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The impact of ADHD on a child’s schooling
Impact on adhd in schooling
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Neuroenhancement is when people use pharmaceutical drugs to change the chemistry in the brain, in order to function better. Some of these drugs might be for memory or attention, for example. People who have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are often prescribed a neuroenhancer, typically from a class of drugs called stimulant medications. Unfortunately, over the years that these drugs have been out, the number of people who have been abusing them has increased dramatically. Stimulant medications, especially, are sold on the black market with significant mark-up over what they would cost from a drugstore. People are prescribed these medications and purchase them with cash or their medical insurance, turning around and making many times profit on them on the streets. The easy access to such powerful medications is …show more content…
ADHD is diagnosed more often than it needs to be, meaning that a many of the children who are currently on Ritalin and other stimulant medications really do not need to be. This happens because there is a lot of pressure for boys to conform and because schools expect kids to sit for hours on end. Little kids are meant to move around and to play. When they have a hard time sitting down the schools think there is something wrong with them. Teachers get frustrated with their students' behavior and because their classrooms are overcrowded they pressure parents into getting medications for their children. Sometimes even it is the parents who are frustrated with their kids, maybe for many of the same reasons. We live in a society that expects kids to be like little adults and to be quiet and calm. Kids are not wired the same way as adults, and it does not mean that there is something wrong with them. Even though it's doctors who are prescribing the medications, if the children do not really have the condition isn't this just another form of drug
In Margaret Talbot 's article about neuroenhancing drugs, she uses tone, appeals, and evidence from various sources. Talbot also utilized stories from past students that had used these drugs to enhance their academic performance, along with their work ethic, because they felt they needed an academic aid. Throughout this article, Talbot is trying to inform our society of the effects of neuroenhancing drugs, as well as get her point across about how she feels about this issue. She uses evidence from past college students that displays her opinion on the use of these drugs for nonmedicinal use. According to her writing, the use of these drugs is becoming more widespread than it should. In my analysis I will focus on how Talbot uses these strategies
As stated previously, medication is the most common option that parents choose for their children. The most common prescriptions are Dexedrine, Cylert, Ritalin, and Adderall. Medication is highly effective. For around 75%-90% of prescribed patients, these work to solve their issues. This is a definite advantage to taking medication is that it is almost guaranteed to work. There are drawbacks to taking medication however; the trial-and-error process, cost of medication, and the side effects that can come with medication. As with any brain chemical medication, there comes a trial-and-error process to determine the right balance and the right amount to really curb the symptoms that come with. Just like any medication that people need to operate, the cost does add up whereas with behavioral therapy, there is no medication to buy and thus no costs. Lastly, there are side effects that come with ADHD. These can be insomnia, nervousness, headaches, and weight loss. Despite all these drawbacks, medication is the fastest and most effective way to treat ADHD (“Identifying and Treating Attention Deficit
Nine percent of children between the ages of five and seventeen are diagnosed with ADHD in the United States (CDC). About 3 million kids that are on ADHD medication are prescribed Ritalin or Adderall. Most people and psychologists see ADHD as a true disorder, then theres those who think the complete opposite. Are children being overmedicated and over-diagnosed for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder? Some medications are not always the answer.
There has been an increase in the Misuse and Abuse of prescription drugs to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). the number of children on medication for ADHD has grown from 600,000 in 1990 to 3.5 million in 2013 according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. But although there is an over-medication of ADHD drugs, there is actually and under-medication since not all the right people are getting medicated. Many individuals lack insurance or are insured with health plans that do not cover the outpatient prescription drugs they need and cannot afford.10 Therefore, Individuals covered by various health plans and programs, and those who have no prescription drug coverage, pay significantly different prices for the same medications. As the demand for ADHD drugs grows, higher prescribing rates and increasing drug prices result, which creates problems for these number of Americans who cannot afford the treatment they require.
Stolzer, PhD, J. M. (2007). The ADHD Epidemic in America. Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry, 9, 109-116.
Typical ADHD drug overdoses lead to an estimated 3,000 Emergency Room visits each year (Vinerd. 2006). In 2010 alone, there were 17, 000 human exposures to ADHD medications. This number is just what was reported to the Poison Control Center. Eighty percent of these overdoses occurred in kids younger than 19 years old. The other twenty percent of the overdoses occurred in adults (Stiller, 2013).This leads to the number one question: Who is to blame for these overdoes? Do we blame the doctors prescribing the medications or do we blame society?
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disorder that causes children to have problems with paying attention, trouble with following instructions, have impulsive behaviors and become easily distracted. Medications, such as Adderall and Ritalin, are used to treat the symptoms of this disorder by helping the patient to focus and pay attention while also curbing their impulsive behavior and hyperactivity. Side effects of these medications are, but not limited to, anxiety, addiction and in some cases psychosis. Proponents of giving ADHD medication to children argue that ADHD is a real disorder in children and the medication does improve the symptoms of the disorder by a large margin as well as being cost effective. Also, not only are the parents happy with the outcome of their children taking the prescribed medication but so are the children themselves. Proponents also argue that by not letting parents of the children, young adults and adults choose to take these prescriptions when diagnosed with ADHD that the medical and psychiatric communities would be in violation of the principle of autonomy. Justice as well would be violated since most of the burden of dealing with all the symptoms caused by this disorder would fall onto those with ADHD and partly on their families. Opponents of giving ADHD medication to children point out that it is not only going to children with ADHD but also being prescribed to those not diagnosed with the disorder as well as the pills being given or sold to other children and young adults. They also claim that the full side effects of ADHD medication are still not known and could have harmful long- lasting side effects on the children taking the medications. In this case, the princip...
