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The importance of ethical leadership
Corruption in politics
The importance of ethical leadership
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Has the corruption of Mexican Politicians affected Mexico’s development?
Mexican politicians have been subject of several attacks due to corruption. Mexico’s corrupt administrations have led to a slow development in many aspects. This paper will be based on Enrique Casais Padilla’s thesis for applying to doctorate written in 2009 in Madrid. The purpose of this document is to analyze, compare, and contrast the different administrations, political parties, treaties, and actions taken by the politicians. It is important to note that the principal discussion is about the economic policies and their effect in society (mainy in poverty).
The process of regionalism, multilateralism, economic integration, and globalization has been predisposed by
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Dolia’s main declaration is that corruption has now controlled politicians, and society is not their main goal, it is actually earning money their desire. She says that corruption has long been a part of the country’s political culture. In the same article, it is noted that Carlos Hank Gonzalez (mastermind of EPN’s run for president) says: “A politician that is poor is a poor politician”, which is causing several mind-shifts on politics. It is important to note that 8 out of the 10 corrupt Mexicans in the list are or where part of the PRI. Among those names you can find Carlos Romero Deschamps (Pemex workers union leader and a PRI member), Raul Salinas de Gortari, Andrés Granier (former PRI governor of Tabasco), Tomás Yarrington (former PRI governor of Tamaulipas), Humberto Moreira (former PRI governor of Coahuila), Fidel Herrera (former PRI governor of Veracruz), and Arturo Montiel (former Mexico state PRI governor, also the uncle of Peña …show more content…
The external shocks, including the global recession that followed the oil price increases of 1973 influenced the crisis. Mexico was having a huge economic problem that seemed not to have a solution other than stopping corrupt politicians. Years passed by, and Mexico’s development remained the same. It was until the government administration of Carlos Salinas de Gortari (1988-1994) when Mexico was starting to get into the top countries in the world (economically). This happened because between 1976 and 1990, economic reforms were being applied. This made it easier for Carlos Salinas de Gortari to implement the economic reforms, which were key to Mexico’s economic development. But how could the people be sure that it was the policies that made Mexico develop faster and not the corruption between the government and the riches people in the country? When people started to find out the truth, is when guerrillas and uprisings started to happen once
The basic model employed after Cardenas to promote growth in the Mexican economy was Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI), whereby Mexico attempted to build domestic industry and a domestic market. The strategy quickly started paying dividends, and the “import-substitution policies of the Mexican state were successful in generating rapid and sustained economic growth” (Sharpe 28). ISI ushered in the “Mexican Miracle” of economic growth; the Mexican growth hovered around 6% annually for some thirty years (Hellman 1). The government created incentives for investment and lowered taxation to spur domestic investment. Despite the strong economic indicators, the spoils of growth were not shared by many.
The Porfirio Diaz first had good intentions for Mexico. He at first bettered Mexico exponentially in his first few years. His main goal for the government was to be more industrial. He thought that agriculture didn’t matter as much as industry. The only problem was that most of the people living in Mexico depended on the agriculture. Diaz was well aware of the problem and ignored the people’s needs. Eventually his popularity started to drop. People where then looking for anyway to take him out of office. Once he realized that his presidency was being threatened; he did everything in his power to ensure he won. That is; until “People started noticing that he was rigging elections” (Source b2).
For thirty-four years Mexico existed under the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz. During this time Mexico’s industries flourished however the Mexican people remained deep in poverty with little to no opportunities for educational growth. The Mexican revolution was the result of Diaz’s fall from leadership, the peons need for independence, and resulted in a new beginning for Mexico. The Mexican Revolution began due to Porfirio Diaz not allowing anyone to have a voice or say in whatever it is they must do. The people of Mexico were upset because everyone was in poverty because only a select few people actually had money because Porfirio Diaz allowed them to those select few where also the ones in power behind Porfirio. Due to all of the poverty and the poor not having a say in anything they do or have to do it caused an uprising of the peasants led by Emeliano Zapata and Pancho Villa which are greatly known for their effort against the corruption and poverty in Mexico. Although Porfirio Diaz had brought some great things to help Mexico flourish in the industrial form and economical form but for the normal working class citizens that aren’t good friends with Diaz or know him on a personal level are left broke and are left with no way to get away from their financial problems because Diaz doesn’t allow them to make enough money to prosper in anything they do. Diaz’s way of ruling Mexico was so bad that it didn’t even allow the majority of the people of Mexico to get an education because they couldn’t afford it. The only people to benefit from the new rail road systems and factories were the rich hacienda land owners. The rich hacienda owners were also the people who were basically in control over the peons they had control over them as ...
Mexico declared its independence from Spain in Sept, 16, 1810, and for the next 100 years what followed was a period of political instability of rule under monarchies, federal republics and dictatorships. Finally in 1910, a revolt on the autocracy under Porfirio Diaz led to the start of the M...
