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Latin American Culture literature
Latin American Culture literature
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“Men are not indispensable. But Trujillo is irreplaceable. For Trujillo is not a man. His is…a cosmic force…Those who try to compare him to his ordinary contemporaries are mistaken. He belongs to…the category of those born to a special destiny“(5,204).The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao is a dictatorial novel that demonstrates the effects of the famous dictator, Trujillo. Readers enter into the frightening life of a Dominican family through the darkest areas of a country under dictatorial control of Trujillo. Our narrator even blames John F. Kennedy's assassination on Trujillo. The latter was raping women such as his comrades' wives and their daughters and this sense of violent is considered a masculine definition throughout the novel ; while …show more content…
it works as a person under a dictatorship to comply to the norms applied, it does not work for Oscar de Leon, who is one of the main characters of the story not under a dictatorship, yet still has to comply to the presence or even absence of the dictator. Oscar de Leon is a 245 pounds young guy, has no ear for music, can hardly dance, loves comic books and fantasy novels. As Yunior (the author) says: Dude wore his nerdiness like a Jedi wore his light saber or a Lensman her lens. Couldn't have passed for Normal if he'd wanted to. (2,21) There is a struggle between the American Identity and the Dominican identity that is personified in Oscar life. Oscar believes that ”fuku” which is a curse passing down through several generations for his family. Fuku hovers over the entire novel.
Oscar blames fuku for his inability to find true love; although at the end the letter shows us how fuku was overtaken by the power of love. The famous fuku was brought over to the islands of Antilles when the Europeans came, and has stayed ever since. The only known way to counteract a fukú is to use the term “zafa” to ward off the curse. A zafa is something like a good luck charm or a powerful counterspell against evil. Characters lives are overflowing with injustices, violence and love. Sex, masculinity, female sexuality are major themes in the story. Some examples of fuku in the story of the family of Oscar are his struggles to lose his virginity, to lose weight, constant fighting between Beli and Lola(mother and daughter), Beli's bad luck with guy and dating, and Oscar and Beli being near death…One perfect example of the zafa is the mongoose which saves Oscar twice and Beli once; it acts as a sort of guardian angel. "This time Oscar didnt cry when they drove him back to the cane fields. Zafa would be here soon, and the cane had grown well and thick and in places you could hear the stalks clacking against each other like triffids and you could hear kriyol voices lost in the night" (8,320).This quote demonstrates us that now he believed that the mongoose being the zafa will save him with the help of Cliggs, the …show more content…
taxidriver. Beli is a strict mother that raises her children Oscar and Beli through the same steely way that she was raised and expects the same from them. She has passed through several hard tests throughout her life, battling cancer and working two jobs. She was so strict that Beli quitted her at a young age. Then, she is raised by La Inca which is their abuela(grandmother) but in reality is their great-aunt. The latter wanted Lola to study hard in school but Lola rules at DE LEON restaurant. She snaps at Lola but doesn’t beat her and prays for her with perfect conviction. The relationship between Yunior and Lola is pure love but Yunior's repeated infidelity, and his inability to accept that doesn’t make their relationship work. As per the author who identifies himself in the fourth paragraph in order to build tension, a typical Dominican man is somebody having multiple sexual partners and is violent toward those partners. He's also tangled up with the main characters although being a stranger.Oscar, on the other side is completely lost in Ybon and willing to do anything for her, even getting himself killed. Ybon is a prostitute who find it difficult to accept Oscar's love, and she does minimum but at the same time, she is attracted to love and adoration that he offers. Even that he got what he wanted, it's this love that leads to his death. Oscar shows the kind of faithfulness to Ybon that Yunior is not able to offer Lola. DR Abelard has a mistress, is very wealthy and brilliant man who never wanted trouble and for a long while, goes along with Trujillo's wishes till Trujillo goes after his own daughter. In this novel, there is the aspect of past and present as both Belicia and Lola childhood are explained.