In recent years, a new phenomenon has been sweeping through the country. People, mainly college students, are taking medications typically prescribed for ADHD in order to enhance their cognitive performance. In “Brain Gain: The Underground World of ‘Neuroenhancing’ Drugs,” Margaret Talbot chronicles the stories of people who have had firsthand experiences with these drugs and leads the reader to consider their implications and consequences. The very purposeful structuring, phrasing, and evidence all come together to craft a fairly convincing argument that these “neuroenhancers” are causing problems in which that the general populace is not yet aware.
The most commonly abused substances are Nicotine, Inhalants, Alcohol, Cocaine, Amphetamines, Prescription medications, Heroin, Ecstasy and Marijuana. 1a(National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2011) Initially, a person may find themselves using substances voluntarily and with confidence that they will be able to dictate their personal use. However, over the period of time that drug use is repeated, changes are taking place throughout the brain, whether it is functionally or structurally. Drugs contain chemicals that enter the communication system of the brain and disturb the way in which nerve cells would typically send, receive, and process information. The chemicals within these drugs will cause a disruption to the communication system by either imitating the brain’s natural chemical messengers or by over-stimulating the brains “reward system” by sending mass amounts of dopamine. As an individual prolongs his or her use of these substances, they may develop an addiction.
ADHD can be treated with behavior therapy, medication, or a combination of both (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). It is best that young children between four and five start out with behavior therapy before being prescribed any medicine. Successful treatment plans consists of monitoring, follow-ups and any changes that may occur during the process. Additional treatment options for ADHD include behavioral intervention strategies, parent training ad school accommodations and interventions (CDC, 2015). Some of the medication that is currently being used to treat ADHD are Ritalin, Metadate, and Strattera. Most of these medications are stimulants used to activate brain circuits that support attention and focused behavior. Doing so reduces hyperactivity (National Institute for Mental Health, 2012). There are currently more than double the number of boys taking medication than girls and an equal number of men and women (Sternberg,
The United States is experiencing a consuming epidemic in which American children are subject to stimulant medication in order to counteract an infamous and widely abused diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder by doctors, for teachers, and at the discretion of a parent. The percent of children, ages 4-17 years old, diagnosed with ADHD rose from 7.8% in 2003 to 9.5% in 2007, and finally to 11.0% in 2011-2012, (Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, 2018). In total, “the prevalence of ADHD increased 42% from 2003 to 2011 [and even more if one were to count 2012], with increases in nearly all demographic groups in the United States regardless of race, sex, and socioeconomic status,” (Manos, 2017). Furthermore, for every 10 school-aged children in the U.S., more than 1 of them meet the requirements for an ADHD diagnosis, and among adolescents, 1 in 5 high school males and 1 in 11 high school females fit the diagnosis, (Manos, 2017). This steady increase is alarming, but even more bothersome in young children, whose percentage of ADHD increased by over 50% from 2007-2008 to 2011-2012, (Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, 2018).
“...Kids and teens who take prescription medicines to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be twice as likely to be bullied as their peers who don't have this mental health problem, a recent U.S. study suggests….” (Rapaport). Kids who take prescription ADHD medicines can be an easy target for a bully. This is because the bully doesn’t know what ADHD is. Other than it makes you not be able to sit still. Kids that take ADHD medicine usually don’t tell their classmates, because they don’t know how the “normal” kids will act. I have known many kids and family members that have ADHD but, do not tell about their condition. This is because they think people will judge them. This can lead to bullying and be the result of being taken off their medication because of depression. “...Children with ADHD are likely to be at increased risk of bullying given the symptoms of ADHD that they experience, as well as broader mental health difficulties that are associated with the condition," …” (Rapaport). ADHD kids that are bullied risk mental health problems, they risk these problems because of what the bully tells them, which can
Many students and young people trying to leave marks on their jobs now use brain-enhancing "smart" pills to help boost their exam grades or their ability to work long hours without tiring. It's quite possible that employers will start to demand that employees use stimulants. Drugs, originally made for dementia patients and children diagnosed with ADHD, are now available without prescription. Healthy individuals use them solely to improve their memory, motivation and attention, without any prior consult with their doctors. Many of these drugs are available on the Internet which comes in handy to young people who want to save their money for the future. What they do not take into consideration when buying stimulants on the Internet is the risk of not knowing for certain what they are getting. Moreover, long-term consequences and safety of the technologies are not known. Scientists haven’t done enough research to know how much of an impact even a short period of using such substances leaves on our brains.
Drug abuse has been a hot topic for our society due to how stimulants interfere with health, prosperity, and the lives of others in all nations. All drugs have the potential to be misapplied, whether obtained by prescription, over the counter, or illegally. Drug abuse is a despicable disease that affects many helpless people. Majority of those who are beset with this disease go untreated due to health insurance companies who neglect and discriminate this issue. As an outcome of missed opportunities of treatments, abusers become homeless, very ill, or even worst, death.
Drugs are chemicals that change the way a person's body or mind works. Drugs are not good for health as they have many side effects and damage our brain, heart and other important organs. Drug is a depressant that slows down the functions of the central nervous system and makes us less aware of the events around us. I...