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Occupational therapy assignment
Occupational therapy research proposal
Occupational therapy models and theories
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Occupational therapy is defined as ‘the therapeutic use of everyday life activities (occupations) with individuals or groups for the purpose of enhancing or enabling participation of roles, habits, and routines at home, school, workplace, community, and other settings” (AOTA, 2014, S1). The OT profession end goal is to allow those who are unable to be able to continue with their functional daily lives. However, practitioners are presented with many challenges as every client and every situation is different. According to kielhofner, practitioners sought out to create an explanation for making sense of situations and develop strategies to solve them (2009, p. 59). This is why documents such as the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework is essential …show more content…
as it helps guide and have a better understanding of the profession. Also, the conceptual models; like the Biomechanical to provide concepts and facts that guide understanding of client’s emotions, thoughts, choices, experiences, capacities, and behaviors, also provide insights into the problems faced by clients (Kielhofner, 2009, p. 59). Before a practitioner is able to solve a problem for clients, they must have an understanding of the different challenges. This is why we have to understand what is the meaning of theory. According to Kielhofner, theories provide an explanation of some of the problems or circumstances as well as the rationale for what needs to be done to change it. (2009, p. 60). Subsequently, before an OT is able to take used of the different models it is important to be able to explain how the therapy process work. It able the practitioner to create the best intervention to help a client. Occupational therapy session begins by evaluating the clients.
An evaluation is “Process of obtaining and interpreting data necessary for intervention. This includes planning for and documenting the evaluation process and results” (AOTA, 2014, p. S42). After an OT evaluate the client, they then assess the clients. Assessments are “Specific tools or instruments that are used during the evaluation process” (AOTA, 2014, p. S41). Once an OT gathered all of the client’s information, weakness, and strengths, the OT now can create an intervention best suited to the particular issue. Intervention is defined as “Process and skilled actions taken by occupational therapy practitioners in collaboration with the client to facilitate engagement in an occupation related to health and participation. The intervention process includes the plan, implementation, and review” (AOTA, 2015, p. S43). In the process of creating an intervention, they can use the different model to guide them to find the best …show more content…
solution. The Biomechanical model is used for those problems related to musculoskeletal capacities that underline functional motion in every occupational performance (Kielhofner, 2009, p. 66). The biomechanical model is important as motion is an underlies all occupational performance, whether for manipulation of objects, gesturing in communication, or standing in a line, all occupations involve person stabilizing and moving their body’s (Kielhofner, 2009, p. 66). For example, as shown in the YouTube video on Upper extremity ROM screen, as the PT is evaluating the client of its upper extremities of the client (2012). The PT must have the knowledge of a joint range of motion, active range of motion and passive range of motion, to better analyze the client’s strength and weakness. Thus, is why Models like the biomechanical model is so very vital in this profession. It allows an OT to know how to implement a different exercise or to modify exercise based on the client’s ability. For example, if a client has an active range of motion; which refers to the range of movement that a person can produce using voluntary muscle contraction (kielhofner, 2009, p. 67) they are able to bend, reach, which is great for a stand and reach exercise. However, if a client has a passive range of motion; refers to the range of movement that is possible when an outside force moves the joint, which can enable a client to do such exercise without the physical help from the OT. Therefore, an OT is able to use Adaptive Equipment like a raised toilet seat as shown in the YouTube video to help the client to use the toilet if they have issues with bending (2009). According to kielhofner “Intervention based on the biomechanical model focus on the intersection of motion and occupational performance.
These interventions can be divided into three rationales: preventing deformity and maintaining existing capacity for motion, restoring the capacity for motion, and compensating for a limited range of motion, strength, and/or endurance” (2009, p. 70). Consequently, as an occupational therapy your role is to focus on the functional purpose, this means you must think about the movement in a functional term such as grabbing, lifting, and holding (Kielhofner, 2009, p.77). Once you establish your client’s abilities you can then create a compensatory intervention to allow the client to be able to do their activities of daily
living.
The Occupational Therapy Practice Framework defines an occupational profile as “the initial step in the evaluation process that provides an understanding of the client’s occupational history and experience, patterns of daily living, interests, values, and needs (2014).” During this process the client’s problems and concerns about daily occupations are identified then the client’s main concerns are determined (American Occupational Therapy Association, 2014). Occupational Therapists strive to be holistic and client-centered, and the occupational profile is one method to ensure treatment takes on these characteristics. During the occupational profile the clients share their priorities based on what is important to them, and the therapist
Though occupation usually refers to a job, a person’s occupation is initially determined by what their everyday life consists of. When a person becomes incapable of performing the tasks that they are expected to do in their everyday life due to developmental delays, physical injury, or psychological problems they are often referred to an occupational therapist. Occupational therapists, or OTs, usually have occupational therapy assistants, often called OTAs. The OT gives the OTA a set of objectives to help the patient achieve. Since people go through numerous occupations during the course of their lives, OT’s and OTA’s prov...
Sacket et al, cited in, Duncan, E,A,S, (2006) Foundtions for practice in Occupational Therapy, 4th edition, Elsevier Ltd.
Change is something that human have to face often, yet it is still very hard for us to adapt to it. We can, in turn, agree that change is not easy (Jacobs 2002). Occupational therapy has been thought a lot of changes which give rise to new treatment methods, new approaches and a better to communicate with the patients. Below is an analysis of the changes that have been made in the occupational therapy field and their outcomes.
