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Mid-range nursing theories
Mid-range theory nursing
Mid-range nursing theories
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Middle range theories are made up of models and propositions that can be measured empirically. Nonetheless, in terms of scope, middle-range nursing theories are narrower than grand nursing theories and present an effectual link connecting grand nursing theories and nursing practice. Nursing models are based on a number of things with the first one being needs. Such models aim at assisting individuals to accomplish their physical along with mental needs. Nonetheless, these models have one shortcoming in the sense that they predominantly rely on the medical model of health and at the same time places the patient in an explicitly reliant position. Another type of middle range deals with the relationships and interactions nurses form with patients. …show more content…
Consequently, self-efficacy has been identified as an important forecaster of successful and efficient self-management. As a matter of fact, increasing self-efficacy is usually taken to be an imperative intermediary of the effects of physical activity interventions. Bearing in mind that the foregoing are demonstrated realities in the lives of typical representatives of the population at large, it follows logically that nursing patients -- who by definition are facing looming obstacles in the form of their health woes -- are particularly in need of cognitive tools that give them something to hope for and therefore to aim for. This is where self-efficacy theory steps in, and based on the preceding discussion it may be taken as incontrovertible fact that patients who are unable to harbor self-efficacious beliefs in some, and perhaps most, cases are poor candidates for a return to full health, unless they happen to be ailing from a condition that may resolve spontaneously or more slowly without intervention from patents themselves. (Bandura, 1994) Structural clarity: The self-efficacy model is of tremendous applicability in a nursing setting. Dr. Bandura notes that even ordinary social situations are typically fraught with things most people simply balk at confronting. Research and analysis identified specific ways in which behavior change techniques (BCTs) were connected with increases in self-efficacy as well as physical activity for healthy people. Self-efficacy is the relationship between the cognitive processes of individuals and the impact of environmental factors on accomplishing their goal irrespective of the
Bandura A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84, 191-215.
Peterson, S. J., & Bredow, T. S. (2009). Modeling and role-modeling. In Middle range theories: Application to nursing research (pp. 235-251). Philidalphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Peterson, S. J., & Bredow, T. S. (2013). Middle Range Theories Application to Nursing Research (3 ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
The study tested several outcomes including self-efficacy for managing chronic illness, the patient activation measure (PAM), perceived global health status score, self-assessment of most important behavior change for participant’s health or quality of life, and risk status in this identified area based on readiness to change. Each participant took a survey twice before and after the program, and the scores were subtracted from each other. Then the net result was used for comparison between the participants and non-participant (Linden, Butterworth, & Prochaska, 2010, p. 168).
Middle range theory helps describe, explain, predict, and test methods (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p. 215). Middle range theories help guide nursing interventions (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p. 215). Middle range theories identify phenomena, explain why they occur, how they occur, and provide a structure for interpretation (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p. 215). Middle range theories are simple and straight forward (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p. 215). With middle range theories, there are a limited number of variables and the methods can be consolidated into more extensive range theories (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p. 215). Middle range theories focus on the patient and the most predicted outcomes likely from the patient, and they affect the nursing interventions utilized (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p. 215). There are several benefits of using a middle range theory which includes a low level of abstractions and the organization of the model. Due to the simplicity of middle range theories, they are more likely to be adopted to everyday practices (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p.
