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Essay nigeria of today
Nigeria post colonization
Uniqueness of Nigerian culture
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Nigeria
Modern Nigeria is an archetypal cauldron, enmeshed with a variety of cultural groups and traditions, nevertheless united by the prospect of forging a unique
independent national identity. Hausa, Fulbe, Yoruba and Igbo are among the largest of those, in the forty -three years since the end of colonial occupation, struggling to maintain their linguistic and cultural affiliations while simultaneously converging t o create a syncretic sense of Nigerianness. Subsequently, as one means of understanding art, in essence, is as a celebration of identity, artwork in the post -independence era manifests this struggle; thus, placing artists at the epicenter of cultural iden tification.
In the 1960s, artist Uche Okeke emerged as an integral figure in the development of Nigerian art, and thus, Nigerian identity. Drawing from his Igbo heritage, Okeke effectively appropriated pre -colonial artistic traditions and applied them in an “art for art’s sake” context. Okeke’s work, however, is not a mere recontextualization and revitalization of “old” forms. Rather, informed by historical situation, Okeke’s artworks are personal testimonies of struggle characterized by a natural synt hesis of traditional and contemporary form and context. As an emblem of identity in post -colonial Nigeria, however, the doctrinal aesthetic of “natural synthesis” promoted by Okeke is not a simple combination of old and new; it’s true nature is multi -tiered and specific to individual interpretation. Evident in Uche Okeke's 1982 etching Ana, Asele and Badunka, “natural synthesis” represents a merger of uli design forms and Igbo cosmology; a synthesis of traditional design and contemporary applications; and a unification of writing and drawing in which theme...
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...nd Nigerian Contemporary Art.
Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C. 2002.
Wilis, Elizabeth Anne. “Uli Painting and Identity: twentieth century de velopments in art In the Igbo speaking region of Nigeria.” Ph.D Thesis at the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London. Vols. 1 -2. 1997
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Ejiogu, N.W. “Body Decoration and Mural Painting in Oraifite and Aquleri ” Unpublished B.A. Thesis at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. 1971.
Forde, D. and G.I Jones. The Ibo and Ibibio Speaking Peoples of South Eastern Nigeri International African Institute, London. 1962.
McCal, John C. “Social Organization in Africa ”. Africa. Indiana University Press.
Okeke, Uche.
Creative Conscious. Asele Institute, Nimo, Anambra State, Nigeria. 1993. Otenberg, Simon. “We are Becoming Art Minded”. Vol. XXI. No. 4. pg.58 -67. 1988.
This shows the devotion to the religion of the Igbo people. Okonkwo places food or gifts leaving them for the gods in exchange for the care of his family. Their religion also shows how they
The Portuguese arrived in Benin, in modern Nigeria, between 1472 and 1486 to find an established and ancient kingdom with remarkable social and ritual complexity, with art that was comparatively naturalistic, and with a political system that was, on the surface, recognizable to the Europeans: monarchy. Even more importantly, they found a land rich in pepper, cloth, ivory, and slaves, and immediately set out to establish trade (Ben-Amos 35-6). Though we often imagine "first contacts" between Europeans and Africans as clashes of epochal proportions, leaving Europeans free to manipulate and coerce the flabbergasted and paralyzed Africans, this misjudges the resilience and indeed, preparedness, of the Benin people. The Benin were able to draw on their cultural, political, and religious traditions to fit the European arrival in an understandable context. Indeed, as the great brass plaques of the Benin palace demonstrate, the arrival was in fact manipulated by the Benin to strengthen, not diminish, indigenous royal power.
In 1803 this theory was finalised and stated that (1) all matter is made up of the smallest possible particles termed atoms, (2) atoms of a given element have unique characteristics and weight, and (3) three types of atoms exist: simple (elements), compound (simple molecules), and complex (complex molecules).
Loftus, D. and Wood, P. (2008), 'The Art of Benin: Changing Relations Between Europe and Africa II' in Brown, R. D. (ed.) Cultural Encounters (AA100 Book 3), Milton Keynes, The Open University, pp. 43-87.
physics. The work of Ernest Rutherford, H. G. J. Moseley, and Niels Bohr on atomic
Western attitudes to African people and culture have always affected how their art was appreciated and this has also coloured the response to the art from Benin.