Both are portrayed as sexually desirable in the novel; their sexuality is a form of power for them. For Belicia, the power is emphasized by her immense breasts. She realized she could control men with her sexuality. Lola’s legs and hips are the source of her power. :She can reportedly stop traffic when she wears shorts: Lola recognizes her power and uses it for seeking to escape. Love, being the driving force throughout the novel and violence are two big themes. Oscar relishes the beauty of love despite all of the violence. He experiences it when he loves Ybón, and Abelard experiences it when he protects his daughter. Lola has a different experience of love and violence. One example when her mother fakes and cry and then says to Lola "Ya te tengo [I have you now]"(2,70).This action shows cunningest from Belicia and emotions from Lola. The method of parenting can also be considered as both good and bad. If Belicia didn’t treat her daughter like that, she could have become a lazy, good for nothing woman but the steely way that she was brought up made her become more than a man. La Inca repeatedly reminds Beli of her illustrious family history: "Remember, your father was a doctor, a doctor, and your mother was a nurse, a nurse". Faith also plays a great part in the novel; the way that she prays for Lola is worth mentioning in chapter (3,152).The implantation of Spanish
language help the readers connect more with the characters, it keeps the story more realistic and keeps the story original. The novel, The Brief Wondrous LIfe of Oscar Wao, written by Junot Diaz, plays around the character's beliefs of the idea that their lives are completely controlled by the Fuku curse. Oscar is the character that undergoes the most number of conflicts of Fuku and Zafa. The characters believe Trujillo is the stem of the curse; however, without the curse, all events would be different. For example, if Oscar had died when he tried to commit suicide, he would never lose his virginity. Despite all of the suffering, Díaz confirms that love won over hatred via the letter. Oscar finally gained the "little intimacies" of life. Overall, the characters allow Fuku to control their lives, but as long as Fuku is present, so is Zafa ( mongoose who La Inca describes as God).
It is influential to have strong people who want to fight for their rights. It is often easy to focus on oppression than it is to change it. It takes courage to be able to go against the rules of law. In both “In The Time Of The Butterflies” and “The Censors” , Juan and the Mariposas not only reveal their courage, but also develop significant symbols to the roles of each one of them during their time overcoming oppression. The Mirabal’s behavior towards their determination to fight for freedom, symbolizes the hope for freedom. The Dominicans were blessed to have four courageous women who went against the law in order to better their country for all. In the other hand, Juan role to overcome oppression resulted in his death and death to many innocent people. His behavior symbolize distrust, one cannot trust anyone, not even yourself. He was so caught up with his job, doing what he believed was right, he ended up censoring
Doña Guadalupe is a woman of great strength and power, power and strength which she draws from her devout faith and her deep and loving compassion for her family, and power and strength which is passed down to her children. “‘Well, then, come in,’ she said, deciding that she could be handle this innocent-girl-stealing coyote inside. On going into the long tent, Salvador felt like he’d entered the web of a spider, the old woman was eyeing him so deliberately” (360). Doña Guadalupe is a very protective woman, which is extremely speculative when it comes to her children, this is especially true when it comes to boys, because she has not gone this far only for all of her hard work to be ruined by a no good boy. This shows how protective she is, she loves her family, and especially her kids so much that they themselves must pass her test before being able to pass on to her children. “The newborns were moving, squirming, reaching out for life. It was truly a sign from God” (58). Doña Guadalupe is also a very devout and faithful person. She sees God in everything and in everyone and by that fact, what she sees and who she sees is true, and she tries to be a model of clairvoyance for the family. “Doña Guadalupe put the baby’s little feet in a bowel of warm water, and the child clinging to his mother. He never cried, listening to her heartbeat, the same music that he’d heard from inside the womb” (57). Finally, Doña Guadalupe is very passionate which allows for a great model upon which her children follow. This further shows how she is clearly th...
In the early 1930’s, the Dominican Republic elected a new president by the name of Rafael Trujillo. Rafael Trujillo was a ruthless and selfish dictator even before he won the election. To win the election, he used his connections to kill supporters of the opposing candidates. Rafael Trujillo used his powers to oppress and murder masses of people (2 ”Rafael Trujillo”). Even though he was initially seen as a beneficial leader, Rafael Trujillo was proven to be an evil dictator.
