“Reality leaves a lot to the imagination.” - John Lennon. Reality can be nearly altered by imagination, yet in the end reality always wins. Mood, tone, and theme are three strong components that are used to create the shifting idea of reality in the short story “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge” written by Ambrose Bierce. The literary devices of mood, tone, and theme are created through a selection of phrases, descriptive words, and events that are made to appear to occur over time throughout the story. However, the reader realizes that there is a difference between the actual “Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge” and what happens only in the protagonist's imagination. The author uses shifting melancholic moods, and sarcastic tones to draw the …show more content…
This makes mood one of the greatest aspects of a story, because in literature, mood is the emotional feeling that is created in the reader. The author can also alter the mood in their own way with the use of diction and tone. Mood is created in the story with the use of negative, positive, and any other attitude words. In the beginning of the story, Bierce writes with a third person view of the scene that is occurring. He provides minimal detail of any emotion of the characters, except to comment on the absence of emotion to put emphasis on it. “Staring stonily”, “motionless”(481). The words he used to express the soldiers standing conveyed the idea that they were unemotional yet proper and took the hanging of Peyton Farquhar very seriously. The idea of the soldiers “staring”(481) express’ a distinctive importance set on them being detached from the event. “Formal and unnatural position,”(481) “etiquette” and “deference”(483). Thus, portraying that the soldiers were stone-faced and stern, and that Peyton must have broken an important rule in order to be awarded this punishment. However, it is not until the second section that the reader finds out that he is a criminal, so it must be assumed that Peyton does not deserve his punishment. The author initially described Peyton with complimentary words. “No service was too humble for him to perform in aid of the South, no adventure too perilous for him to undertake if …show more content…
In the short story “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge” Bierce theme is that life is not always a fairytale. Real life is sometimes interrupted by tragedy and does not always have a happy ending. Bierce’s sarcastic tone gives off the idea that he is making fun of fairytail dreams. “Their movements were grotesque and horrible, their forms gigantic”(486), describing the soldiers setting up to shoot at Peyton and emphasizing the hard truth about war. It is grotesque and horrible. People kill and people die, but then each and every bullet just perfectly misses Peyton while he maneuvered his way through the water. This created an illusion of almost impossible superhero-like qualities that Peyton seemed to have, but this was imagined. This dream-like state foreshadowed that it was not real and was more of a fairytale. This contrast between reality and fairytale is what makes the theme so vivid at the end of the
According to Baybrook, “Peyton Farquhar believes -- as do the readers -- that he has escaped execution and, under heavy gunfire, has made his way back home” (Baybrook). One of Bierce’s main means to achieve this goal of forcing the reader to buy into his delusion is ‘time’. Because ‘time’ is utilized to calibrate human experiences, it becomes obscure, altered and split in times of extreme emotional disturbance. The time that is required for hanging Farquar seems to be indefinite, however, Bierce goes the extra mile and indicates that there is a certain ‘treshold of death’ that lingers beyond recognition. When it is exceeded, it results in a distorted and blurred pe...
During the period of Realism in the late 19th century, writers attempted to bring their readers into a story that they or someone they knew might experience. It was very popular as it was relatable but also brought up themes that were not commonly explored. As best said by Harriet Kramer Linkin of the Journal of Narrative Technique "Bierce plays a cat and mouse game with his readers in the tale" (Linkin 2). This is shown especially well in Ambrose Bierce's "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge". In this short story, Bierce tests his readers by blurring the fine line between fiction and reality.
Ambrose Bierce chose to write this story in third person limited omniscient point of view to help the reader understand the story from the main character’s mind, Peyton Farquar. During the story you only see what happens through Peyton’s eyes. Therefore, you do not realize that most of the narrative reflects Peyton’s imagination. Choosing this type of view also lets the author focus more on the emotions and thoughts of the main character. The author does not let the reader see into the eyes of the men hanging him, but after reading the story one will understand that their point of view was not needed and would have actually taken away from the story if done so. His creative way of inventing this story would not have affected me and many other readers if written any other way.
In writing this story, Bierce is commenting on war itself and the contrast between this romanticized tale of heroism and the gruesome reality the hundreds of thousands of men had to face, and still have to face to this very day. The true horrors of war are never normally publicized, and this is why the populace is willing to go and fight. In the case of Peyton Farquhar, this ignorance lead to his blind patriotism, which in turn lead to his death. As the narrator relates to the reader: “Circumstances of an imperious nature, which it is unnecessary to relate here, had prevented him from taking service with the gallant army [...] and he chafed under the inglorious restraint, longing for the release of his energies, the larger life of the soldier, the opportunity for distinction.” (Bierce 2). The aforementioned quote is most definitely an affirmation of the grandeur of the military, and this is the perspective that Peyton Farquhar and many men shared. It is this illusion of grandeur that corrupts many men (and women) to head out and die in horrible
We realize that Peyton never really escaped, he was seeing his life flash before his eyes and the reader was right there with him. As stated by Peter Stoicheff in ‘Something Uncanny’ : The Dream Structure in Ambrose Bierce’s “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge,” “somehow the reader is made to participate in the split between imagination and reason, to feel that the escape is real while he knows it is not”(349). The reader wants to believe he survived and doesn’t realize the reality actually happening due to the altering of perspectives on Bierce’s part. There is evidence that shows that Bierce wanted the reader to see the reality that comes with your mind playing
In Ambrose Bierces " An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" two private soldiers of the Federal army were appointed by a sergeant to lynch Peyton Farquhar from a elderly suspended bridge because of his attempt to aid the Confederate forces. He was to be executed for aiding the confederate forces. He knew his death was at his fingertips and couldn’t help ponder its arrival. He looks at the river below observing the depth of the river. Early on in the story Ambrose portrays Peyton, from his perspective, seeing a shallow river. The fact that the river is shallow and will defiantly kill Peyton distracts the reader from the truth behind the mans observation. Peytonseeing the river shallow is foreshadowing the actual depth of the river. In fact the river is so deep that when the rope snaps it seems he falls endlessly in the water. The reader is eagerly awaiting the soon death of Peyton, then suddenly surprised while the river cushions his fall. Several other soldiers were relentlessly targeting the man at ...