“On 2 August 1934, President Hindenburg died. Within an hour of his death Hitler announced that the offices of chancellor and president were to be combined and that he was the new head of state. Hitler’s adolescent dream of becoming Fuhrer of the German people had been realized” President Hindenburg’s death marked the official end of the Weimar Republic, a democratic ‘experiment’ that had lasted since 1918. The causes of the dissolution of the Republic are wide ranging and numerous, as was explained in the articles of both Richard Bessel, and John McKenzie. The two author’s agree on the sequence of events which led to the dissolution of the Republic, however, they disagree on what exactly caused the transition from Weimar to the Third Reich. The author’s disagreement stem from a differing view of the fundamental cause, political structure versus political leadership.
Burton, David. "Exhibiting Student Art." Virginia Commonwealth University Journal 57.6 (2004): 41. eLibrary. Web. 30 Oct. 2013.
Toyin, Falola. “The Power of African Cultures.” Woodbridge, Suffolk, United Kingdom: University of Rochester Press, 2003. Print
...’s depictions of both traditional and modern beliefs in varying degrees illustrate the importance of both in contemporary Nigerian culture, as well as the greater Africa as a whole, and how both are intertwined and cannot exist without the other. In effect, she skillfully subverts stereotypes or single perceptions of Africa as backward and traditional, proving instead, the multifaceted culture of Africa. She further illustrates that neither traditional African nor western culture is necessarily detrimental. It is the stark contrast of the fundamental cultures that inevitably leads to clashes and disagreements. In the end, what holds African countries such as Nigeria together is their shared pride. Modern, western influences can bring positive changes to society, but new cultures cannot completely eradicate the foundational cultures to which a society is founded on.
Ogbechie, S. O. (2010) The Curator as Culture Broker: A Critique of the Curatorial Regime of Okwui Enwezor in the Discourse of Contemporary African Art. [Internet]. Available at: http://www.africancolours.com/african-art-news/550/international/the_curator_as_culture_broker_a_critique_of_the_curatorial_regime_of_okwui_enwezor_in_the_discourse_of_contemporary_african_art.htm [Accessed 24 October 2011].
In back in the times of Ancient Greece in the year of 460 B.C., Democritus & Leucippus proposed that everything in the world was made up of atoms. He also proposed that atoms were indestructible, there were an infinite number of them and between them there is empty space. Democritus formed views on the atomic structure, such as its shapes and connectivity. Democritus also claimed that atoms were of different sizes, but was unsure of the weight of atoms. Democritus’ discovery of the atom is the basis of elements, which is the basis of the periodic table. Without the discovery of the atom, the periodic table would never exist.
Okonkwo is a self-made man. He achieves greatness through his own hard work and determination. Okonkwo started his life without the benefits that other young men had. His father, Unoka, was a lazy man. He had acquired no honorary titles. When Unoka died, Okonkwo did not inherit any barn, title, or young wife. He merely acquired his father’s debts. Therefore, Okonkwo sets about to make a name for himself and to achieve greatness in his community. He diligently plants and harvests his yams, building a farm from scratch. He builds a large commune for his family. He marries three wives; one of them was the village beauty. He acquires two titles. Okonkwo is not a failure, like is father was. In Umuofia, “achievement was revered”, and Okonkwo’s achievement was immense (8). He was “clearly cut out for great things” (8). To the Igbo people, Okonkwo epitomizes greatness and success.
Nigerian culture is as multi-ethnic as the people in Nigeria. The people of Nigeria still cherish their traditional languages, music, dance and literature. Nigeria comprises of three large ethnic groups, which are Yoruba, Hausa-Fulani and Igbo.
Oti, Adepeju; Ayeni, Oyebola. (2013) Yoruba Culture of Nigeria: Creating Space for an Endangered Species Cross - Cultural Communication9.4 : 23-29