They both admire her mother’s beauty. Her grandmother begins to reveal certain aspects from her mother’s past and the nagging feelings gets stronger. La Inca explains to her that she is very similar to her mother. She tells her about why she had to send her mother to New York; she also had fallen in love with the wrong man. At the end of this story, we see Lola go through this internal change. I think the author did this to show that maybe Lola couldn’t understand her mother because there were many things about her she didn’t know and that their story was so very similar. We don’t get to see anymore of the conversation; therefore, we don’t see if this revelation serves a purpose, but I would like to believe it
With the relationship between Beli and La Inca, it would have been easy to write the relationship without any major issues. La Inca saved Beli from a terrible life and provided her with every resource Beli needed to succeed. Even with the cards in their favor, they still had a rocky relationship. Beli disobeyed La Inca often, especially when it came to boys, and really put a damper on their relationship. With all of the complexity that came with their relationship, it was obvious that she still loved her mother because she sent her children to spend time with La Inca, know that La Inca would help them in all the ways that La Inca helped Beli. The trials that Beli faced with La Inca bled into her relationship with Lola. Lola turned out to be very similar to Beli, falling in love with a guys who was not good for her and disobeying her mother. Their issues stemmed from the differences in where they were raised and the time in which they were raised. Beli was raised in the Dominican Republic in a time that was very difficult. Beli’s history of abuse combined with being raised in the DR, prevented her from being the mother Lola wanted. Junot Diaz used the struggles caused by history and culture to write complex mother/daughter
If you’re not careful or if you do something bad the Fukú curse will get you. That is one of the major themes in Junot Diaz is novel, “The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao”. The book title suggests that this is a story about man named Oscar Wao, but really the book is about three generations of Oscar’s family, and struggles’ and heartbreak each generation suffers at the hands of the Fukú curse. Oscar’s family originates from the Caribbean nation of Dominican Republic. In the book, Diaz weaves his fictional story with real life people and historic events. A major real person mention though out the book is the former president of Dominican Republic, Rafael Trujillo. In the story Diaz, describes how each generations of Oscar’s family have been
In The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao family is a strong aspect that influences the characters decisions and actions. Oscar is the main character who majority of the book follows through his short life. His sister is Lola, who parts of the book also follow in order to gain access into their family story. Beli is his mother, who is a feared and respected woman in their community. The narrator and boyfriend of Lola is Yunior. He meets Oscar in college and lives with him. La Inca is Beli’s mother, she adopted Beli at the age of nine and raised her as her own. The Gangster is a man Beli meets and falls in love with at an early age. He causes trouble in her life from her family and his own family that he never said he had.
Love and Violence The Brief and Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, by Junot Diaz covers the issue of Love and Violence thoroughly throughout the book, and shows how anger and love influence the impulsive and reckless decisions the characters make. Searching for Zion, by Emily Raboteau on the other hand, shows that love comes in different forms and may be easily misunderstood. Abelard, Belicia, Lola, and Emily show love can be a devastating force if not handled carefully and, can be very dangerous. As others commonly have, Oscar confuses passion or lust with love, which in many ways can be critical when conveyed in violence.
Rather, it criticizes this culture through its portrayal of women. The narrative is focused on a male and is told by a male, which reflects the male-centered society it is set in. However, when we compare how the narrator views these women to who they really are, the discrepancies act as a critique on the Dominican culture. Yunior, who represents the typical Dominican male, sees women as objects, conquests, when in fact their actions show their resistance to be categorized as such. Beli, whose childhood was filled with male domination by Trujillo and the family she worked for, attempts to gain power through sexuality, the avenue the culture pushes women toward. This backfires, creating a critique of the limited opportunities available for women. La Inca portrays a different side to this, working quietly but in ways that are not socially acceptable through self-employment. Society attempts to cage these women, but they continue to fight against it. Diaz, in an interview, quoted James Baldwin, stating, “Not everything that is faced can be changed, but nothing can be changed until it is faced" (Fassler). He exhibits the misogyny in the system but does not support it, rather critiques it through strong female characters. By drawing attention to the problem, the novel advocates for change. Diaz writes, at the end of part 1, “Nothing more exhilarating… than saving yourself by the simple act of waking”
Demetria Martínez’s Mother Tongue is divided into five sections and an epilogue. The first three parts of the text present Mary/ María’s, the narrator, recollection of the time when she was nineteen and met José Luis, a refuge from El Salvador, for the first time. The forth and fifth parts, chronologically, go back to her tragic experience when she was seven years old and then her trip to El Salvador with her son, the fruit of her romance with José Luis, twenty years after she met José Luis. And finally the epilogue consists a letter from José Luis to Mary/ María after her trip to El Salvador. The essay traces the development of Mother Tongue’s principal protagonists, María/ Mary. With a close reading of the text, I argue how the forth chapter, namely the domestic abuse scene, functions as a pivotal point in the Mother Tongue as it helps her to define herself.
