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Native American Literature & Film
Parallels of Imperialism and Opression in Avatar
Set on the planet Pandora, Avatar is a science-fiction story of a money-hungry corporation’s attempt to conquer and excavate the land of humanoids known as Na’Vi. Jake Sully is a paraplegic, who is sent to space to complete his deceased brother’s mission because they share the same genome, which is necessary to navigate the expensive avatar that had already been cloned. We learn that the avatar is basically a mind-transporter used to be a part of and learn about the Na’Vi community. During his first expedition in the land of the Na’Vi, Jake gets lost and encounters one of the main female members of the tribe who ends up taking him under her wing and teaches him the ways of a Omaticaya. From here, the movie continues to tell the story of Jake’s dilemma between the mission he started with his people and the allegiance he slowly pledged to the Omaticaya clan. After watching Avatar the day it came out in theaters, I easily decided that it was one of the most extraordinary movies I had ever seen. My opinion may seem invalid coming from an uncultured fourteen-year-old, but even after having recently re-watched the film, I feel this movie and its social commentary are remarkable. There were many aspects to this movie, some controversial, that made the movie exceptional: its new-aged cinematography, disputable portrayal of the indigenous peoples, oddly familiar plotline, and mostly its critique on colonization and civilization. After having watched Avatar for the sixth time, I have come to the conclusion that this film much more intricate than its critics and supporters acknowledge. There are multiple parallels between imperialism and...
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...s Development Administration of the United States dominated Pandora and the Na’Vi.
Altogether, Avatar seems to accurately portray the contemptible history of colonization, exploitation and elimination of indigenous people in The United States of America and numerous other places around the world. Since the 18th century, colonizers from Europe have coerced indigenous peoples like the Omaticaya off their homeland and subjugated them for economic and private benefits. The mentalities that Colonel Miles Quaritch and Parker Selfridge have about the inquisition reflect exactly those of who tyrannized native communities in America and African communities too. Their justifications and propaganda were pulled straight from past oppressors. The movie does not do much to make the history of colonization look bad, as it was ignominious in of itself.
To conclude, there are clearly many ways in which the events of chapter 12 and the movie “Avatar” resemble each other. Not only are there numerous examples of similarities, but there are also numerous examples of differences as well. For instance, the whites tried to remove the Native Americans from their homelands, and the humans tried to remove the Na’vi from their homelands. Although, the whites succeeded whereas the humans did not. In addition, many people died in both cases, however in different ways. These are just a few of the various examples of how the movie “Avatar” and chapter 12 of “Creating America: A History of the United States” by McDougal Littell are each greatly alike and different from the other in several ways.
Throughout time, many people feel as if they have lost their connection to their cultural from outside influences and numerous disruptions. Disruptions to one’s cultural can be seen in the Picture book The Rabbits by john Marsden and Shaun tan which is an an allegory of the invasion of Australia. Another example is the film avatar by James Cameron. The creators of these works are expressing the effect of man on nature and disruption it brings upon the cultural of the indigenous people who are the traditional owners of the land.
Even though at first glance comparing American History to the movie Avatar may seem impossible there are actually many similarities. Although having Native Americans move to the Indian Territory was not a pretty site, it did happen and it is important to be educated on the topic so that as a country we never let it happen again. Also just because Avatar is a fictional work doesn’t mean that it cannot help us better understand our American history. When discussing the two together it is quite evident that there are many similarities and differences.
In the book Bad Indians, Miranda talks about the many issues Indigenous People go through. Miranda talks about the struggles Indigenous people go through; however, she talks about them in the perspective of Native Americans. Many people learn about Indigenous People through classrooms and textbooks, in the perspective of White people. In Bad Indians, Miranda uses different literary devices to show her perspective of the way Indigenous People were treated, the issues that arose from missionization, as well as the violence that followed through such issues. Bad Indians is an excellent example that shows how different history is told in different perspectives.
Although it is assumed that most movies in social studies classes have no relevance to the content area, the movie “Avatar” is viewed in social studies and displays multiple examples of Imperialism, a content area of social studies. In Avatar, humans are colonizing a foreign planet named Pandora without any regard to the indigenous people, the Na’Vi with the sole intentions of obtaining unobtainium, a resource. This is just like how the British colonized foreign countries for their resources, such as Africa. The notion of colonizing other nations to require resources is a part of Imperialism and the movie portrayed it. Also, Colonel Miles Quaritch from Earth talked about how if the Na’Vi didn’t subdue to Earth or cooperate then war against them
The American science fiction film ‘Avatar’, directed by James Cameron is about Jake Sully, a paralysed former marine who becomes an avatar to take his place on a mission on the distant world of Pandora. There, he meets the Na’vi people and gets attached to living in harmony with nature, where he must save their land when being attacked by humans. The story line of Avatar follows closely with ‘The Hero’s Journey’ which focuses on how the main character is experiencing a change from his ordinary world, turning into an avatar to explore a new world. Primarily, Avatar captures a call to adventure to begin the hero’s journey. The film also explores a new approach with crossing the first threshold of the hero’s joinery which is conveyed through a range of cinematic techniques. Furthermore, Sully experiences a major ordeal followed by a reward shown in a variety of dramatic shots.
As a result, both films represent Natives Americans under the point of view of non-Native directors. Despite the fact that they made use of the fabricated stereotypes in their illustrations of the indigenous people, their portrayal was revolutionary in its own times. Each of the films add in their own way a new approach to the representation of indigenous people, their stories unfold partly unlike. These differences make one look at the indigenous not only as one dimensional beings but as multifaceted beings, as Dunbar say, “they are just like us.” This is finally a sense of fairness and respect by the non-native populations to the Native Indians.