This article discusses the basic understanding of what occupational therapy is and what it the Occupation is defined as “activites of everyday life, names, organized and given meaning by individuals and a culture” (Association, 2006). This article also discusses the historical aspects of occupational therapy. Occupational therapy was founded by many different professionals with different backgrounds, that came together to share the same idea about how occupational therapy should be and the importance of activites for a person. This article also talks about different types of services that occupational therapy offers. Occupational therapists and assistances can work in many different settings.
Townsend & Polatajko (2007) state that “Occupational therapy is the art and science of enabling engagement in everyday living, through occupation; of enabling people to perform the occupations that foster health and well-being; and of enabling a just and inclusive society so that all people may participate to their potential in the daily occupations of life”.
...e-based knowledge to inform the therapy practice. It also assists with furthering the therapist’s knowledge of humans as occupational beings as well as the relationship between occupation and health.(Yexer ,1993) introduced occupational science as a fundamental science supporting occupational therapy, with an aim to refocus the provision of therapy back to occupation. Hence, occupational science provides the therapists with support, justifies the meaning and uniqueness of the profession and distinguishes occupational therapy from other professions. In addition (Wilcock, 2001), also emphasises that occupational science might be another way to avoid the possible failure of the occupational therapy as a practice. With a strong research background, occupational therapists could make a contribution to medical science, which may challenge it from a different standpoint.
Occupational therapy was based off of psychology; we evolved from treating mentally ill patients with isolation as an efficient treatment plan. We must never forget we are known to be “the art and science of helping people do the day-to-day activities that are important and meaningful to their health and well being through engagement in valued occupations” (Crepeau, Cohn, & Schell, 2008). To other professional disciplines this article explains the difference between each of us, yet can also express our relation to one another. The basic goal of all therapeutic disciplines is to better our clients life, through physical, speech or occupational therapy. Every discipline targets different goals, may it be body mechanics, reducing a stutter or buttoning a shirt, at the end of the day our clients well being may it be through science, art or both is all that matters. To the occupational therapy field this article means progress for what we do. Reading this article today in the year 2015 did not seem like old information to me, it is still relevant, I am proud that our field is not only evolving with contemporary time but it is also maintaining its
A., de Rijk, A., Van Hoof, E., & Donceel, P. 2011). The therapist has to assess the patient to see if they have a need for splints or supports which may benefit the patient and then step in to help design the specific assistive devices needed. It is the job of the occupational therapist to come up with plans to overcome the inconvenient limitations while still helping the patient to reduce strain and prevent further damage by teaching them techniques that will conserve their energy. There are a variety of different ways to make daily living much easier. The most crucial part of therapy is assessing the patient's environment. All the people, cultural conditions and physical objects that are around them, create their environment. The behavior and development of people is a direct result of the interaction between them and their surroundings. A patient's behavior is greatly affected when they are mismatched with their environment. A person's environment match is present when the person's level of competence matches the demands of the environment. Full participation by the patient is required to make it practicable. “The science and practice of occupational therapy are well suited to develop, refine, and test approaches to translate therapeutic gains into
Occupational therapy made its first appearance in a modern-day setting during the 18th century; however, occupational therapy dates back to 100 BC. The United States medical system adopted occupational therapy in the 19th century. In 1910, occupational therapy became a realized profession. Then, the main focus was working with individuals to get them to a fully functional state. Around 1930, standards of practice were developed for occupational therapists (OT’s). The career continues to evolve and change as new illnesses and disabilities arise. Even with all the changes, the main focus remains intact: helping people.
Occupational therapy is also known as the dynamic and developing healthcare profession that deals with people in ways of regaining their skills required for the every days of life. For a very long time I have always had the desire to achieve my dreams in becoming an occupational therapist. I am very well equipped with creativity, flexibility and the ability to aid people in solving their every day’s life challenges they get involved in. Occupational therapy is quite involving and needs good strategies and skills for one to be successful in the program.
witnessed first-hand the impact occupational therapy can make in people’s lives, watching the delight of a
Cole, M. B., & Tufano, R. (2008). Applied theories in occupational therapy: A practical approach. Thorofare, New Jersey, United States of America: Slack Inc.
In Occupational Therapy (OT), ideas and theories go through various modifications. Practitioners dealing with Occupational therapy use craft as therapeutic mechanisms because people do feel that they are capable of accomplishing anything when they prove to themselves that they can do an art and compete it on their own. Crafts vary in their purpose; some deal with self care such as cooking, sewing, cleaning, and mending. Other crafts are generally meant to deal with a dysfunction faced compared to other crafts. An assessment of theoretic crafts to determine if it fits the best interests of a patient is through looking at the treatment goals of OT to a specific individual.
It is important that the need for occupational therapy services is based on an accurate account of the client’s current and past occupational performance5. Furthermore, an inaccurate initial assessment means that the results of subsequent reassessments – conducted after each treatment session – will not make sense in light of the improvement or regression expected of the client – in terms of his or her occupational performance – as a result of the treatment and/or other factors. Similarly, if the reassessments are not carried out accurately, the results of these reassessments, when compared with previous assessments, would not correspond to the actual improvement or deterioration of the client’s occupational performance. Reassessments are used by occupational therapists during the treatment process to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention plan and its implementation6. Thus, the occupational therapist cannot accurately determine the success of the treatment sessions in improving the client’s occupational performance and, therefore, will not be able to review and modify the treatment plan accordingly in order to ensure that the treatment is successful and benefits the client. As a result, the treatment may be unsuccessful in enabling the client to improve his or her occupational performance, and thus the ethical principle of