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Analysis essay on science of music therapy
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In the early eighteenth century, the phonograph has been used to reinforce patients in hospitals to sleep and during surgery and anesthesia process (Barrera et al., 2002, p. 379). In the nineteenth century, there was a desire to use the sounds of music to minimize pain. In the 1980s, the use of music therapy was documented, but it had not proved any effectiveness (Barrera et al., 2002, p.379). Also, Munro et al. (1987) reported that the Greeks used music in psychology treatment (p. 1029). Music therapy was defended by Munro et al. (1987) as “the controlled use of music, its elements and their influences on the human being to aid in the physiologic, psychologic and emotional integration of the individual during the treatment of anilines or disability (p. 1030). Recently, many studies have shown an improvement of that interest of using music therapy, and that significantly proved its useful effects on children with varies medical issues. Nowadays there are other therapies besides medical treatment for children with autism, language skills problems, and dealing with hospitalization due to cancer.
One of the illnesses that music therapy helped to recover is autism. Yates and Professor Couteur (2009) defined autism as “a neurodevelopmental disorder, classified under the umbrella of conditions known as pervasive developmental disorders [...] It is characterized by qualitative behavioural abnormalities in the domains of communication, reciprocal social interaction and interests, and activities that are repetitive, restricted and stereotyped” (p. 55). Autistic children suffer from many symptoms: limitation in social relationships, poor communication skills, or unusual interests; for example, some children stick to one doll or to a spec...
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...hospitalized children with cancer . 379-388.
Barrow-Moore, J. (2007). The effects of music therapy on the social behavior of children with autism. 1-49.
Chakrabarti, S. (2009). Early identification of autism. 46, 412-414.
Geretsegger, M., Holck, U., & Gold, C. (2012). Randomised controlled trial of improvisational music therapy’s effectiveness for children with autism spectrum disorders. BMC Pediatrics, 12(2), 1-9.
Groß, W., Linden, U., & Ostermann, T. (2010). Effects of music therapy in the treatment of children with delayed speech development - research articleopen access results of a pilot study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 10(39), 1-10.
Munro, S. (1978). Music therapy in palliative care. 1029-1034.
Polsdorfer, R. (2006). Symptoms ofautism. 1-9.
Yates, K., & Couteur, A. (2008). Diagnosing autism. paEDiatricS aND chiLD hEaLth , 19(2), 55-59.
Occasionally music is used as medicine. One scholar shows that music can lower blood pressure, speed up stroke recovery, help you fall asleep, and help relieve pain (Surprising Effects of Music). Many schools provide a challenging curriculum for their students. Music classes would give students a chance to relax. Research demonstrates that liste...
Music therapy can be combined with occupational to increase the benefits of the special education services. A significant challenge people on the autism spectrum face is effectively communicating their thoughts, desires, and emotions in a socially acceptable way. Using improvisation in music therapy can help students on the spectrum express what they are feeling. Learning to use musical elements such as dynamics, tempo, timbre, and form, can help this population demonstrate musically what they need to communicate. For example, if they are feeling sad, they might improvise with a slow tempo. If they are angry, their improvisation might be loud and fast.
British Psychological Society (BPS) (2013) Making music may improve young children's behavior. Available at: http://www.alphagalileo.org/ViewItem.aspx?ItemId=134087&CultureCode=en (Accessed: 17 January 2014).
Music therapy works because of its three fundamentals: the application of systematic thinking through music theory, the creation of an individualized treatment plan, as well as the patie...
Interventions used in the treatment of mental disorder are divided into 3 levels and meet the various needs of the patient (MT and mental health book ch 3). The first level being supportive, activity oriented music therapy, the therapeutic focus is on the here and now, reactions, behaviors, skills, and is generally success-oriented and structured (MT and mental health book ch 4). Interventions would typically be small group ensembles, group singing, and drum circles. The second level is insight music therapy with re-educative goals, here the music is used to stimulate verbalization while gaining insight through discussion (MT and mental health book ch 5). Interventions at this level would include, lyric analysis or song discussion. The third level is insight music therapy with re-constructive goals, the experiences are used to uncover, relieve, or resolve conflicts at the subconscious level (MT and mental health book ch 6). Interventions used would be visualization to music, Guided Imagery and Music (GIM), and analytical music therapy. A session can have elements from each level, starting with an opening drumming activity/drum circle, transitioning into a lyric analysis/song discussion, visualizing of negative and positive feeling, and finally closing with another drumming activity. The questions used in the
A way that in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders is using music therapy instead of play therapy as it increases turn taking and eye contact more than when play therapy is used (E-4). Eye Contact was even proved to be held longer during this study when the child was participating in music therapy activities than when they were in regular play activities(E-1). When a mother was quoted on the British Columbian Music Therapy website, she stated that the “skills and abilities acquired in the music therapy setting generalize widely across situations.
