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Unit 18 Assignment 2 – Physiological and Psychological Response to Injury
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There's only pain, all encompassing pain radiating in crashing waves that threaten to drown me with every breath. Occasionally there's something else something, warm maybe, but it never lasts long before the pain rears its head and everything goes black again. I can hear muffled sounds, running or panicked dragging perhaps but nothing more than that. The one thing I'm vividly aware of is being laid down on a hard surface with someone calling me. I try to open my eyes but the pain is overwhelming, suddenly pain explodes from my cheek and I instinctively open my eyes. It's Mia she's standing over me with sweat dripping down her face mixing with the blood smears on her forehead as they make their rapid decent earthward. I can't concentrate as …show more content…
the pain comes in excruciating waves that knock the air from my lungs before I can take a breath now that I'm awake. Grabbing my side I writhe and groan pleading for the pain to stop as I try to pull air into my lungs, only managing to pull in short quivering breaths that threaten to suffocate me each shallower than the last. "Oh thank god you're not dead," Mia sighs from next to me as I try futilely to make the pain, if not stop, lessen with tears brimming in my eyes. "I need you to stop moving," Mia commands as she holds my arms down.
Tears now streaming down my face I manage to nod. With trembling hands I grab fistfuls of my shirt, grit my teeth and manage to stop rocking my body. Sweat begins to form on my brow within a few seconds, I can't keep this up for much longer. "This isn't going to be fun, that asshole shot you, but it was only a graze. Unlucky for you the bullet got lodged in your side. I don't have much but I have enough to get the job done," she sighs remorsefully. "J-just make the pain stop please," I beg through clenched teeth balling my fists tighter, trying to control myself. Mia nods and brings a bag into my view, pulling out a scalpel and a few other items before turning towards me. The gravity of the situation finally hits me, she's going to cut into me with nothing but a scalpel. My stomach is tying itself into knots and before I can do anything about it I find myself vomiting on the ground. Mia sighs before coming over to me and lifting the bit of my shirt that isn't clenched tightly in my fists. "Oh no," she mutters inspecting my wound. At her touch an agonizing pain flares and I can't help but groan in discomfort. Why should I even trust that she knows what she's
doing? "Open," she commands holding a balled up rag. I open my mouth slightly and Mia manages to get the rag in. "This isn't going to be fun," I hear Mia mutter before the pain in my side becomes unbearable and I scream. I can't- I just need it to stop. I can feel every movement she makes as the sharp steel of the scalpel cuts scorching lines of agony into my side. I arch my back wanting no- needing this to be over, needing this torture to stop, for there to be something other than pain in every part of my body. I dig my nails deep into my palms as scream after scream erupts from my being. Warmth seeps through my fingers as the blissfulness of unconsciousness claims me once again. Again there is nothing but pain, more of a sharp throbbing pain this time, but pain none the less. My surroundings are more defined this time around as I can distinctly feel the hard concrete that is pressing into my back and head. The warm blood that was seeping through my fingers has been replaced with a rough covering thats been tied tightly. I shiver as a gust of humid wind rushes over me. I take a deep breath, the overpowering smell of must and burnt wood suffocates and clogs my lungs with it's pungent, almost tastable, odor. Before I know it the now familiar pull of unconsciousness claims me once again as my surroundings become blurred and disconnected. This time I'm woken by the pleasant feeling of warmth on my forehead. I shiver, goosebumps forming along my arms and legs as the source of the heat is removed from my forehead. A small displeased whimper escapes from my raw throat, I'm so cold. Why is it so cold? I don't remember it being this frigid in the bunker. Before I can think any further a light pressure falls over me. "A blanket," I think as I clutch it close to my chest Savoring the warmth it brings. I hear something, a sigh maybe, but it's not long before I slip into unconsciousness and every sensation fades away again.
