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Literature and different cultures
American influence in literature
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Throughout history, literature has been inspired from the culture of the time while staying true to the literary devices used in classical novels. Native Americans also used literary devices without knowledge of European usage across the Atlantic. In their literature, the Huron tribe demonstrated the use of the literary devices analogies and exaggeration while also being influenced by their culture and society. In both the standard creation myth of the Huron natives and the story of “Skunny-Wundy and the Stone Giant[b][c]” there were influences from the Iroquois tribes, who shared a similar language (Redish and Orrin, “Wyandot/Huron Language”). The Iroquois creation myth is very similar to the Huron as a result. Literature from the Huron tribe featured analogies just like most Native American literature. The Huron tribe’s “Skunny-Wundy and the Stone Giant” legend was no exception. The story described Skunny-Wundy as being “quick as a fox” and used other analogies which described the stone giant roaring “loud as a hurricane” {do I need to site the website where I found the story here?}. The Huron tribe used this literary device to explain the story better and to provide a sense of …show more content…
Adjacent Iroquois tribes, such as the Mohawk natives, shared a very similar creation myth (Redish and Orrin, “Native American Legends”). The cultures of both tribes influenced each other, and as a result, the myths became closely related. The Huron creation myth is heavily based on the culture at the time. The myth mentions beans, corn, and pumpkins being planted on the turtle. The Huron culture often depended on beans, corn, and squash for survival (Redish and Orrin, “Wyandot Indian Fact Sheet”). These were the essential plants on which the culture depended. The Huron tribe was thankful for these life-giving plants and showed this in their myth by stating that they came from a divine
The structure of stories, on which Campbell’s Hero’s Journey and Booker’s Seven Basic Plots elaborated, is actually only a portion of the field of study it is under. Comparative mythology not only studies the structure of hero stories, but also origins, themes, and characteristics of myths from various religions and cultures. They study the language, psychology, history, and anthropology in order to identify a common theme or beginning point. Even without delving into religion, many common elements have come to light. For instance, many cultures have tales of people with strange supernatural abilities, others speak of similar creatures that reside in water, air or land, while still others extol the importance of talisman and religious symbols. Despite cultures existing on different ends of the earth and having little contact for much of their existence, they share these common
Before diving into the connections between the book and class, it is important to understand some background information about the Huron. Research shows that the group was originally formed by hunter-gatherers who had inhabited the region for a long time (2).
Zitkala-Sa was extremely passionate with her native background, and she was adamant on preserving her heritage. When Zitkala was a young girl, she attended White’s Manual Labor Institute, where she was immersed in a different way of life that was completely foreign and unjust to her. And this new way of life that the white settlers imposed on their home land made it extremely difficult for Native Americans to thrive and continue with their own culture. In Zitkala’s book American Indian Stories, Legends, and Other Writings, she uses traditional and personal Native stories to help shape her activism towards equality amongst these new settlers. Zitkala’s main life goal was to liberate her people and help
McNickle, D'Arcy. "A Different World." Native American Literature: A Brief Introduction and Anthology. Ed. Vizenor, Gerald. United States of America: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, 1995, 111-119.
Perpetuation of Native American Stereotypes in Children's Literature Caution should be used when selecting books including Native Americans, due to the lasting images that books and pictures provide to children. This paper will examine the portrayal of Native Americans in children's literature. I will discuss specific stereotypes that are present and should be avoided, as well as positive examples. I will also highlight evaluative criteria that will be useful in selecting appropriate materials for children and provide examples of good and bad books. Children will read many books as they grow up.
Learning about this book means first learning about its author. William W. Warren was born in 1821 to Lyman M. Warren, a white fur tradesman, and Mary Cadotte, an Ojibway woman. He was the oldest of eight children. His mother, Mary, spoke no English so at an early age William began speaking both English and the Ojibway language. Because of his fluent speech in both languages, he was genuinely liked and respected by Indians. At a young age, he began documented stories from older men in the Ojibway tribes and translating the bible and other stories like “Arabian Nights” for the Indians. Documenting the stories and traditions of the Ojibway people became his greatest pass time during his teen years while translating and interpreting became a stepping stone for a political career as he was soon involved in the negotiations of treaties between the United States and the Ojibway people.
Native Americans have always been interpreted as “savage beast”. We are told the stories of the Europeans coming to America and their encounter with the Native by teachers, movies, and history books. When looking at the art of people “interpreting” the Native American the idea is still quite similar. Horatio Greenough work, Rescue, shows the common idea seen by most.
