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The effect the Disney princess image has on children
Gender stereotypes in popular disney movies
The effect the Disney princess image has on children
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Negative Stereotypes
“If children or adults think of the great classical fairy tales today, be it Snow White, Sleeping Beauty, or Cinderella, they will think Walt Disney,” Jack Zipes, a publisher and lecturer on the topic of fairy tales, claims. From the beginning of his rollercoaster career, the name of Walt Disney became one to remember. His spell over the world of fairy tales has made him a household name. The classic Disney princess film motif displays stereotypes of women by portraying them negatively. The three prominent stereotypes of women depicted in Disney princess movies include portraying women as domesticated, creating an unattainable body image, and teaching girls that they need saving from a man are amongst these. In a recently conducted survey, I learned that 79% of people watched Disney princess movies often or frequently as a child. This amount of exposure can have great consequences. Although most respondents claimed that Disney movies convey appropriate messages to children, many of them also agreed that they can see the recurring theme of stereotyping women negatively. This
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rationalization has destructive consequences to young generations. Illustrations of all three of these themes may have originated in Disney’s first animated film Snow White and the Seven Dwarves.
While Snow White, “the fairest of them all,” frantically runs away from the clutches of the evil queen, she stumbles upon the house of the dwarves where she uncharacteristically leaps at the opportunity to clean the dwarves’ house. Snow’s stunningly attractive physique leads her into the arms of the charming prince upon whom she is completely reliant to save her. This is the formula for a classic Disney film. We can see this in more recent movies such as Aladdin, a princess film created by Disney 55 years after Snow White. It is very easy to draw connections between the two princesses. In the case of Aladdin, Jasmine is the young and radiant princess in need of a handsome savior to rescue her when she leaves the safety of her own
home. In order to back up the assumption that Disney is harming children with wrongful depictions, I surveyed 215 women, the majority of them being parents. In doing so, I discovered many similarities about the impacts of these children’s movies (Bauman). Of the women surveyed, 79% of them answered that they watched Disney princess movies often or frequently when they were growing up. When respondents were asked what traits they thought a “perfect” female had, 69% of the responses had to do with appearances with many of the responses including “skinny”, “small waistline”, and “long hair”. About 66% of respondents believe Disney princesses encourage young girls to focus on the aspects of beauty. While Disney movies may look beautiful on the screen, the statistics conclude that these films paint an ugly picture for children. To expand the understanding of the results acquired from the survey, I conducted an interview with Shena Hunt, a teacher at Hillcrest Elementary school and mother of one. Like the majority of the other survey participants, Hunt grew up watching Disney princess films frequently and often allows her daughter to watch them as well. Hunt has recently experienced an aftereffect of princess films. Her three year old daughter, who is hardly ever exposed to the act of kissing, began to vigorously kiss them when they put her to bed. After asking her where she learned this behavior, she told them that was how Anna and Kristof kissed in Frozen, a recent Disney release. Appalled, Hunt exclaimed, “Never did I imagine that's something she would pick up from a movie!” This is just one example of the effects of Disney movies. Although not necessarily detrimental to Hunt’s daughter or Hunt herself, it shows that Disney is not teaching kids the appropriate messages that many parents think they are. While some children may not be taking away all of the negative stereotypes, others are susceptible to damaging self-esteem issues brought on by the unrealistic images of the Disney princesses. After continually watching these films, children will start to create an idea of women that is based on the skewed vision of Disney. These children grow into adults who constantly compare their physical characteristics to those that are visible on the screens. Concentrating on physical flaws that are out of a person’s control can cause doubt throughout a person’s life. In addition, when everyone is striving for impossible goals, nothing can get accomplished. While there is nothing wrong with setting high goals, those who are striving for an impossible goal are setting themselves up for failure. Today’s society encourages people to “shoot for the stars,” when talking about goal setting, but this phrase does not include setting up failure. While it is logical to hold strict expectations, these requirements have to be more realistic. According to Disney, the best recipe for a princess movie must include an unrealistically beautiful princess, who loves to do housework and chores for her charming prince that rescued her from probable death. As the popularity of Disney princess films grows with each “instant classic”, these recurring themes become more evident. However, the responsibility of this expectation of perfection is not to rest completely in the hands of Disney. The best defense against the self-degradation that is highly likely with the constant viewing of princess films is to limit the intake of media, the responsibility of the parents. By balancing the consumption of media through supervision, children can learn that they are beautiful in every way possible.
