Microorganism means small organism which is often referred to as a microbe. A microbe is a single-cell organism which is so tiny that millions can fit into the eye of a needle. Microbes are known to be the oldest form of live on Earth, they can live individually or cluster together in communities. Microbes live everywhere. Anywhere you can think of, microbes live. They can be found in the air, soil, water and are present in and on our own body. Microbes are also known to live at temperatures less than -20 degrees Celsius to temperatures hotter than the boiling point.
These tiny organisms include Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi and Protists. Bacteria and Fungi are a commonly known form of microbe unlike Archaea which are similar to bacteria but appear to have some traits which are not present in any true bacteria. Protists include different types of mold and algae.
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms which are either single-celled or multi-cellular organisms, their DNA containing chromosomes are enclosed in a Nucleus inside their cells. Fungi cell structure is very similar to that of the plants however, Fungi do not perform photosynthesis. Fungi is often known to be a nuisance when found within a person’s house, whether on food, the walls or even the floor. People naturally find it disturbing and dirty, however there are good types of Fungi, often referred to as friendly fungi. In 1928 Penicillin, one of the most famous of antibiotic drugs was discovered having derived it from the fungi called Penicillium. This discovery has since has a huge impact on helping people across the globe. However, not all is it seems, there are some nasty fungi that can cause diseases in plants, animals and people. A famous one being Phytophthora infestans. This ...
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... to driving down the road to purchase a new, fresh loaf. Most people are unaware that the colourful spots visible on the food are just the surface spores which allow the mould to reproduce and that in fact just like plants, mould has roots which travel deep into the food. So, by scraping off this part of bread, it doesn’t stop the person from consuming a mouthful of fungus, which doesn’t seem too good. This fungus shouldn’t kill a person from consuming it, however, mouldy food may also have invisible bacteria growing along with the mould.
If the spores release into the air, they are small enough to be inhaled and breathing in large amounts of these spores can have a negative impacts on one’s health. Health risks can include; Eye, nose and throat irritation, coughing and phlegm build up, wheezing and shortness of breath, symptoms of asthma and allergic reactions.
Bacteria can function and reproduce as single cells but often combine into multicellular colonies. Bacteria are also surrounded by a cell wall. Archaea differ from bacteria in their genetics and biochemistry. Their cell membranes are made with different material than bacteria.
It kills bacteria by competing with it for food, The bacteria around the fungus are destroyed as penicillin is released. The penicillin kills the mold by stopping its cell walls from forming. This results in the cells bursting and dying (Ward, 50-51). During World War II, penicillin was used in place of surgery due to the lack of doctors. The drug obviated the need for many amputations because it could neutralize the bacteria that caused dead tissue responsible for limb removals (Conniff, 2013). A letter sent home from a soldier, Murphy, demonstrates an example of this. “At first they thought they would have the take his leg off… it was long before they really could treat him… But they started treating him with the new ‘wonder drug’ penicillin and it brought him around ok” (Higginbotham, 2001). In addition to eliminating amputations, penicillin made infections less painful to handle. Surgeons commonly treated wounds by draining them and leaving them open to heal. Infections were common and often deadly, recovery wound take months. However, after the distribution of penicillin, surgeons simply drained the wound, sprinkled penicillin powder, and stitched the wound close (Conniff, 2013). Thousands of soldiers who escaped death or amputation owed their well-being to the mass production of
Humans need various things in our lives in order for us to continue our growth. When we are infants, we need milk to meet our daily nutritional values. As we get older we need plenty of physical activity. We also need to rest often to allow our bodies a chance to repair themselves. Microbes are no different in that they need many things for them to survive and grow. In the following paragraphs, I’d like to look at five factors that can affect a microbe’s ability to grow.
The Irish Famine 1845-1849 “Is ar scáth a chiéle a maireann na daoine” “It is with each other’s protection that the people live” From the Fifteenth through to the Nineteenth centuries English Monarchies and Governments had consistently enacted laws which it seems were designed to oppress the Irish and suppress and destroy Irish Trade and manufacturing. In the Penal laws of 1695 which aimed to destroy Catholicism, Catholics were forbidden from practicing their religion, receiving education, entering a profession, or purchasing or leasing land; since Catholics formed eighty percent of the Irish population, this effectively deprived the Irish of any part in civil life in their own country. In the eighteenth century the Irish condition had improved: The Irish merchant marine had been revived and ports improved, and the glass, linen, and clothing industries developed. Agriculture had also been improved and in 1782 the Irish Constitution was formed.