Lucy Bednar explains in her criticism that Bierce uses three different voices throughout his story. In the first part of the story Bierce set up the scene. There is a man, Peyton, with a noose around his neck about to be hanged by the Northern soldiers during the civil war. Peyton is barely standing on a plank of the bridge and there are soldiers all over the place ready to
In “The Tell Tale Heart,” one of the many themes could be that guilt will catch up with you. Although this could be a fitting theme, the more suitable and appropriate theme is about escaping reality and convincing yourself that there is a way out of anything, as this is describing not only the main conflict between the narrator and the old man's eye, but the other conflicts as well. “In an instant I dragged him to the floor, and pulled the heavy bed over him” (Poe 6). This theme is supported throughout the story by all of the conflicts. While this theme may apply to Edgar Allan Poe's “The Tell Tale Heart,” it is not shared with the short story “An Occurrence At Owl Creek Bridge” by Ambrose Bierce, in which they are very similar. Some may think that in “An Occurrence At Owl Creek Bridge,” Ambrose Bierce use imagery to set up the problem. While this is a good claim, there are some problems with this, however. In “An Occurrence At Owl Creek Bridge” by Ambrose Bierce, there is a fair amount of imagery. Although this short story does contain imagery, it is not used to create the problem. In the beginning, the conflict and problem of the story is already happening. The scenes that involve imagery are moreso used to create suspense as well as build a mood, while this craft is used in the scenes that are filled with action and very exciting. For example, when Farquhar is falling into the river, the author uses imagery to give the reader a picture in their mind and describe him falling, which makes it more suspenseful. “As Peyton Farquhar fell straight downward through the bridge he lost consciousness and was one already dead” (Bierce 3). Thus, Bierce uses imagery to create suspense and build the mood of the story, while Edgar Allan Poe uses different crafts to
People can easily recognize that a butterfly, a horse, or a tree are alive and that a
The short story starts by creating curiosity with the revelation that a man will be hung in the owl creek bridge. At that moment the reader does not know the reasons for which the man will be sentenced. In the second section, the name of the man who will be hanged is mentioned, the motives for his crime and how he was captured. The final section illustrates the struggle Peyton Farquhar was facing and the events that went through your mind at that moment. He imagined/dream that he escape and peaceful return to their home. But the reality is another and his life ends in darkness and silence. (Bierce 201-209)
Imagining Reality: The Presentation Of The Theme of Illusion VS Reality in “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge”
...ony, and narration. Without these exceptional parts the theme would not have as much meaning and depth in its perception to the reader. The symbols show to the reader that there is a hidden message to what is going to happen in the end and hints to the theme of the story but is purposely ignored. Irony brings attention to the conscious or thoughts during the story and the unlikelihood of actually dying at the end shows how strong our minds are. Narration is brought to show the theme of his expected death and a diversion from the reality of the readers thoughts. The story is saturated with literary elements that help prove the theme of “An Occurrence of Owl Creek Bridge”.
The setting of the story is in a small area of Northern Alabama, but the setting has multiple locations within the different scenes of the story. In the first section of the story, Farquhar is in preparation to be hung at Owl Creek Bridge. Before Farquhar’s dreadful hanging, Bierce takes the audience back to the past where Farquhar seems to be the owner of a plantation. In this scene, Farquhar is consulting with a spy from the union who has effectively disguised himself as a thirsty confederate soldier. The
One way Bierce keeps his audience’s attention during his story is his use of imagery, especially during intense or uncomfortable scenes. Bierce’s use of imagery creates and maintains suspense in the way he provides a lot of information and description details but also withholds important aspects of the story; this is most notably shown in the paragraph where Bierce describes the hanging of Peyton Farquhar. Bierce describes the hanging as “streams of pulsating fire heating [Peyton] to an intolerable temperature” (cite). Bierce also uses imagery in the way he describes
An example of suspenseful writing in the story was when the enemy sniper shoots the Republican sniper. “Suddenly from the opposite roof a shot rang out and the sniper dropped his rifle with a curse. The rifle clattered to the roof. The sniper thought the noise would wake the dead. He stooped to pick the rifle up. He couldn 't lift it. His forearm was dead. "I 'm hit," he muttered.” This Short story can show how sudden things can change, and how scary it can be trying to figure out what to do next. Mr. O’Flaherty tells his short story to inform others how difficult and scary war can be when someone gets shot at or wounded. In his short story he also shows how fast and smart you have to be, and know how to take care of yourself if something happens. In the story, after the sniper got shot in the arm he knew how to temporarily fix it. “Then taking out his field dressing, he ripped open the packet with his knife. He broke the neck of the iodine bottle and let the bitter fluid drip into the wound. A paroxysm of pain swept through him. He placed the cotton wadding over the wound and wrapped the dressing over it. He tied the ends with his teeth.” In war anything can happen at any certain