Although the Princess Bride is the classic fairy tale, Westley and Buttercup defy the gender roles set up by feminist theory. In this particular novel, some characters live up to the stereotypes set by society. However, most characters defy these particular stereotypes. Take Fezzik, for instance. He is strong in body but not mind. Or Westley. He defies this stereotype by being tender and kind-hearted toward Buttercup, even when Buttercup gets tired of waiting for him and marries Prince Humperdinck.
What do stereotypes add to a film? Are they for the best? Are they different than archetypes? Disney Pixar’s film Cars (John Lasseter, Joe Ranft, 2006) plays with both stereotypes and architypes. Though, this film has no humans it instills human ideals of gender, love, race, and even class into these characters. Lasseter and Ranft specifically make use of stereotyping and archetypes to bring these characters to life. Not only does the use of archetypes provide a personality within each of these characters but the stereotypes also connote negative traits as well.
Presently, many books and fairytales are converted movies and often, producers alters the original tales to grasp the attention of a large audience. However, some of these interpretations hide the primary interpretation. The original interpretations of the Disney classics Snow White and Sleeping Beauty are greatly reinvented from the original fairytales Sun, Moon, and Talia and Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs because of the brutal nature of the treatment women in these original forms. Although there are differences in certain aspects from the original tales to the movies, there are many issues that are influential to the young girls who are still watching the Disney version. I realize this when my youngest niece, Anella asks me, “Why can’t I be beautiful and fall asleep and suddenly wake up to finally find my prince?” This is true in all cases of the four different translations of the fairytales. Every single girl in these stories are in a “beautiful” state of half-death who wake to find a prince who if eager to carry them off. This can lead to negative psychological effects on young girls as they are growing up, creating a large amount of pressure and low self-esteem due to the beauty that these stories portray and maintaining restrictions that these women experience in the stories. While it is true that Sleeping Beauty and Snow White and the Seven Dwarves are considered Disney classics that entertain children and provide meaningful role models, it is evident that the true, vulgar nature of these tales are hidden; these stories are about women who are thrown away.
Disney promotes sexisim by forcing young girls to live in a patriarchal world. Cinderella, Sleeping Beauty, The little mermaid, Aladdin, and Snow White are all examples of popular Disney movies that encourage young viewers that they need a man to save the day. Yes, it’s true that there are recent movies such as Moana and Frozen that prove otherwise, but how long will it take to completely get over the fact that women are mainly viewed as secondary citizens compared to the men? There are countless examples of how Disney movies influence this theme, and how much the female characters’ actions, ideas and thoughts are not included in a Disney movie.
Despite the tremendous steps that have been taken towards reaching gender equality, mainstream media contradicts these accomplishments with stereotypes of women present in Walt Disney movies. These unrealistic stereotypes may be detrimental to children because they grow up with a distorted view of how men and women interact. Disney animated films assign gender roles to characters, and young children should not be exposed to inequality between genders because its effect on their view of what is right and wrong in society is harmful to their future. According to Disney films, it is important for women to achieve the stereotypical characteristics of a woman, such as maintaining their beauty to capture a man, and being weak and less educated than male characters. The women in Disney movies are always beautiful, which helps them to find a man.
Disney princesses are fun for all ages, but their target audience is young children and “as children grow and develop, they can be easily influenced by what they see and hear”. Therefore, what they see and hear in Disney movies leaves an impression on them. The first princess, Snow White, was created in a time where each gender and race had a specific role in society. Recently, many believe that Disney has come a long way in regards to gender and race since Snow White, as several multi-cultural protagonists have been introduced subsequently, and gender roles do not appear to be as stereotypical as they once were. However, many of the apparent innocent messages about race and gender in these movies, can be exposed as otherwise. Despite their mask of progression, Disney princesses still have the potential to corrupt the minds of young children through sexism and racism.
Media is a powerful agent in entertaining children. It also influences and teaches the youth of society the suitable and appropriate gender roles that they inevitably try to make sense of. The power of media is very influential especially in the minds of the youth. Disney movies target the youth and plant certain ideas and concepts about social culture into the vulnerable minds of children. Media uses gender to its advantage, just like Disney productions. Humorous caricatures reveal some harsh realities about the portrayal of Disney Princesses in many movies made by the Walt Disney Company. Disney mixes innocence with the ultimate form of fantasy to capture an audience. Predominantly, Disney helps highlight the gender roles by showing the audience simply what they want to see. In the attempt to stick to the norm and portray stereotypical female characters, Disney created Princesses. Presented as damsels in distress and inferior beings to men, Disney Princesses give children an inaccurate portrayal of gender roles at a young age. Through Disney’s social success and intriguing films, such as The Little Mermaid, Snow White, Aladdin, Sleeping Beauty, Cinderella, and Beauty and the Beast, Disney Princess movies portray stereotypical representation of gender roles through the denigration of the female image, targeting and ruining the perception of youth today.
