA oversaw remedial investigation and feasibility studies that were performed by all responsible parties. Since its listing as a superfund site in 1984, multiple remedial actions have been performed in order to rehabilitate the site. These include clay barrier walls around the site, a groundwater collection system, a soil cover for the main landfill, as well as a landfill gas collection system. Groundwater that is collected on the site is treated at an onsite water treatment facility. In 2007, construction began on an onsite gas to energy plant that utilizes the methane produced by the landfill site. The electricity produced by the plant is enough to power 3000 households. 1 Today, use of land and groundwater on and near the site is still restricted by the state of Colorado.1
Nydia Velazquez is a representative for New York’s Twelfth Congressional District, which includes parts of Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Queens. In her essay “In Search of Justice,” Velazquez describes several unjust situations that happened in her district. She points out that the residents of Greenpoint, which is the heart of her district, are among the poorest in the country. She argues that large corporations carelessly dump their waste next to poor minorities’ living areas and emphasizes the terrible air conditions in her district. Velazquez believes that minority communities are treated unfairly under the environmental law, which targets large corporations.
The Stewarts moved into a neighborhood near the previously established Los Lobos Landfill (“Landfill”). However, the Stewarts noticed an increasingly offensive odor from Landfill supported by the filing of over a thousand odor complaints in 1992. These complaints resulted in City ordering a halt to Landfill’s composting activities in March 1993. This order resulted in Landfill’s composting permits to be withheld until the California Waste Board resolved the issue. Citizens United for Responsible Environmentalism (CURE), begun by the Stewarts, conducted a study that correlated health issues, composting, and Aspergillus fumigatus (fungus) concentration increases. City convened an Advisory Panel (Panel) that determined that Landfill’s composting
“Terms such as environmental racism and environmental justice are used to express the interconnectedness of environmental health, socio-economic conditions and racialized discrimination (OSCE, 2011). This concept originates from the early 1980’s when community concerns about toxic
Writers have always drawn inspiration from real events for their stories. Joyce Carol Oates is now being criticized as unethical for just that. The critics claim that it was not ethical for Oates to use the events that befell John Fiocco Jr. in her story "Landfill", and also for including many similarities between Fiocco and her main character Hector Campos Jr.. Though there are some similarities between the two, the differences were great enough that only some who knew of the Fiocco case. Because of this, Joyce Carol Oates' decision to use Fioccos' death as a fictional basis was ethical.
In summary, I will explore viewpoints on how race influences environmental decision-making, from a variety of perspectives: International sustainable development groups, national legislatures, and minority groups by interviews with representatives at each level.
One of such being the topic of environmental racism. A sometimes muddled phrase, environmental racism refers to policies and practices that discriminate against people of color (AJ+). A phenomenon evolved from colonialism, environmental racism promotes the reality that our planet and its inhabitants are disposable to the protection of the elite. An obvious example being the constant relocation of indigenous peoples in the American continent. Growing up hearing tales of my grandmother’s life on the Rosebud Lakota tribal lands of South Dakota, I have been instilled from a young age with a deep respect and understanding for the sacred bond between a tribe and its land. This precious land constantly suffers use and abuse by government and private institutions. If one attempts to climb the Vatican or even the Salt Lake City temple, law enforcement swiftly intervenes, yet tourists and outdoorsmen explore sacred lands of the indigenous natives every day of the summer for profit. That profit, monetary gain controls the actions of those with the power to protect communities of color. The pursuit of profit snuffs the importance of protecting equality in our capitalist driven country. The prospect of gaining revenue and resources seems to justify the uprooting or infecting of populations. Just last year, despite heavy pushback from the Sioux, my ancestral nation, the Dakota Access Pipeline runs just a half mile
Harmful emissions from the landfills escape into the air we breathe. The soil and water are also contaminated from our
Racism is commonly thought of as an act that is synonymous with violence; however, one common form of racism, environmental racism, often takes place without people being aware the events are happening before detrimental activities have been put into action. In Melissa Checker’s book Polluted Promises, she relates that Reverend Dr. Benjamin F. Chavis Jr. coined the term environmental racism while stating that there is “deliberate targeting of communities of color for toxic waste disposal and the siting of polluting industries” (Checker 14). This problem is important to discuss, as many groups of people around the United States continue to be impacted by these events every day. Such people include
In the United States and internationally, there is a multitude of indicators that the racial environment is changing. Environmental pollution and racism are connected in more ways than one. The world is unconsciously aware of environmental intolerances, yet continues to expose the poor and minorities to physical hazards. Furthermore, sociologist continue to study “whether racial disparities are largely a function of socioeconomic disparities or whether other factors associated with race are also related to the distribution of environmental hazards” (Mohai and Saha 2007: 345). Many of these factors include economic positions, health disparities, social and political affairs, as well as racial inequalities.
It wasn’t until a study called Toxic Waste and Race done by the Church of Christ in 1987 showed that the most significant factor is deciding a location of a hazardous waste facility was racial did the movement gain momentum. While there are many debate on what environmental justice is, most would say the first significant documentation of it was when the Principles of Environmental Justice was written, signed, and sent to DC to be reviewed in the 1990’s. Various community leaders from churches to council members to school teachers came together at the National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit and made a point in showing that the citizens are not happy with how their environment has been handled and the ideals that legislation has come to fruition under. Ideals such as fairness when making policy, responsible use of renewable resources, balanced relations with native americans, use of military force on peoples, and mitigation for victims domestically and abroad are only a few controversial topics they
When we think of environmental justice, we often focus on the ecosystem in which we as humans live, and the natural resources and non-human animals that live there. We tend to think about ethical uses of natural resources, and the effects it has on the non-human animals, such as animal rights, endangerment and extinction, loss of habitat, deforestation, erosion, and pollution. Environmental justice is another factor that is concerned with environmental protection and social justice, including humans into the mix of the complex ecosystem. Environmental justice considers the fair and equal distribution of cost and benefits between humans and the natural world. (1) Environmental justice is also defined as the fair treatment of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income and no particular group should have to bear more than their fair share of the burden of negative environmental consequences from industrial pollution or
* Shirk, Evelyn. “New Dimensions in Ethics: Ethics and the Environment.” Ethics and the Environment. Proc. of Conf. on Ethics and the Environment, April 1985, Long Island University. Ed. Richard E. Hart. Lanham: University Press of America, 1992. 1-10.
The topic of environmental racism was first introduced to me during an Ethnic Lecture Series at UW-Parkside in 2013. Environmental racism is the placement of low-income or minority communities that are affected by hazardous chemicals. Furthermore, people of color are more likely to reside in areas with increased exposure to air, water, and land pollution, hazardous waste treatment facilities, pesticide and chemical exposure, and geographic or residential isolation. I found it very troubling how often this is occurring in the United States. Social justice needs to be available for people living in areas where environmental racism affects their community. The United States needs to make changes in order to protect communities that are being negatively impacted by environmental racism. Environmental racism can be significantly decreased if there is an elimination of residential segregation, structural racism, and installation of regulations.
My vision of a just society, simply put, calls for the awareness of our interconnectedness – mending all relationships, whether it be between each other, the environment, or our definitions of progress. This mutual understanding incites the global solidarity needed to secure a future for everyone. For example, the path to development has only been paved by fossil fuels, therefore it is ignorant and ridiculous to expect third world countries to create renewable and sustainable structural foundations without the help of already developed nations. It cannot be stressed enough that environmental justice is all encompassing. Therefore, it calls on the tactics and understandings of justice from all social movements. Martin Luther King Jr.’s call