When one thinks of bacteria, what comes to mind? Bacteria are single celled organisms whose main objective in life is to gather nutrient and reproduce asexually. They just grow and divide. Humans have very interesting interactions with bacteria. In our bodies we have one trillion cells that make us who we are. Outside and inside our bodies, we have 10 trillion bacterial cells that help us (dietary functions like making vitamins, creating a barrier against foreign/bad bacteria, helping our immune system, etc.). In terms of DNA, we have 30,000 genes. Bacteria in and on our bodies have about 300,000 genes. So really, we are more bacterial than human, proportionately speaking. Bonnie Bassler and her team worked to figure out just how these small organisms communicate with each other, and what they found is actually quite interesting.
A biofilm is a layer consisting of various combinations of many different organisms, autotrophic and heterotrophic. They are dense, organized communities of cells, encased in a self-produced slime. The bacteria grow together in water like atmospheres, attaching to a solid surface, forming a small ecosystem. Biofilms are known as a micro-environment, a micro-habitat, or a slime matrix. They help decompose dead organisms and recycle carbon and nutrients.
Microorganism is a living thing that cannot be seen by naked eye and is so small in size. Microorganism usually can be seen through microscope because microscope have the ability to see small thing using various magnification. The examples of microorganism are bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae and virus. Among all of the microorganisms, bacteria have the greatest advantages in preserving food and beverages. Bacteria are generally harmless but can produce enzymes that can alter the structure the food. In extreme cases, bacteria can secrete toxic substances that can cause the food to spoil.
In this assignment I am going to explain the 5 different social benefits of micro-organisms. The areas I am going to talk about are as follows;
This airborne respiratory disease affects the lungs, infecting people when they inhale spores released from the guano. Fresh droppings often carry this disease.
Yeast Yeast are a tiny form of fungi or plant-like microorganism (visible only under a microscope) that exist in or on all living matter i.e. water, soil, plants, air, etc. A common example of a yeast is the bloom we can observe on grapes. As a living organism yeast needs sugars, water and warmth to stay alive. In addition, albumen or nitrogenous material are also necessary for yeast to thrive.
When asbestos is handled, its tiny fibers float through the air and enter the body. When inhaled, these fibers lodge in the lungs and stay there, eventually causing lung cancer. Asbestos exposure has also been associated with stomach cancer, laryngitis, immune system suppression, enlargement of the heart and pleural abnormalities. The risk of these health problems increases with the amount of asbestos you are exposed to, the length of time you are exposed and how often you are exposed. It is still critical to be cautious when obtaining a sample, as a safe level of asbestos exposure has not been
Microbes are microscopic life forms, usually too small to be seen by the naked eye. Although many microbes are single-celled, there are also numerous multi-cellular organisms. The human body has 10-100 trillion microbes living on it, making it one giant super-organism. Since the first link between microbes and diseases was made, people have been advised to wash their hands. Scientists, however, have recently started to investigate more closely how the microbes that call the human body home affect our health. While some microbes cause disease, others are more beneficial, working with our bodies in many subtle ways.
Penicillin basically refers to any group of substances that are chemically similar and are obtained from molds of the Genus Penicillin. Penicillin was the first medicine discovered that successfully treated the bacterial infections caused by bacteria belonging to the genus of staphylococci. In the beginning, small amounts of penicillin were obtained from strains of mold P. Notatum.
It is a single-celled organism that is not visible to the human eye, which means it can only be seen with a microscope. Bacteria are classified as Prokaryotes. They make their own food from the sunlight and can absorb food from the materials that they live on.
There are many different types of microorganisms. Amoeba are a type of Protozoa. They are found in ponds, lakes, streams, rivers, ocean backwater estuaries, and even rain puddles. The prefer to be in water with high oxygen levels, but will be able to survive in water with normal oxygen levels. They are also found in large food webbed areas, that contain lots of algae and plants. Also, because of its dislike of light, it usually finds shade under lily pads (Amoeba