Self-efficacy refers to an individual’s belief in his or her capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments (Bandura, 1997). Self-efficacy works hand-in-hand with a student’s abilities to have self-control in their motivation, behavior and their social environment. In the classroom self-efficacy will be present in situations involving their overall behaviors and learning achievements. A student with good self-efficacy will show a good conscience when making decisions on their behavior, time management, and effort given throughout the course work that is given to them. This will be a case to case situation as everyone is different, but also will depend on the age of the
It consists of expressing empathy, developing a discrepancy, rolling with resistance and supporting self- efficacy (Levensky et al., 2007). To express empathy, health care providers should communicate that they understand and accept patients` past experience, including the patient`s ambivalence about change (Levensky et al., 2007). It is to establish therapeutic relationship between patients and health care providers, as it is important to see things through the patients` eyes. Health care providers can develop a discrepancy by enhancing patients` awareness of the inconsistencies between their poor health behaviour and their personal goals and values, so patients can motivate themselves (Levensky et al., 2007). It is highly likely for patients to have resistance, however health care providers should not fight against patients` resistance, as patients should be the primary source of answers and solutions (Jensen et al., 2011). To support self- efficacy, it is important for health care providers to maintain and express to patients a belief and emphasis of patients` ability to change (Yakovenko et al.,
Nursing is an advanced and evolving profession that requires knowledge which may be gained through evidence-based research, theories, clinical practice, and continuing education. Nursing knowledge is the foundation to provide patients with high-quality care to produce optimal outcomes. Knowledge development in nursing is centered around the care of patients, families, and the community. Knowing and understanding specific patient and patient populations is an essential consideration during the process of developing nursing knowledge. Mantzorou and Mastrogiannis (2011) analyze Carper’s Patterns of Knowing which include four patterns: empirics, aesthetics, ethics and personal knowing. Theories may also guide nursing knowledge to convey ideas
He indicated that self-efficacy is the judgement of one’s personal capabilities. It is dependant on how a person perceives their past performances as well as how they feel they will perform in the future (Luszczynska, Benight, Cieslak, 2009). Therefore, someone who has high self-efficacy, has confidence that they can successfully master a specific task. On the other hand, an individual with low self-efficacy does not feel confident in their abilities to perform a certain behavior or reach a particular goal. Bandura considered self-efficacy to be the most important aspect of behavioral change. As stated by Glanz & Rimer (2005), in order to increase self-efficacy, an individual must set achievable goals in increments that will have
Theory’s responsibility is to provide nurses with standards that reinforce practice, as well as, for future nursing understanding and delivery. Basically, it provides nursing professionals with a tested way of thought on how to handle certain situations with proven results. The importance of nursing theories to nursing research is the knowledge offered gives nurses the foundation for communicating with others and best practice. Middle range theory according to McEwen & Wills (2011, p 35) are theories that have concrete concepts, that are specific, incorporate a measured number of concepts and characteristics of the real world and are tested for accuracy.
Nursing theory plays a vital and essential role within the nursing profession. Having a structured theory or idealism of what constitutes how nursing should be provided allows for guidance to current and future nurses in their approach and foundation to caring for their patients. Nursing has evolved from what use to focus on task orientation to a more thorough credentialed profession through the implementation of nursing theory tested evidenced based practices. The role nursing theory plays within the profession guides benchmarks to which nurses conduct these evidence based practices in order to implement best practices for better patient outcomes. Implementing nursing theory has proven beneficial
According to nursingjounrnal (2005) Middle range theories are applicable to each aspect of the nurse profession from administration, education, and direct patient care. Since middle range theory lie between grand theory and specific situation theory. Most nurses believed that middle range theory intervention are more specific on solving problem and if implemented at the bedside as intended they will always bring positive outcomes to the patients . The focus on improved patient outcome and patient satisfaction will be the future development in nurse theory and middle range theories lend to this development. Evidence based practice developed through the use of research studies and theory will lead the nurse in to the future practice. According to Meleis (2012) “Middle-range theories are at those levels of conceptualization that could inform nursing practice and research, and thus continue the cycle of advancing foundational knowledge and enhancing quality care”. To understand responses to health and
This means that many diabetics do not know how to go about exercising to minimize, or reverse their diabetes, and therefore, are not self-motivated or adequately treating their diabetes through exercise. It is not necessarily that those who do face this issue do not want to make a change and be healthy; rather it is that they are unsure where to begin or what to do. This makes people less motivated to make the change (Nadeau & Iyer, 2014). A large part of this problem is that healthcare providers, like nurses and physicians, are not disseminating information to the community effectively or educating their patients properly on how to self-manage their selves through exercise (Nadeau & Iyer,
The concept of self-efficacy is grounded in Bandura’s (1977) social learning theory. Bandura (1994) defines perceived self-efficacy as “people’s beliefs about their capabilities to produce efforts” (p. 71). In essence, one having strong self-efficacy experience increase in motivation, accomplishment, and personal well-being ( Bandura, 1994). Those with a low sense of self-efficacy, on the other hand, often suffer stress and depression; unbelieving of their capabilities and often succumbed to failure (Bandura, 1994).
Zimmerman defined self-efficacy, explained the role of self-efficacy in students’ motivation and learning, alongside examined self-efficacy’s possible influences and social-cultural impacts on self-efficacy. The author emphasized that students’ self-perceptions of efficacy are characteristics of how they construct their motivation. Zimmerman evidenced from other research studies (significant in education) to conclude that in order to be motivated to accomplishing, the role of self-belief in own capability is fundamental.