Society cements certain roles for children based on gender, and these roles, recognized during infancy with the assistance of consumerism, rarely allow for openness of definition. A study conducted by Witt (1997) observed that parents often expect certain behaviors based on gender as soon as twenty-four hours after the birth of a child. The gender socialization of infants appears most noticeably by the age of eighteen months, when children display sex-stereotyped toy preferences (Caldera, Huston, & O’Brian 1989). This socialization proves extremely influential on later notions and conceptions of gender. Children understand gender in very simple ways, one way being the notion of gender permanence—if one is born a girl or a boy, they will stay that way for life (Kohlberg 1966). “According to theories of gender constancy, until they’re about 6 or 7, children don’t realize that the sex they were born with is immutable” (Orenstein 2006). The Walt Disney Corporation creates childhood for children worldwide. “Because Disney are such a large media corporation and their products are so ubiquitous and wide spread globally, Disney’s stories, the stories that Disney tell, will be the stories that will form and help form a child’s imaginary world, all over the world, and that’s an incredible amount of power, enormous amount of power” (Sun). Because of the portrayal of women in Disney films, specifically the Disney Princess films, associations of homemaker, innocence, and dependence are emphasized as feminine qualities for young children. Thus, children begin to consider such qualities normal and proceed to form conceptions of gender identity based off of the movies that portray the very specific and limiting views of women (...
The point of many films is to convey a message to its viewers, such as morals and ethics. Consequently, films intended for adults convey messages suitable for adults; while children’s films do likewise for their target age groups, as one might expect. These children’s films, directed towards particularly younger audiences, prove useful when they contain beneficial maxims. Although at times, these films elicit less than healthy social views. Disney’s Aladdin is a prime example of a children’s film that immerses the audience in unhealthy views towards women. This film is an irresponsible in its portrayal of women - it sexually objectifies the female protagonist and enforces sexist ideologies, which directly affects the female characters within the story’s patriarchal system. The idea of sexism towards women is rampant throughout the movie Aladdin by making the following three claims: a woman’s worth is defined by men, women are incapable of making their own choices, and that women are inadequate and thus require saving by a man.
Princess films are centered around a female character who meets the love of her life and, like in other fairy tales, ends with their wedding (Ross 4). Initially, the Disney princesses’ have portrayed a typical female role in the film, showing the expected gender roles in American society (England Descartes Collier-Meek 563). These gender-based stereotypes are influenced by the time period they were made in, but also originating from old fairytales made centuries ago. “Society’s increasing reliance on the use of television and videos to occupy children warrants continued investigation of how exposure to media may affect children. Given that media portrayals like those in the animated movies of Walt Disney often reinforce societal stereotypes related to gender, ethnicity, and culture, parents may consider a more thoughtful approach to the use of television and videos” (Disney Movies 1).
In the 1950s Disney character such as “Cinderella” and “Sleeping Beauty” depicted women as still innocent and meek, thereby alluding to the permanence of pre-feminist stereotyping of women in popular culture (Cheu 150). In the two fi...
"Disney Princesses: Classic Fairy Tales Or Gender Stereotypes?" Hartford Courant, 27 Aug. 2012. Web. 09 Dec. 2013.
Considering that, by viewing a Walt Disney film, they will alter their perspective as a result of identifying themselves as being similar to a princess. The unrealistic tale of Walt Disney films motivates children to act in a different way. In these issues we tend to investigate the perception of children towards viewing the films. As well as identifying themselves with specific fictional characters shown in Walt Disney films. Furthermore, we can discern the different emotions of female children within viewing it.
I can understand how many parents are blinded to the negative effects of Disney movies, and their princesses. When they get a movie for their kid they probably say to themselves, “They’re made for children, so they must be okay, right?” Wrong. Just as Henry Giroux, the writer of the book, “The Mouse that Roared: Disney and the End of Innocence” believes that Disney movies have a negative impact on the children that watch them, I believe that as well. Disney movies can teach young girls stereotypes of the ideal body image, how they should act, and unrealistic expectations of love.
Disney and old fairytales threaten gender politics and ideal women roles by giving certain stereotypes for domestic and personality traits. Fairytales that have turned into Disney productions have sculpted domestic roles for women that consist of cooking, cleaning and caring for the children. Disney has also created these princesses with personalities that are shy, passive, and vulnerable. The cause of these stereotypes are making individuals obliterate their own identities and becoming clones from the mold that was prepared for