B., Gfeller, K. E., & Thaut, M. H. (2008). An Introduction to Music Therapy: Theory and
Music is everywhere we go; we listen to it in the car, while doing work, and there are even people who pay to listen or watch an artist perform live. Yes, life goes on without music, but music has such an impact on our lives. Life is a rollercoaster of emotions and we have music to fit our emotions to be just as we feel. Music has a great deal of importance of many people. It can have a meaning that they cannot explain to others and are able to connect with the song. By doing so experts are able to help patients overcome many sicknesses with the help of music. Music therapy is capable of being an advantage for many individual patients, it can encourage responses from patients that other methods of therapy cannot get from them. Also, it improves the patients in distinctive ways other than for an illness.
I’m writing my paper on Music Therapy, and how music affects the mind and body, to treat various illnesses. Music therapy is the prescribed use of music under the direction of specially trained therapists to influence changes in negative conditions and behavior. It accomplishes this by maintaining and restoring mental, physical, emotional and spiritual health .One type of theory is the idea that music, movement, and speech are inseparable. Music evokes unconscious thoughts and feelings, which in turn expand self-awareness. Music therapy is a powerful and non-invasive form of sensory stimulation which provokes responses due to the familiarity, predictability, and feelings of security associated with it. In some medical settings such as mental health services, it has been used to decrease patient’s perception of pain, anxiety and depression. ICU patients listening to music showed a significant decrease in blood pressure. It has been shown to calm the patient and to relax their mind and body. Music eases the burden on the arteries and nerves through relaxation. Du...
Trials have been done on children with autism, cancer patients, and those with substance use disorders. In music therapy trials done on various cancer patients, significant positive affects have occured. Data collected from a study at Wake Forest Hospital in Winston-Salem, North Carolina showed significant improvements. The patients was diagnosed with Leukemia. The music therapy type was PME and the patient showed improvements in relaxation and heart rate normality (Boehm). Music therapy not only facilitates the brain and allows the patient to relax and be in touch with their
State,the therapy,selected: In the reading, it told about how music has been around throughout history as a treatment modality. The Egyptians use the power of music to affect healing. In the history of nursing Florence nightingale recognize the healing power of music (1860/1969). Today, nurses use music in a variety of settings to benefit patients, also they use it in different settings (Snyder, & Linguist, 2009, p.91, Para. 1).” Music is the mind-body techniques that Mr. Yakisoma will be using.
Music, whether it be playing on instruments or singing a song, has a very powerful way of reaching down into the human soul and inspiring minds. Some may say that music is a common language spoken by all people. For students with mental disabilities, music therapy is a way to boost the abilities that they lack. It has been proven that music therapy is effective for children with varying disabilities such as Down syndrome, autism, moderate mental retardation, cerebral palsy, and traumatic brain injury. Music therapy promotes development of communication skills motor skills, academic skills, and social skills in exceptional adolescents. All of which are essential life skills in which special needs students can use to lead an independent life,
Music and sounds have the power to effect one’s thoughts and emotions. Certain tones, pitches, lyrics, and melodies can invoke happiness, sadness, relief, and confidence. To achieve these emotions with music, many people find it helpful to enroll into music therapy. According to the American Music Therapy Association, music therapy is the clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions to accomplish individualized goals. These goals may be to manage stress, promote wellness, alleviate pain, enhance memory, or express feelings. Music therapy is widely used in hospital and other inpatient settings, furthermore in outpatient settings and personal use. It is studied in patients and family with cardiac issues, cancer, psychiatric cases, and as general palliative care, as well as other fields. It has been found that women preparing for labor received the greatest benefit of music therapy, followed by medical procedures and occupational stress. (Elliot, 2011)
Musical Therapy for Intellectually Disabled Children Musical therapy is an established health profession that uses music to address the physical, emotional, cognitive, and social needs of an individual. Musical therapy is a unique topic that has recently became popular in special education classrooms. Because of this, there is an abundance of scholarly information on the topic. The passage “Musical Therapy in Special Education” by Daphne J. Rickson and Dr. Katrina McFerran describes, the history, eleven case studies, and further research ideas about musical therapy. The information in this passage will extend my knowledge and provide a plethora of, easily accessible, information that will help further my own research.
Autism spectrum disorder is a disorder in which many children struggle with. Children, who have ASD, struggle with communication and social interaction. With this disorder, there are many things that can be put into place for a child who has ASD to be able to function “normally” on a daily basis. Music therapy is one strategy that has been proven to be very successful with a child, who has ASD, to be able to function “normally;” especially when it comes to their social and communication skills.