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Modern vs postmodern architecture
Postmodernism essey
Evaluate the concept of Postmodernism
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Charles Jencks explains that postmodernism was formed as a reaction against the modern movement of architecture as it pushes the limits compared to the modern movement. The aim of postmodernism is to communicate ideas with the public in a humorous way. These humorous ideas are often communicated by using elements from past architectural styles, which can be used in various ways or often can be used all at once. Modern architecture created a concern as the building was only seen for its function of a building which eluded ornaments and the buildings became very simple and stark. People started to feel that the buildings failed to meet the comfort of the human eye and how it made one feel as it lacked a sense of beauty as it was too simple. The …show more content…
The Bureau has toy like elements which represent the different places that you can travel to around the world. The Bureau creates an idea of Greece and Rome, by the use of a segmented classical column on the bottom half, which has a twist as the other half is a slender and sleek chrome cylinder. The metal palm trees suggest tropical places that one could visit. There is also a Moghul Indian Pavilion, a railing which looks as though it comes from a ship as it has a lifebuoy mounted onto the railing, a segmented pyramid and curtains which are cast in bronze. The floor consists of curvilinear lines which allow your eyes to focus on the reception area creating ripple affect outward toward the exterior areas of the Bureau almost insinuating the world and the many places that you can travel. The circular floor plan also makes reference to classical architecture as it creates a balance in architecture . The Piazza d’Italia in New Orleans was designed by Charles Moore in 1978 and it was made to be a monument and a public space. Moore's design of this monument immediately attracted both admirers and critics. The Piazza was built as an urban revitalisation project, and a memorial to the city's Italian residents that were not appreciated as they had been outshone by the French, Spanish, African and Native
In his opinionated book, From Bauhaus to Our House, Tom Wolfe describes his views on the way architecture has framed our modern world. He frames his book long essay with an excerpt from America the Beautiful, "O Beautiful, for spacious skies, for amber waves of grain, has there ever been another place on earth where so many people of wealth and power have paid for and put up with so much architecture they detested as within thy blessed borders today? . . . Every child goes to school in a building that looks like a duplicating-machine replacement-parts wholesale distribution warehouse . . . Every new $900,000 summer house in the north woods of Michigan or on the shore of Long Island has so many pipe railings, ramps, hob-tread metal spiral stairways, sheets of industrial plate glass, banks of tungsten-halogen lamps, and white cylindrical shapes, it looks like an insecticide refinery." (Wolfe 1) This quote, in short, is the premise of his critique. He does not like the way modern architecture
Postmodernism movement started in the 1960’s, carrying on until present. James Morley defined the postmodernism movement as “a rejection of the sovereign autonomous individual with an emphasis upon anarchic collective anonymous experience.” In other words, postmodernism rejects what has been established and makes emphasis on combined revolutionary experiences. Postmodernism can be said it is the "derivate" of modernism; it follows most of the same ideas than modernism but resist the very idea of boundaries. According to our lecture notes “Dominant culture uses perception against others to maintain authority.”
(Image taken from Tranchtenberg, Marvin, Isabelle Hyman. Architecture: From Prehistory to Postmodernity. Second Edition. Prentice Hall, Inc. New Jersey: 2002.)
In the early twentieth century the Modern movement of architecture and industrial design came about. This movement was a reaction to the change within society and the introduction of new technologies. The ever changing world and technology meant artists to evolve alongside the changing world and this kind of ‘industrial revolution’ that was happening. Modernists ideas have seeped into every form of design especially architecture and design. Although most modernists insisted they were not following any style in particular, their work is instantly
A public place incorporated into a larger commercial complex, the fountain of the Piazza d'Italia occupies a circular area off center of the development, which consists of buildings and open-air corridors planted with trees. The fountain is set on a ground of concentric circles in brick and masonry, and is composed of a raised contour relief of the boot of Italy and a construction of several staggered, interconnected facades following the lines of the circles. Each facade incorporates one of the five Classical Orders in various materials, including marble, stainless steel, artificial lighting and water. The facades are one side of the space and the whole is surrounded by a ring of trees. Though a collaborative effort Charles Moore with the UIG, Perez & Associates, and others, Moore headed the creative development of Piazza d'Italia (3).
The word “postmodernism” first surfaced in architecture and the fine arts, perhaps in the 1950’s, referring to a new style. Later it acquired a meaning in the world of literature as well. It is not a theory or a creed: it is more like an attitude or a way of looking at things. Postmodernism is essentially a philosophy, which declares there is no absolute truth or objective truth particularly in the realm of spirituality or religion. Often times when a postmodern is confronted with an individual claiming an objective or absolute truth you would here them say the common phrase, “That may be true for you, but it is not for me.” One could easily utilize this phrase in more arbitrary and less important matters of our every day life (ex. Food, clothing choices) though this is a difficult course to navigate because it confuses matters of opinion with matter of truth.