Phantom pain refers to the phenomenal experience of pain in a body part that has been amputated or deafferented (Flor, Nikolajsen & Jensen, 2006). The characteristics of phantom pain have been described to occur in quick and sudden attacks of pain shooting up and down the amputated limb as well as cases of constant, excruciating pain whilst intensely perceiving the amputated limb to be cramped or postured abnormally (Katz, 1992). Approximately eighty percent of amputees report suffering from or at least experiencing some level of phantom pain post amputation; therefore it is a prominent issue (Flor, Nikolajsen & Jensen, 2006). Phantom pain is neuropathic pain that has no individual trigger but instead a plethora of psychobiological aspects of neuroplasticity that contribute to the cause of phantom pain (Grusser, Diers & Flor, 2003). The following will: outline the role of the peripheral and central factors associated with phantom pain and discuss the cortical reorganisation of the somatosensory cortex in relation to phantom pain.
Pain is a universal element of the human experience. Everyone, at some point in their lives, experiences pain in one form or another. Pain has numerous causes, effects, and is itself a highly complex biological phenomenon. It also carries with it important emotional and social concerns. Pain cannot be entirely understood within the context of any one field of scientific inquiry. Indeed, it must be examined across a range of disciplines, and furthermore considered in relation to important non-scientific influences, such as emotional responses and social determinants. I conducted my explorations regarding pain with the following question in mind: to what degree is pain subjective? I found several avenues of inquiry to be useful in my explorations: they are (1) the expanding specialty in the medical profession of pain management; (2) pain in individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) and (3) pain experiences of children. Examining these issues led to the conclusion that pain is in fact a highly subjective phenomenon.
“I can’t handle the pain anymore,” I cried again, “we need to go to the
He yanked to one side, and then the other, bringing out the tears. I squeezed my mom’s hand as it continued. I struggled and moaned but it wouldn't stop. I cried like a maniac for the pain to stop.
The voices in my head become a swelling crescendo. I forcefully grab my head in between my hands as the words echo through my skull. Pain pulsates with every word. I squeeze my temples hard with my palms but the pain is unbearable. Clawing at my face, a scream rips through me; sapping every last drop of energy in my body. Like a rag doll, I collapse onto the cold concrete floor as a growing darkness overcomes me.
In a pain assessment, the pain is always subjective, in a verbal patient; pain is what the patient says that it is. Nurses must be able to recognize non verbal signs of pain such as elevated pulse, elevated blood pressure, grimacing, rocking, guarding, all of which are signs of pain (Jensen, 2011). A patient’s ethnicity may have a major influence on their meaning of pain and how it is evaluated and responded to behaviorally as well as emotionally (Campbell, & Edwards 2012). A patient may not feel that their pain is acceptable and they do not want to show that they are in pain. For some people, showing pain indicates that they are weak. Other patients will hide their pain as they do not want to be seen as a bother or be seen as a difficult patient.
Through experiencing or living with pain, insight, knowledge and understanding can be presented to those things that may not have been in realization in a pain free life. Because of pain, the true meaning of life, what it is like to live, and the value of oneself and others is to be within one’s control. Pain strengthens the body, mind, and the spirit. As stated in Virginia Woolf’s essay on Being Ill, the true beauty of the people and the real beauty of the earth can be seen through the eyes of those who are in pain. Also according to Woolf, pain can lead to spiritual divinity. From my understanding, the power of prayer to some people is not in belief until pain has overtaken the body of oneself or of a loved one. Pain seems to open the eyes of those who have not lived correctly.
