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Nursing metaparadigm and theory
Nursing metaparadigm and theory
Nursing metaparadigm and theory
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2. Description of the metaparadigm concepts and relate to nursing knowledge.
a) Person: recipient of nursing care, including physical, spiritual, psychological and sociocultural components, and can include an individual, family or community.
b) Environment : concept of society and environment is central to the practices of nursing and reflected across conceptual structure to all the internal and external conditions ,situations and influences affecting the person.
c) Health: person experienced by achieving degree of wellness or illness assist by nurses.More specifically idea of Myra Levine’s (1967) use of the term conserving holism. Therefore, nurses to focus on totality of a person’s situation rather than on the typical parameters that
These four concepts play a very important role throughout the care in every single patient we are in contact with. The concept of person is used to represent each individual patient, such as a man or a woman (Chitty & Black, 2014). In the nursing profession, we know that every person is different in their own way from many different factors such as, genetics and environment. As a nurse, we incorporate the different factors that make a person who they are today. According to Chitty & Black (2014), the concept of environment includes all the influences or factors that impact the individual. The environment plays an important role in either promoting or interfering with the patient’s health. The environment can consist of many different systems, such as family, cultural, social and community systems. All these different systems can play a role in the patient’s health. The third major concept of the metaparadigm is health. The concept of health varies from person to person and day-to-day with many different factors included (Chitty & Black, 2014). Health includes every part that makes a person whole, which includes being able to perform their everyday tasks in life effectively. The last concept of the metaparadigm is nursing. Nursing, being the final concept includes all the previous concepts of person, environment and health to create a holistic approach (Chitty & Black, 2014). The holistic approach promotes the well-being of the mind, body and spirit in our
The notion of health is contextual and an interactive, dynamic process between person and environment (Schim et al, 2007). Both wellness and illness are conceptualized by the ‘person’, existing on a continuum across the lifespan (Arnold & Boggs, 2001).
My philosophy is based on my personal values and beliefs as it relates to the body of work in nursing. The practice of nursing not only involves applying knowledge but the ability to differentiate the needs of the client and being empathetic to their needs. Hence, the importance of holistic nursing and not only being for the client but for the clients family as well. Holistic nursing is defined as “all nursin...
The metaparadigm encompasses the major philosophical orientations of a discipline, the models and theories that guide research, and the empirical indicators that operationalize theoretical concepts. The purpose or function of the metaparadigm is to summarize the intellectual and social mission of the nursing discipline and place boundaries on the subject matter of that discipline (McEwen & Wills, 2014). The four metaparadigm of the discipline of nursing are person or client, environment, health, and nursing (Parker, 2001). A person or client is the recipient of nursing care. The environment is the internal or external surroundings that affect the client. Health is the degree of wellness or well-being that the client experiences. The nursing concept refers to the attributes and actions
Nursing is an occupation where many different individuals within a wide age range trust. Whether its children, teen, youth, adult, mature adults, nurses are there to help anyone with any condition. However, in order for one to be a nurse, they must learn the many different complex, detailed and difficult learning objectives within their study period. In NUR102, also known as Professionhood and Knowledge of Nursing I. Within this course, I learned the different nursing theorists that contribute to the nursing that is today. One of those theorists is Nightingale. Florence Nightingale was the first nursing theorist that proposed her environmental theory which involved her tenants, which are the factors that are required to restore an individual’s
The model is fastened in the realm of nursing geared to provide holistic care by including data from three domains. The person domain includes demographic, psychosocial, sociological, physical, social and cultural variables that might impact the symptom experience. Health and illness is a domain included in symptom management examining health history, disabilities, risk factors and injuries. The environment domain surveys physical, social, and cultural elements.
Around the 1960s, nursing educational leaders wanted to formulate a nursing theory that contained knowledge and basic principles to guide future nurses’ in their practice (Thorne, 2010, p.64). Thus, Jacqueline Fawcett introduced the metaparadigm of nursing. Metaparadigm “identifies the concepts central to the discipline without relating them to the assumptions of a particular world view” (MacIntyre & Mcdonald, 2014). Fawcett’s metaparadigm of nursing included concepts of person, environment, health, and nursing that were interrelated. The metaparadigm ultimately contributed to conceptual framework to guide nurses to perform critical thinking and the nursing process in everyday experiences in clinical settings.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) came up with the most commonly used definition for health, which has not changed for over 60 years. They say that it is ‘’a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity’’ (WHO, 1948), therefore meaning there are many more things to consider with health other than just death rates.