The history of political instability in Mexico and its need for revolution is very complex and dates back to the colonization of Mexico by the Spaniards in the 1500s. However, many aspects of the social situation of Mexico when the Revolution broke out can be attributed to the thirty-year dictatorship of President Porfrio Diaz, prior to 1911. The Revolution began in November of 1910 in an effort to overthrow the Diaz dictatorship. Under the Diaz presidency, a small minority of people, primarily relatives and friends, were in ...
Serrano, M. (1998). Governing mexico: Political parties. London: The Institute of latin American Studies University of London.
Many years of war made Latin America’s economy suffer, and made it almost impossible to be able to recover from their debt. A stable economy was crucial to be able to gain credibility, from other countries so that investments would continue. In Peru, for example the silver mines and machinery where destroyed beyond repair. “Horrendous economic devastation had occurred during the wars of independence. Hardest hit were…Peruvians silver mines. Their shafts flooded, there costly machinery wrecked.” 120(Chasteen ). This made Peru suffer greatly because this was one of their main trades. In Mexico, one of their largest economic struggles was the lack of transportation infrastructure, meaning that Mexico did not have railroads. Mexico also lacked navigable rivers which made it much harder to be able to...
The Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), Partido Revolucionario Institucional, was known as the ‘official’ party of Mexico. The PRI ruled the government, with little to no opposition from 1929 to the new millennium. The party held a power almost equal to the actual President of Mexico, who naturally came from the PRI party. The PRI was founded by Plutarco Elías Calles [1] in 1929, originally named the National Revolutionary Party (PNR or Partido Nacional Revolucionario), then Partido de la Revolucion Mexicana (PRM or Party of the Mexican Revolution) by Lázaro Cárdenas in 1938[2]. The current name PRI was given to the group by Manuel Ávila Camacho in 1946. The party was mixed with involvement from some small political and military influences along with several local labor unions and peasant groups, the party served as a group that organized and contained political competition among the leaders of the various revolutionary groups. PRI’s role was to stop the power struggles that were occurring during the Mexican Revolution, if the issues of power were all solved within the party the negative effects of possible armed rebellions and congressional gridlock would not happen in Mexico.
Kehoe, Timothy J. (November 2010). Why Economic Reforms Have Not Generated Economic Growth in Mexico. Kim J. Ruhl Department of Economics, NYU Stern School of Business. Retrieved from http://www.kimjruhl.com/storage/data/KehoeRuhlJEL.pdf
De Cordoba, José & Lunhow, David. “The Perilous State of Mexico.” The Wall Street Journal. Dow
Throughout its history Mexico has had many revolutions. The most famous perhaps is the Mexican Revolution from 1910-1920. The people of Mexico were getting tired of the dictator rule of President Porfino Diaz. People of all classes were fighting in the revolution. The middle and upper classes were dissatisfied with the President’s ways. The lower and working class people had many factors such as poor working conditions, inflation, inferior housing, low wages, and deficient social services. Within the classes everyone was fighting; men, women, and children all contributed to the fight for freedom from Diaz (Baxman 2). This revolution proved to be the rise and fall of many leaders.
Mexico is a country that is led by a federation government which is democratic, representative, and republican based on presidential system since Constitution of 1917. The constitution has government in three levels: federal Union, state, and municipal governments. Officials at three levels are elected by voters. Mexico is fifth largest country in Americas and most populous country in world that speaks Spanish. Mexico is currently in a transformation to help the country grow both economically and politically with the current president taking extreme steps to move ahead.
Most Latin America countries are known as third world countries because the economic structure still in development. To overcome such judgment the countries had been developing different policies since the 1970s. The policies promise to help the countries to obtain a healthier economy and have an economic growth. The author Franko explains in the book The Puzzles of Latin America Economic Development how the economist Paul Rosenstein “believes that in order to achieve sustained growth, an economy must develop various industries simultaneously, requiring a coordination of investment or a big push.” (pg. 19) But to accomplished economic growth countries need to reduce the government control over the economy and start developing a market-base economy. Market-base economy would not only guarantee positive results of development, but will also create a more stable economy. Mexico is one of the countries that have integrated new policies and other economic change which have been giving the country positive results mainly on its economy.
The PRI party that had run Mexico for 71 years by using an unfair system of corruption was defeated, but the remnants they left behind are creating more challenges for democratic consolidation. In 2000, af...
Over the last few years, the issue of corruption--the abuse of public office for private gain--has attracted renewed interest, both among academics and policymakers. There are a number of reasons why this topic has come under recent inspection. Corruption scandals have toppled governments in both major industrial countries and developing countries. In the transition countries, the shift from command economies to free market economies has created massive opportunities for the appropriation of rents, excessive profits, and has often been accompanied by a change from a well-organized system of corruption to a more chaotic and deleterious one. With the end of the cold war, donor countries have placed less emphasis on political considerations in allocating foreign aid among developing countries and have paid more attention to cases in which aid funds have been misused and have not reached the poor. And slow economic growth has persisted in many countries with malfunctioning institutions. This renewed interest has led to a new flurry of empirical research on the causes and consequences of corruption.