I slid her sleeve up to check her pulse. I stopped. She had thin slices all up and down her arms. I remember when she told me she would never harm herself, she swore she would never cause herself to bleed, she told me she was afraid of knives and blades. Obviously she had overcome that fear. I placed my first two fingers on her wrist and checked for something, anything, but there was nothing. I remember picking her up in my arms, she was limp, and holding her crying “No, no, no. This is all my fault. I love you.” The next thing I remember is seeing a paramedic show up and pry me off of her lifeless body and haling her
...rt. I could taste real blood leaking out of my mouth. A bolt of lightning jolted every nerve within me and an aggravating pain caused me to collapse. I was shaking and by eyes bulged out as a sharp pain forced its way through every nerve and vessel in my body. My brain was closing; I knew this was the end. My intestines felt as though they were being ripped into thin strips and blood was gushing out of me like a fountain. My ribs were being crushed into powder and a cold air entered my half open body freezing every part of me, every cell, and every drop of blood. I was iced until I suddenly froze. My eyes were still open and I could still see a little. They went. They disappeared. They ran like the wind, rushed like the waves and vanished into thin air.
What does pain mean to you? Pain is a tense feeling that tells you something may be wrong. There’s physical pain- acute and or chronic, emotional pain, and also a phrase known as “pain in the ass”- which is where something or someone is being annoying and or troublesome.
When we’re born we gave pain to our mother’s womb; when we wake up in the middle of the night hungry we cause our parent’s pain. When we try to walk we cause ourselves pain; when we don’ learn how to listen before we speak we cause ourselves pain, when we don’t learn how to question everything we were taught we cause ourselves pain. When we drink soda, and eat fast food we cause ourselves pain. When we don’t learn from other’s mistakes and do better we cause ourselves pain; when we let anger and jealousy control us we cause our mind’s pain. When we hold grudges we cause ourselves pain; when you’ve lived 40 years of your life and you still react to problems the same way a child does you cause yourself pain.
I stared in horror at the fearsome needle taunting me to challenge its glinting tip. I closed my eyes, prayed with every cell in my body for the pain to be minimal, and grimaced as she expertly twirled the needle between her fingers and then slid it through my flesh in one fluid motion.
"There is much pain that is quite noiseless; and that make human agonies are often a mere whisper in the of hurrying existence. There are glances of hatred that stab and raise no cry of murder; robberies that leave man of woman for ever beggared of peace and joy, yet kept secret by the sufferer-committed to no sound except that of low moans in the night, seen in no writing except that made on the face by the slow months of suppressed anguish and early morning tears. Many an inherited sorrow that has marred a life has been breathed into no human ear." George Eliot (1819-80), English novelist,editor. Felis Holt, the Radical, Introduction (1866).What is pain? In the American Heritage Dictionary, pain is referred to as "an unpleasant sensation occurring in varying degrees of severity as a consequence of injury, disease, or emotional disorder." The word is rooted in Middle English, from an Old French piene, from Latin poena, meaning "penalty or pain", and from Greek pointe, meaning "penalty." Pain is a very realistic problem that many individuals face daily.
Something new and awkward was happening to me taking all my attention. Nevertheless, I tried hard to comfort myself by forcing in a simple sense that it will be all right. But, I couldn’t resist the undeniable feeling of my universe squeezing too much. A feeling that went for so long that I couldn’t remember what came before. A dreadful feeling that was continuously fed with an alarming wish to escape consuming my resistance and leaving me completely exhausted. I didn’t want to surrender, in a final attempt I kicked my legs out straight but nothing happened. I tried to stretch out, to escape to make the suffering stop and merge again with the universe I used to know.“Please stop!”, I closed my eyes firmly yet no sound came out. My mouth was firmly glued by thick layers of mud.… I had no choice but finally relenting.
I wake up in this room. My mother is to my left crying with her face in the palms of her hands. My dad, he paces the floor with his hands in his pockets. I am scared I can barely remember what has transpired. As my mother stands and looks at me square in the eyes, the nurse comes and says with a grin on her radiant face “Hello, Mr. Howard. How are you feeling?” I attempt to sit up, but my body is aching. My dad hurries over to help, but it was no use the pain was overbearing. I began to weep and apologize. My dad with a stern look on his face says, “Andra, you are fine now just relax”. How could I relax? I am stuck in this room with no memory of what happened.