Palladio's Influence On Chiswick House

Colen Campbell was chosen as the architect for the banker Henry Hoare I Stourhead house (picture above), a masterpiece that inspiration for dozens of similar houses was across England. At the forefront of the new school of design was the "Count of aristocratic architect" Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington; in 1729, he and William Kent, designed Chiswick House. This House was a reinterpretation of Palladio's Villa Capra, but purified elements of the 16th century and ornament. This severe lack of ornamentation should be a feature of Palladianism.

In 1734 William Kent and Lord Burlington designed one of the finest examples of England Palladian architecture with Holkham Hall in Norfolk. The main block of the house followed Palladio completely dictates closely, but Palladio low, often separate wings of farm buildings rose in meaning. Kent tied them to design, banished the farm animals and raised wings almost as important as the house itself. These wings are often embellished by porticos and pediments; often seem, as in the much later Kedleston Hall, small cottages in its own right. It was the development of wings that line that should make English Palladianism evolved from being a pastiche of the original

work of Palladio.

Architectural styles evolve and change to meet the requirements of each individual client. When in 1746 the Duke of Bedford decided to rebuild Woburn Abbey (Image 2), he chose the Palladian style for design as this was the most fashionable now the era. He selected architect Henry Flitcroft, a protege of Burlington. Flitcroft's designs, while Palladian in nature, would not be recognized by Palladio himself. The central block is small, only three bays, the resemblance to a temple porch just suggested, and close. Two large wings that surround and contain a large suite of state rooms replace the walls or colonnades that should have united with farm buildings; the farm buildings terminating the structure are elevated in height to match the central block and given Palladian windows, to ensure that they see from the Palladian design. This development style was repeated in countless homes and municipalities in Britain over a hundred years. Falling from favor during the Victorian era was revived by Sir Aston Webb for his new backing Buckingham Palace in 1913. Often the blocks would end up blind porticos and pilasters themselves, competing for attention with, or complementing the central block. This is all far removed from the designs of Palladio two hundred years before.

The English Palladian houses were now no reverse gears weekend small but exquisite which their Italian counterparts were conceived. They were no longer villas but "power houses" in the term of Mr. John Summerson, symbolic power centers of Liberal "squirearchy" that ruled Britain. As the Palladian style swept Britain, all thoughts of mathematical proportion were scanned. Instead of square houses with the support of wings, these buildings had the length of the facade as the main consideration; long houses often only one quarter were deeply deliberately misleading in giving a false impression of size.

Irish Palladianism
During the Palladian revival in Ireland, until quite modest mansions were cast in a neo-Palladian mold. Palladian architecture in Ireland subtly differs from that in England. Adhering as in other countries to the basic ideals of Palladio often is true for them - perhaps because it was often designed by architects who had come directly from continental Europe, and therefore were not under the influence of developments Palladianism he submitted in Britain. Whatever the reason, Palladianism still had to adapt to the wetter, colder weather.

One of the most pioneering Irish architects was Sir Edward Lovett Pearce (1699-1733), who became one of the leading lawyers of Palladianism in Ireland. A cousin of Sir John Vanbrugh, was originally one of his students, but reject the Baroque, spent three years studying architecture in France and Italy, before returning home to Ireland. His most important Palladian work is the former Irish Houses of Parliament in Dublin. He was a prolific architect who also designed the south facade of Drumcondra House in 1727 and Cashel Palace in 1728.

One of the most striking examples of Palladianism in Ireland is the House of Castletown (Image 3), near Dublin. Designed by Italian architect Alessandro Galilei (1691-1737), is perhaps the only Palladian house in Ireland to have been built with mathematical proportions of Palladio and one of the three Irish big houses who claim to have inspired the design of the White House in Washington. Other examples include Russborough, designed by Richard Cassels, an architect of German origin, who also designed the Palladian Rotunda Hospital in Dublin and Florence Court, County Fermanagh. The Field Irish Palladian houses often have robust Rococo plasterwork, often run by brothers Lafranchini, an Irish specialty, which is much more extravagant than the interiors of their contemporaries in England. Both Dublin was built in the 18th century that put a Georgian stamp on the city; however coming from poor planning and poverty, until recently Dublin was one of the few cities where accommodation fine 18th century could be seen in the ruinous condition. Elsewhere in Ireland after 1922, lead was removed from the roofs of houses uninhabited Palladian for its value as the pinch, with houses often abandoned due to excessive price based tax roof. Some homeless Palladian houses can still be found in the depopulated Irish countryside.

American Palladianism
The influence of Palladio in America is evident almost from the beginning of the building designed by architects there although the Anglo-Irish philosopher George Berkeley may have been Palladian pioneer America.

Acquiring a large farmhouse in Middletown, near Newport in the late 1720s, Berkeley folded "Whitehall" and improved with Palladian doorcase taken from William Kent Designs of Inigo Jones, which may have brought with him from London; Palladio's work was included in the library of a thousand volumes accumulated in order and sent to Yale College. In 1749 Peter Harrison adopted the design of the Redwood Library in Newport, Rhode Island, more directly Quattro Libri Palladio, while the Brick Market, also in Newport, a decade later is also Palladian

conception.

The Hammond-Harwood House in Annapolis, Maryland (Image 4) is an example of Palladian architecture in the United States. It is the only existing work of academic colonial architecture that was designed primarily a dish Quattro Libri of Andrea Palladio. The house was designed by architect William Buckland in 1773-74 for the rich farmer Matthias Hammond of Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It was modeled on the design of the Villa Pisani at Montagnana, Italy in Book II, Chapter XIV of me Quattro Libri dell'Achitettura.

The politician and architect Thomas Jefferson once referred to Quattro Libri Palladio as their Bible. Jefferson acquired an intense appreciation of Palladio architectural concepts and designs for your own beloved Monticello, the estate of James Barbour Barboursville, Virginia State Congress, and the