Osmolarity Lab Report

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The purpose of this experiment was to gain a general understanding of osmosis, osmolarity, and tonicity and to further investigate the effects that specific solutes, such as NaCl, had on the structure and physiology of red blood cells. The first portion of the experiment consisted of the dilution of stock blood solution suspended in isotonic, or 0.9%, saline solution. As the blood stock solution was diluted, the number of blood cells greatly decreased when viewed under the microscope (Figures 1 and 2). This decrease in cell number and disfigurement of cell morphology can be attributed to the increase of the dilution factors. In other words, as the dilution factor increased, the number of cells on the each test tube drastically decreased, resulting …show more content…

The blood cells suspended in an isotonic saline solution did not change in shape because the solute concentration within the blood cell was equal to that of the saline solution. A 3.0% NaCl solution yielded a hypertonic environment, indicating that there was a higher concentration of solutes outside the blood cell than inside of the cell thus causing cells to shrink as the water exited the cell (Table ). Quite oppositely, the cells that were suspended into a 0.2% saline solution swelled up and ultimately lysed (Table 1). This mixture was classified as hypotonic given that its solute concentration was lower than that of the cell, causing water to move into the cell. This solution was transparent after roughly 20 seconds, further validating that hemolysis had taken place. The isotonic and hypertonic solutions resulted in a turbid appearance, indicating no hemolysis (Meiselman et al. …show more content…

As time progressed, cell mobility became increasingly stagnant. After 30 minutes, it was observed that some cells had shrunk while others had lysed (Table 3). Hemolysis of the cells was not surprising since red blood cells are particularly sensitive to NH4Cl. This is due to the fact that NH4Cl, while a large molecule, can dissociate into an NH3+ and Cl- (Phillips et al. 1983). NH3 is then able to cross into the membrane of RBCs, thus causing a transmembrane exchange between Cl- and HCO3-, thus leading to the lysis of the cell (Hemker et al.

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