In his review of Tim Blake Nelson’s O, Patrick Finn criticizes the modern adaptation of Othello for its superficiality saying, “in this Othello, true anger comes from the steroids and cocaine that rich kids take to enhance performance,” and “malignity, in this sense, is no longer motiveless, but is instead the result of bad parenting” (85). The film departs from its source material by attempting to explain Hugo’s duplicity through a desperate, if childish, need for attention. As a result, the film loses the ambiguity and impact of Iago’s “motiveless malignity,” and this departure affects the overarching message of the film.
Iago gives many reasons for his duplicitous actions throughout Othello. In the opening scene he tells Roderigo that although three great men of the city told Othello to name Iago as his lieutenant, Othello instead chose Cassio, who Iago describes as a man “that never set a squadron in the field / Nor the division of a battle knows / More than a spinster – unless the bookish theoric, / Wherein the togaed consuls can propose / As masterly as he” (I.i 23-27). This jealousy derived from Othello passing up Iago in favor of Cassio is most similar to the reasons given for Hugo’s actions in O, but it is expanded in the film to include another character that overlooks Hugo: his father. Iago has no family other than his wife, yet Hugo is given a basketball coach for a father to reinforce that jealousy is the basis for Hugo’s actions. While Hugo’s father may be filling a role in the film equivalent to that of the Duke in the play, Iago and the Duke have no recognizable relationship. Nevertheless, Hugo derives a great deal of his motivation from Odin’s relationship with his father, and this is established in the first f...
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... of its final chance to get a real motive out of Hugo.
In this way, the play retains the ambiguity in Iago’s motives in order to allow an interpretation that there may be no motive or any one of the motives that is expressed or implied through Iago’s words or actions. One theme of the play is that evil may be motiveless, and the work is Shakespeare’s attempt to explore the “mystery of evil will.” By losing this ambiguity, the film does not allow for motiveless malignity, only evil that is a result of bad parenting.
Works Cited
Criniti, Steve. "Othello: A Hawk among Birds." Literature Film Quarterly 32.2 (2004): 115-121. Web. 6 Apr 2011.
Finn, Patrick. "O." Film & History 32.1 (2002): 84-85. Web. 4 Apr 2011.
Shakespeare, William. Othello. New York: Bantam Books, 1988. Print.
Stempel, Daniel. "The Silence of Iago." PMLA 84.2 (1969): 252-263. Web. 6 Apr 2011.
Act iii, scene iii, lines 108-131 of William Shakespeare’s “Othello” unquestionably shows Iago’s trickery and deceptiveness which is masked through his reputation for honesty, reliability and direct speaking. This section not only shows Iago’s slow but powerful act of deception, but also shows the jealousy and insecurities slowly depriving Othello’s inner peace and balance.
Jealousy is a dominating factor in both the modern day and Shakespearean Othello. In Othello, the jealousy develops from Iago, who thinks he has been overlooked as his flag officer and as Othello's loyal best friend. In "O", Hugo is jealous of his father's relationship with Odin. Hugo's father, Duke, is also the basketball coach of the team both Odin and Hugo play for. Odin is the team captain and receives the "most valuable player" award which he shares with his "go-to guy," Mike--not Hugo. Hugo believes that he is the M.V.P. of the Hawks and is filled with jealousy when his father gives the award to Odin and says, "I'm very proud to say this publicly, I love him like my own son" ("O").
In Othello, Iago is Shakespeare’s most malicious character and serves as a vehicle to these two themes. Iago despises Othello; he has a strong will to destroy Othello’s life, yet the motive behind his plan goes unexplained. Iago is a great manipulator of the tongue and lies to everyone in order to advance his plan; however, every character in the play considers Iago an honest character, and Othello even associates Iago with light and eyesight. Othello continuously asks Iago to explain or make something clearer. Until the very end, Iago appears to be honest and helpful to the other characters, but underneath this seemingly harmless façade, Iago is a demon with the strongest will; he will stop at nothing until he ruins Othello’s life. Iago uses a positive appearance to enact his
Iago, the antagonist of Shakespeare’s work, Othello, is often considered purely evil or sociopathic. At first glance, Iago appears to be a static, two-dimensional villain, but he is much more. Shakespeare, renown for his awareness of the human condition, leaves many important aspects of Iago’s life up to interpretation. In published works and critical interpretations, Iago is commonly attached to a myriad of mental illnesses and personality disorders. Because it seems that Iago’s life revolves around Othello and Desdemona, it is understandable how people may suggest that Iago is in love with Othello, or that he is a psychopath with no true motives. Shakespeare never discloses much about Iago’s past, raising the questions:
These differences are created to relate to people in this generation. Iago is a very confident, devious, terrible person. For example Iago never doubts his plans. He always believes that his plans will work to convince Othello of the worst. What creates his almost perfect plan is how well he knows Othello. Iago knows what will make Othello second guess himself. What makes Iago devious is the way in which he performs his plans. He acts as if he is a best friend of Othello while he secretly attempts to ruin his life. Lastly, what makes Iago a terrible person in general is how he has no respect or care for who he hurts in the process of ruining Othello’s life. He kills his own wife, Emilia, which proves his lack of care for others. However, in a few scenes Iago can be humorous. For example in many scenes with Roderigo the audience sees a humorous way in which Iago manipulates people and lies through his teeth. On the other hand, Hugo has similar personality traits such as being devious and manipulative. In “O” Hugo sneaks around and discovers ways in which he can make Odin or others look bad without getting any blame. Hugo manipulates a boy name Roger, which like Roderigo is the one who does the dirty work. Unlike Iago, Hugo appears to have childish or jealous-like characteristics. He has ‘daddy issues’ which means he wishes that his father would approve of him the way that he does
Language and imagination are among the most dangerous weapons Iago has at his disposal in Othello. Jealous and angered by Othello’s - his commanding officer - passing over him for a promotion, Iago develops a fierce, antagonistic perspective the aforementioned character; this sentiment quickly corrupts his volition, and he subsequently concocts a plot bent on destroying Othello. He renders this revenge scheme credible by concealing his true feelings behind a facade of loyalty and trustworthiness, and fabricating a fictitious story concerning the infidelity of Desdemona, Othello’s wife. Until the play concludes, Iago utilizes purposeful rhetoric to drive his agenda, and also a mastery of deception to mislead the minds of his targets.