This provides powerful insight into the role Bigfoot like creatures played in Native American cultures. Some tribes were not afraid of the creatures, considering them kind and helpful, while peacefully coexisting with them. Other tribes found them to be more violent and dangerous creatures. The fact that these tribes called the animals Stick Indians or Brush Indians seems to suggest that the creatures were simply other tribes they did not get along with opposed to a village of mythical creatures. Some examples of Bigfoot like creatures in Native American tribes include the Chiye – Tanka, the Lofa, the Maxemista, and the popular Sasquatch. The Chiye – Tanka was the Bigfoot like creature of the Sioux Indians (“Native American,” n.d.). This animal
Any discussion of the American culture and its development has to include mythology, because that is where most of the information about early America is found. Mythology is a unique source in that it gives a shared understanding that people have with regard to some aspect of their world. The most important experience for American frontiersmen is the challenge to the “myth of the frontier” that they believed in – “the conception of America as a wide-open land of unlimited opportunity for the strong, ambitious, self-reliant individual to thrust his way to the top.” (Slotkin, 5) In particular, the challenge came from Indians and from the wilderness that they inhabited.
Kind and selfish, deep and shallow, male and female, and foolish and wise aren’t always words that are associated with each other, quite the opposite in fact. However, when it comes to the trickster tales of Native Americans, each word is associated with the other and describes more or less the same person or animal. To Native American people a trickster affects the world for an infinite number of reasons, including instruction and enjoyment. A trickster, like the name implies, is a cunning deception. A trickster can be a hero. However, at the same time he could introduce death. How is that heroic? Why would a group of people want to remember a person that brings punishments such as death? The function the trickster tales have/ had on Native American communities is still powerful today quite possibly because of their context, the lessons they reap, and the concerns they address. As the tales are told, the stories unravel showing the importance of a trickster and the eye-opening experiences they bring.
There are a lot of ways that writers and authors explain and get there message to the reader, ways where they connect and make the reader picture what they wrote in their minds. The way these authors write their work for the reader can really change the aspect of how the reader thinks and looks at the image in their heads. One of the ways that these authors and writers are able to give the reader what it looks like and the feelings that are there is through figurative language. The figurative language gives effect and meaning to what the writer's work has said. In this aspect and essay I will be focusing on documents from Early American Literature, specifically Dekanawida's Iroquois Constitution and Jonathan Edwards' Sermon Sinners "In the
In the excerpts from Fluffs and Feathers, Doxtator discusses the ideas of indianness and he talks about how people perceive First Nations people. The dominant fantasy of a First Nations person is someone that is spiritual, environmental, primitive, and in need of support. In the text by Doxtator it states “every culture creates images of how it sees itself and the rest of the world” (13). But how did the idea of indianness come about? The power of storytelling is a powerful tool because stories are rooted in people’s culture and it affects the way they see the mimetic world. Stories help people form dominant fantasies about things that they may not actually experience themselves. It would be impossible for all of Europe to travel to America and experience the new world. Therefore when the European travellers came to the Americas they would tell stories of their travels and their experiences so that other people could understand what they had experienced.
Just as there is goodness in the world, wickedness simultaneously exists, even in Algonquian spiritual beliefs. To the indigenous Canadians, one of the most notorious spirit that is known all across North America is the windigo (also known as witiko, wendigo, wihtigo). It is recorded to be one of the most vicious creature told by the indigenous people, as it is essentially an embodiment of greed and horror. Typically, the monster’s story is told by the storyteller of tribes, with each individual adding their own variations. Premise of these stories, however, often set place during a harsh winter where food is scarce and famine looms over tribes. These severe famine eventually causes some people to resort to cannibalism and gain the curse of
From attending lectures and reading assignments, I learned that there are many ways American Indian stories are told. American Indian stories are told through explorers, colonizers, pioneers, newspapers, magazines, politicians, anthropologists, archeologists, historians, biographies, travelers, fiction writers, and poets. As you can see, American Indian stories are told through many ways. The different ways in which these stories are told through, sometimes give off negative insights of how non-Indian individuals portray them. With all the varieties from wh...
In the world stereotypes and racism are scattered around and hurt many people. Some of the stereotypes people place with Indians deal with storytelling and magic, in which most of those ideas are wrong. Alexie states “Everybody thinks we have magical, spiritual powers” (Alexie), but they really don’t have any of the magical powers people claim they have. Storytelling is also a topic subject to criticism. Storytellers “read” from memories, experiences, and stories that were passed down from generations. Storytelling was also not just about amusing other people, but earning what the storyteller wanted. If they didn’t stand by the fire they wouldn’t eat. Storytelling is actually a job to Native Americans not a spiritual or magical thing. (Big Think)