Trujillo use of violence and challenge of political authority demonstrated that from the very beginning he created an insurgency regime within his military ranks that oppressed his country. Which 30 years later, his own military generals and freedom fighters will be the very ones to end his reign. To this very day, some of the Dominican people whether living in the United States or Dominican Republic are hesitate to talk about it, but are glad that it is in the past and
Without the force of love, conflict would cease to exist in The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao. Love specifically seems to be the foundation for misfortune to occur because of how obsessed characters become with reaching for what they cannot have. Unfortunately, love or even lust at times seems to drive the plot and lead to action, most of which are disastrous. It all began with Abelard when he tried to save his daughter Jacquelyn from the wrath of Trujillo and ended up dying anyway. The theme of calamity continues nearly fifteen years later when Belicia throws away family and friends over a man. The man she loved, The Gangster, turned out to be married into the almighty Trujillo family and well, that doesn’t end so well for Beli since she
In the The Brief and Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao by Junot Diaz, fukú and zafa are forces depicted as interconnected opposites of each other: fukú is represented as the evils of colonization, and zafa is depicted as the counterspell to fukú. When fukú is first introduced in the book, it is not mentioned without zafa. Throughout the book, fukú is depicted as a faceless man, and zafa is depicted as a golden mongoose. Zafa predates fukú, and continues keeping the de León family safe from harm, whether the family is endangered by the Trujillo regime or not. While at first the novel seems to show them as interconnected forces, the details provided throughout the novel allude to the idea that zafa (good) is more powerful than fukú (evil).
Beli’s impulses allow her to ignore the fact that falling atomically in love with the Gangster, a man she meets in a luxurious nightclub, is wrong. In a world where no one gives her such feeling, the Gangster makes Beli feel beautiful. But, the Gangster is a pimp and exploits women, which shows the degradation of women such as Beli. The Trujillo system in the Dominican Republic, under which the Cabaral’s are associated with, exploits women and the Gangster, just like Trujillo did exactly that. This path of life that Beli embarks on is the wrong choice because it is plagued with the fukú. She sees the Gangster as an escape out of her current life because he is extremely rich. The Gangster promises her a house in Miami with as many bedrooms as she wants. Beli is naïve and does not realize that the Gangster cannot help her escape her life that she is unhappy with. Instead all the Gangster can bring to Beli is bad luck. The Gangster ends up being married to Trujillo’s sister, who is extremely cruel and lives up to the name of Trujillo. The Gangster’s wife has Beli beaten until she almost dies. Beli is vulnerable because the Gangster has power over her; she truly believes that he is an escape from her Dominican world. All along La Inca sees otherwise and tells Beli that she is crazy. La Inca also implies that a man cannot save her, but Beli continues to make
The books Kindred by Octavia Butler and The Brief and Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao by Junot Díaz depict the violent aspects within their respective cultures. The violence shown in these novels are intricately biased based on the connection to the gender, race, and cultural norms of the narrator. Butler writes Kindred from the narration of an African American woman in California who travels back to the antebellum south in the early 19th century. Díaz writes from the perspective of a Dominican man, Yunior, who is a traditional stereotype of the Dominican man. Writing from this viewpoint suggests the misogyny and structural violence are culturally embedded in the lives of Dominicans. Although both novels recognize domestic violence as culturally