This paper contains 237 words of teacher’s comments. What one perceives is influenced by one’s environment. The setting and commentary surrounding events changes our perception of them. Any innocent gesture can be perceived in the wrong way with enough persuading from someone else. Even if someone has total faith in another person's innocence, they can be persuaded to doubt them through the twisting of events. Once just a small amount of doubt has been planted, it influences the way everything else is seen. This occurs throughout the play, Othello. In this play, Iago influences Othello's perception of events through speeches and lies, making him doubt Desdemona's fidelity. Iago uses his talent of manipulating events to exact his revenge on Othello. Iago's twisting of events in Othello's mind leads to the downfall of Othello as planned, but because he fails to twist Emilia's perception as well, he facilitates his own eventual downfall.
"Othello." The English Review 15.3 (2005): 15. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 8 May 2014. .
...Gardner, Helen. “Othello: A Tragedy of Beauty and Fortune.” Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from “The Noble Moor.” British Academy Lectures, no. 9, 1955.
As early as the first scene of the play Iago shows us strong motives for his actions. In this first scene we see Othello, a general of Venice, has made Cassio his new lieutant. Iago feels he truly deserves his promotion as he says "I know my price, I am worth more no worse a place."(l.i.12) Iago over here is confused why Othello has made such a stupid decision. Iago is a man with a tremendous ego who knows, sometimes overestimates, his worth. Roderigo, a Venetian gentleman, understands Iago when Iago said that he is "affined to love the Moor."(l.i.41-42) What Iago really means is "I follow him to serve my term upon him."(l.i.45) Iago wants to use Othello for his personal goals. We also must put ourselves into Iago's shoes. He is a man whose self-esteem and professional carrier have just been torn apart. Iago makes his actions of revenge toward Othello almost immediately by informing Brabantio, a Venetian senator and father of Desdemona, that "an old black ram (Othello) is tupping (his) white ewe (Desdemona)."(l.i.97)
As Iago's role in the play begins to define itself, the plays main theme, which is jealousy, also begins to develop. Iago's role is unclear to the reader in the first scene. He appears to be an honest, trustworthy soldier who was angry because he was overlooked for a promotion. However, the reader later finds out that he is a "malignant and destructive plotter" and would do anything to destroy Othello and anyone close to him (Epstein 381). The fact that he is an evil character remains undetected by the rest of the characters in the play. "The other characters actually call Iago honest fifteen times throughout the entire play" (Campbell 156). Iago is jealous and resentful of Othello in everyway and uses this festering hatred to infect and destroy Othello. He filled Othello's mind with thoughts of deceit and betrayal until his unwarranted jealousy towards his beautiful, trusting, and innocent wife blinded Othello himself.
“I am not what I am,” proclaims one of Shakespeare’s darkest and most enigmatic villains, Iago, in the tragedy Othello. Iago’s journey for revenge enables him to become capable of immoral acts, and whilst his malevolence excites us, we are no more intrigued by his attributes than we are of the play’s tragic hero, Othellos’. Rather, both characters’ confrontation with jealousy and their subsequent moral demise as a result of failing to control such an emotion provides the true excitement for audiences. Iago’s spiteful manipulation of Othello makes him a multifaceted character — whose corrupt attributes make the audience examine their own morality. However, the same can be said of Othello; his failure to withstand Iago’s ‘pouring of pestilence’
...ide of the Moor: A View of Othello's Mind." Shakespeare Survey: An Animal Survey of Shakespearean Study and Production. Vol 10. 1957. 98-106. Novels for Students. 20 November 2004. http://www.enotes.com/othello/17321/print
Of Shakespeare’s five greatest tragedies, Othello is by far the most passionate and gripping. It is a tale of love, deception, evil, honesty, and virtue. Othello himself is set apart from other Shakespearean tragic heroes by the absolute feeling of affection the audience feels for him even unto the very end of the play. Any discerning reader painfully recognizes the virtue and goodness of Othello throughout the entire play, in contrast to the general degeneration of character so typical of a tragic hero. It is this complete pity that makes the death of Othello so tragic as the audience lends their full hopeful support until the inevitable and unavoidable fall. The evil side of Othello’s tragic flaw came from without, in the form of Iago. The internal flaw exists only in his heartrendingly unshakable goodness and honor.
Shakespeare’s Othello consists of the themes betrayal, love and dishonesty. At the centre of this play is the tragic downfall of Othello at the hands of his so called friend Iago. In this essay I will be discussing the reasons for and against Othello being responsible for his downfall through looking at critical interpretations of his character and actions.