In the 1950s, authors tended to follow common themes, these themes were summed up in an art called postmodernism. Postmodernism took place after the Cold War, themes changed drastically, and boundaries were broken down. Postmodern authors defined themselves by “avoiding traditional closure of themes or situations” (Postmodernism). Postmodernism tends to play with the mind, and give a new meaning to things, “Postmodern art often makes it a point of demonstrating in an obvious way the instability of meaning (Clayton)”. What makes postmodernism most unique is its unpredictable nature and “think o...
Post modernism is a very difficult concept to define. A French philosopher once defined post modernism as an "incredulity toward all meta narratives," which basically means a skeptical attitude toward all claims of absolute truth. Post modern writers use elements and techniques that provoke the reader to question their reading experience and scrutinize their own personal understanding of life and the values of their society. There are excellent examples of post modern writers using elements of post modern writing, such as irony, magic realism and fragmentation in the short stories read in Ms. Reynolds's English 4U class. The use of post modern elements in these short stories forces the reader to further their reading experience by going more in depth into the writing and figuring out how the story is significant to them and their view on the world.
The essence of modern architecture lays in a remarkable strives to reconcile the core principles of architectural design with rapid technological advancement and the modernization of society. However, it took “the form of numerous movements, schools of design, and architectural styles, some in tension with one another, and often equally defying such classification, to establish modernism as a distinctive architectural movement” (Robinson and Foell). Although, the narrower concept of modernism in architecture is broadly characterized by simplification of form and subtraction of ornament from the structure and theme of the building, meaning that the result of design should derive directly from its purpose; the visual expression of the structure, particularly the visual importance of the horizontal and vertical lines typical for the International Style modernism, the use of industrially-produced materials and adaptation of the machine aesthetic, as well as the truth to materials concept, meaning that the true nat...
Jencks briefly explains post-modern aesthetics from their modernist predecessors’ and pinpoints the instant of modernism’s death, writing “Happily, we can date the death of Modern Architecture to a precise moment in time… Modern Architecture died in St. Louis, Missouri, on July 15, 1972 at 3:32 p.m. (or thereabouts)...” (23). Unlike Jencks, literary scholars talk about the first, most original or famous representatives of modernism, but they completely avoid pinpointing an ultimate end to the movement. Due to architecture’s visual character and Jencks’ early, authoritative, and internationally read scholarship, the differences between modern and post-modern aesthetics are often clearer in architecture than in literature. Architecture provides a helpful visual counterpoint for modern and post-modern aesthetics in literature. According to him, architectural post-modernism favours pluralism, complexity, double coding, and historical contextualism.
Postmodernism is a style of art that first became popular in the late 20th century. When seeing the word postmodernism, it might have to do with any one medium of art-- literature, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. Lyotard, a founder of postmodernism in philosophy, is quoted as saying, “Simplifying to the extreme, I define the postmodern as incredulity toward metanarratives.” By saying this, Lyotard simply meant that, as a postmodernist, he was against the ways of thinking of modernists and wanted to see something new philosophically and artistically. Postmodernity demonstrates a departure from the art style modernism.
Through the modern era technologies evolved and avant garde was not just a matter of being ahead in you design concepts,. but also in the materials that you use. Modernist designers, in an obsession of moving forward, where always looking to enhance their ideals with new materials. When the modernist bubble burst the post-modern views came forward, embracing styles and techniques of history, architectures where liberated to be able to blend and combine techniques from throughout history. Contemporary architects, in various forms, continue on with the post-modern legacy of taking inspiration from history and seek out to use traditional building methods not only for convenience but also economical, environmental, contextual and symbolic reasons.
His works at Pentagram were known for its ostensibly decorative design, often produced through collaboration with artists and craftspeople. Amongst the British post-modernist Crosby was still an anomaly due to this adherence to customized design, crafts, and alternative building methods. What Crosby manifested in his later works was an anti-industrialization ideology that could be best put in comparison with the Arts and Craft tradition of John Ruskin and William Morris. Inheriting their obsession with Japanese architecture in the previous decades, Crosby would argue that since the engineers had already taken over the responsibility of creating the structures, architects should at least claim the right to protect and create the expressive elements. While stylistically Crosby’s works were opposite to the New Brutalists’ rational and primitive aesthetic, he continued to argue for well-made design and the social responsibility of architecture. Occasionally, Peter Smithson would take up a cameo role in Crosby’s ventures and produced works that were could at best described as uncanny to both Modernist and Postmodernist. What was consistent in their works, albeit the stylistic differences, was the regard of an architectural polemic. The excitement around New Brutalism today is perhaps still in debt to these post-war
However, architecture is not just the future, after all, buildings are intended to be viewed, traversed and lived by us, people. Despite this, many architects today rarely think deeply about human nature, disregarding their main subject matter in favour for efficiency and an architecture of spectacle. In this there seems to be a misconception that underlies much of architecture, that is, human’s relationship with the city, the building and nature. In much of today’s architecture, people are treated with as much concern much as we treat cars, purely mechanically. The post-modern search for the ‘new’ and ‘novel’ has come to disregard the profound affect design has on our lives, impacting our senses, shaping our psyche and disposition.
Post modern architecture: A revival of architectural elements of the past or a version of aestheticism?