Health: a word symbol that implies forward movement of personality and other ongoing human processes in the direction of creative, constructive, productive, personal, and community living.
Nightingale refers to the person as, “The one who is receiving care,” (Alligod & Tomey, 2006). According to Reed and Zurakowski , “Nightingale envisioned the person as comprising physical, intellectual, emotion, social and spiritual components.” The patient will have physical needs such as, sleep, eating, water, and food. If a patient is lacking one of this the patient is at risk of becoming ill. Some patient might not eat their food, since they do not like to eat alone, the nurse should sit with the patient while they eat, or ask a family member to stay with them while they eat. By doing this small change the nurse has resolved the physical need of food and a social need in finding a person to talk to.
The basic phenomenon of concern and basis for the theory was “to answer the questions of what nurses do, why they do what they do, and why an individual may need a nurse” (Fawcett, 1995) Orem discovered throughout her years of practice that the answer is merely when a patient or family is no longer able to provide care do they need a nurse. Additionally the nurses role is to determine which nursing system will be most therapeutic to the patient. She then elaborated that a self-care demand is then created and can be substituted by the nurse.
The last term that I believe is important for everyone to understand for themselves is person. My definition of person is any individual. I believe it is important to see each patient as a person or individual rather than as a number or a diagnosis. Understanding the definition of person can actually be more important in nursing than one may think in my opinion. In my opinion every person has their own needs, experiences, and views so this makes it even more important to view people as individuals rather than as a group. King defined person as a spiritual being that is unique so has different requirements from others (Holaday, 2014, p. 263).
These four main concepts are environment, individual, health, and nursing. Each of these four words hold a specific part in the nursing profession. For environment Virginia Henderson talks about how individuals learn how to live in unique settings by patterns. Environment does affect ones life, so it is important to be able to teach and inform individuals of certain environments. When Henderson talks about individuals and health they go hand and hand amongst each other. She states how individuals have basic needs and that these needs guide us to health. These basic needs allow for the individual to know when they are hurting, depressed, or just incapable of completed the simple tasks. This helps guide the individual to knowing when his or her health is not the best. Lastly the nursing part of her theory pertains to the capability of performing all fourteen components independently. These fourteen components are a huge part of her theory. These components make it easy for one to see if one is ready to be indented and return back to their daily lives. These are the fourteen components: 1. Breathe normally, 2. Eat and drink adequately, 3. Eliminate body wastes, 4. Move and maintain desirable postures, 5. Sleep and rest, 6. Select suitable clothes – dress and undress, 7. Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying environment, 8. Keep the body clean and well groomed and protect the integument, 9. Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid injuring others, 10. Communicate with others in expressing emotions, needs, fears, or opinions, 11. Worship according to one’s faith, 12. Work in such a way that there is sense of accomplishment, 13. Play or participate in various forms of recreation, 14. Learn, discover, or satisfy the curiosity that leads to normal development and health and use the available health facilities. This information and components are what makes
According to Mary Fran Tracy, holistic care means providing care that encompasses a person as a human being, mind, body and spirit. Holism involves a deep understanding of each individual patient, appreciating that the disease does not define the patient, but that the person is embedded in a transient unfolding life.2 I will apply this to my practice by integrating the Shuler Nurse Practitioner practice model which is based on a “holistic understanding of human health and illness in older adults that integrates medical and nursing perspectives.”3 I will apply this to my practice by attempting to understand why my patient is not taking their blood pressure medication instead of immediately labeling them as non-compliant. Some religions believe that disease is a punishment from God and only he can give or take away the illness. I will integrate the whole person, mind, body and spirit in order to better my practice and increase patient...
People admire good health and want to stay healthy throughout their lives. Every individual of every race and culture look for the easiest methods to be healthy and if they get sick, they start looking for the alternate ways to regain their health. Holistic health is an alternate approach to acknowledge that health depends on the wellness of the whole body, mind and spirit. In holistic health, a person is the responsible for her own treatment depending on his or her choice and belief. Holistic health would increase the further steps to approach the prevention and healing process of the illness in current health care system and will be effective to provide the better treatment for the patients.