[1] Why would a person in 1992 make a historical film about Christopher Columbus’ discovery that completely ignores the then current debates that question whether or not it precipitated genocide? Director Ridley Scott set out to produce the be-all-end-all depiction of Columbus, yet he blatantly neglected to address the most heated issue: Native American genocide. In Scott’s film, the native voice is unheard, their identity is muted, and their culture is disregarded. The quincentennial celebration of Columbus’ voyage triggered a proliferation of literary criticisms addressing the controversy over the traditional Columbus myth. 1492: Conquest of Paradise, however, is silent about these issues. Having full knowledge of this multi-faceted debate, did Scott simply take the easy way out by providing another typical Columbus story? Under the pretense of a historical film, did Scott sacrifice historical truth and intellectual integrity for mass appeal at the box office? In his silence, Scott decides to avoid the genocide debate. Whether or not the discovery of the New World indeed precipitated genocide is still under debate, but it is an important one and should not be ignored. We still have a lot to learn from our heritage and need to address the important issues in order to better learn and evolve. The two strong arguments below represent the two sides of a heated debate that was not represented in the film 1492. They contain harsh truths which aren’t marketable to the American public but are vital to the understanding of the moral implications of cultural conquest.
Anthropology is the study of the development of humankind within their different cultures. When one looks inside a culture, they can see the true aspects and meanings behind a societies behavior and traits. By following the principle that is cultural relativism, one can also determine that no culture truly surpasses another culture, and that each society has key differences that are important to its culture and location. This is a method that can also be seen in many intriguing films from this semester, one in particular being The Emerald Forest. Throughout this essay, this film will be analyzed around one character who greatly represents what it means to truly immerse oneself into a different culture to gain a new perspective, and many key terms in anthropology will be explored through 4 different films from the semester.
Avatar the motion picture throws you into a rich world, with diverse characters who clash over cultural and socio-economic issues. At the heart of the story is a former Marine named Jake Sully, who falls in love while on an alien planet with a woman from a race of people called the Na’vi. The character whom he falls in love with is an alien for which he sacrifices his whole way of life to be with. By way of his experiences with the Na’vi, he begins to adopt a new worldview, which can only be described as Pantheism.
Imperialism is the act of one country overtaking another country. Often, the motive behind this is for resources, as portrayed in Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness. Other times, a country may want to expand their territories, or force their beliefs and customs on another land. This is seen in Francis Ford Coppola's Apocalypse Now. In Apocalypse Now, protagonist Jerry Willard is sent on a confidential mission during the Vietnam War. While voyaging up the river, Willard notices the excessive tactics used by the Americans. America advertised that they went to war with Vietnam to prevent the spread of communism. However, it is obvious that throughout most imperialistic literature the group colonizing natives are the true savages. Considering that this theme is frequent among imperialistic writing, one may assume that imperialism is a violent, unnecessary concept used by brutes with no sense of open-mindedness. One may deduce that America may have had an ulterior motive in attempting to take over Vietnam. In Conrad's Heart of Darkness, imperialism is viewed by Marlow as aggressive and insincere. Marlow often notes that the so-called savages show more restraint than the "civilized" men. In Conrad's novel, the genuine reasoning for pillaging African villages is to rob the land of it's most precious resource, ivory. Though, these pieces are contrasting in style, time period, and reasoning; the two works compliment each other and show the horrors of imperialism through the eyes of someone witnessing it.
So, he follows the rules and does what he is supposed to do. However, the more he gets involved with the avatar project the more he starts to realize his true self and what ultimately makes him happy. This causes him to push the boundaries and look for change. In turn, this shows transformational as well as a charismatic style of leadership. “The Sky People have sent us a message... that they can take whatever they want. That no one can stop them. Well, we will send them a message. You ride out as fast as the wind can carry you. You tell the other clans to come. Tell them Toruk Macto calls to them! You fly now, with me! My brothers! Sisters! And we will show the Sky People... that they cannot take whatever they want! And that this... this is our land!” (imbd, 2009) Jake shows that he is a transformational leader. He has developed a vision along with a view of the future that he wants for himself, as well as the Na’vi tribe. He tells them to follow him and help him take back the land that is rightfully
. Noble Eco-Savage (Avatar) is a stereotype used today that basically describes all indigenous people as being good at caring for our environment, and never doing any harm to it. In the movie Avatar this is very true for the movie Avatar even if it is not so true in our real world. The Navi are very thankful to their environment and waste very little as well. They believe everything is a cycle and even proceed to thank there prey and apologize after they kill it. You see this example in the film when Jake Sully kills his prey and then proceeds to caress it, apologize for killing it, then proceed to tell it why he killed it. This was a huge change for Jake because at the beginning of the movie Jake was about to get attacked by strange creatures and Neytiri killed them. After she killed them she scolded him and said “they did not have to die.” She then proceeded to call him a baby for not understanding why they did not have to die.
A nation formed from the blood of an entire culture. The Revisionist Western Film, Geronimo: An American Legend, (1993) directed by Walter Hill, sheds light on the events that transpired as the Whites migrated and expanded towards the West. The theme of this movie revolves around the oppression and injustices committed on the “inferior” Apache race by the “superior” Whites, and the conflicts that ensued from it. In the face of oppression and injustice, one will go to great lengths to protect and preserve one’s liberty, and likewise, it can also alter the conviction of an outsider.
Throughout Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad a sense of imperialism is present. Imperialism is defined as “acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies”. Through the novel many of the travels Marlow encounters contain imperialist ideas. The whole continent is used as a symbol for this theme. So therefore you can tell that imperialism is just as bad as the disease that many people get from the Congo, they become infected. Which truly begs the question, is it just the Congo that turns us ill, or is there a sense of darkness inside of us lurking around waiting to come out.